US1320226A - harkness - Google Patents

Description

WELL REAMER.

APPLICATION FILED 1mm. i919.

Patented Oct. 28, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET t me.

WELL-REAMER.

Specification of Iletters Batent.

Patented-Oct. 28, 1919..

Application filed Januarv 27. 1919. Serial s... 273.316.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT E. HARKNESS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bradford, in the county of McKean and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and usefullmprovements in WVell- Reamers, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

This invention relates to improvements in well reamers, for the purpose more particularly of enlarging the bore of Artesian and other like wells below and in advance of the casing, and the present invention is an improvement upon the construction shown in my Patent No. 1,146,250, dated July 13th, 1915, which improvement will be particularly pointed out hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a perspective view of an under reamer embodying my invention, the bits shown in their extended positions.

I Fig. 2 is an enlarged detached perspective View of my improved form of bits.

of my present improvement, showing the bits extended. t

. Fi 4 is a vertical central sectional view, showing the bits folded or collapsed inward to enter a well-casing.

Incarrying out my present improvement, astock or body portion 1 is provided, and the lower end of the body is provided with a longitudinal slot 2, the lower end of the slot being closed by a transverse web 3. This body 1 is provided with a longitudinal bore or opening 3*, contracted at its lower end by an inwardly projecting flange or shoulder 4, making a reduced longitudinal open ing 5, which communicates with the slot2. As shown, the lower end of the body has an enlargement 6, and this enlargement extends upward a little more than half the length of the slot 2'. The lower slot 2 forms a transversely. arranged receiving passage for the bits 7.

One of the present improvements over my aforesaid patent is in the construction of the bits 7. These bits 7 are provided at their upper ends with reduced flanges 8, preferably slightly tapered and adapted to enter the lower end of the reduced tapered opening 5 of the body, as shown in Fig. 3, when the bits 7 i are in their extended positions for under-reaming. A relatively small semi-cir- Fig. 3 is a vertical central sectional viewcular groove 9 is formed in the inner face of each of the flanges 8 and relatively larger grooves 10 are formed on the inner faces of the upper portions of the hits, as clearly shown in Fig. 2, forming a shoulder 11.

Each bit below the opening 10 has an outwardly extending or transversely arranged slot 12, the lower wall 18 of which is prefer ably inclined downwardly and inwardly and below this 'slot 12 there is an inwardly.

curved portion 14, terminating in a point or angle 15, as clearly shown in Fig. 2. A vertical passage 16 is centrally cut through the'angle 15 to form a vertical passage for a purpose presently explained. The upper ends 17 of the bits form shoulders and below this point the bit is reduced, as shown at 18, forming a second set of shoulders 19, for a purpose which will be explained hereinafte A spring actuated rod 20 passes through the body 1 and has at its lower end a head 21, which extends into the grooves 10 and interlocks with the shoulders 11.

Located on this red is a collar 22 adapted to rest on the shoulder 4 of the bore of the body 1, and a spiral spring 23 'is located between this collar and a screw-nut 24 at the outer or upper end of the rod 20, thus holding the spring between the collar and the nut.

' A vertically slidable sleeve extends around thebody 1, just above the enlarged the slot 2, a distance approximately onethird thelength of the slot andalso embraces the reduced upper ends 18 of the bits. 1

When the parts are assembled, the sleeve 25 is moved upward on the body to expose the slot 2. A rod 27 has its upper end detachably connected with the head 21 of the rod 20 by screw-threads 28, as shown, and

its lower end provided with a loop 29 by means'of which the rod can be pulled outward pulling with it the rod 20 against the tension of the spring 23. With the sleeve moved upward and the'head 21 pulled outward, the bits are inserted in the position shown in Fig. 3, and the sleeve.25; moved back toits normal position, as shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 4. The bits may be removed by sliding the sleeve upward and pulling outward on the rod 27, which will release the bits and permit them to be removed sidewise through the slot 2.

The bits having been assembled in position, they are normally in their extended position shown'in Fig. 3, and this position of the bits is caused by the spring rod 20 pulling inward or upward on the bits causing the lower Walls 13 of the slot 12 to first engage the lower tapered edges 30 and then the upper tapered edges 30, which looks the bits against inward movement by the bridge or web 3. With the parts in this position the shoulder 17 abuts against the upper wall of the slot 2,

In the use of this reamer, it is necessary for the bits 7 to be folded inward, as shown in Fig. 4, to enter the upper end 31 of the well-casing, and this is accomplished by pulling outward on the rod 2?, and the bits, as shown in Fig. 4-, and when in this position a suitable holding rin. or band 32 is placed around the bits holdlng them in this position while they are inserted in the casing. When the device is pushed down in the casing, theiring 32 is pushed along the body of the reamer and removed therefrom,

The operation of an under-reamer is so well understood that a description thereof is not necessar except to say that in the construction here shown the spring actuated rod 20 is exerting a constant inward or upward.

pull so that when the bits 7 pass out of the lower end of the casing, they are drawn upward and the web or bridge 3 engaging the lower walls 13 of the slots 12, force the bits outward in the position shown in Figw 3, to ream the well larger than the casing, to per-- mit the casing to be moved downward as the well is deepened, according to the usual practice.

My present construction embodies three improvements over my patent.

Une improvement being the slot 12 in the inner sides of the bits receive and co6per-' ate with the brid e or web 3, for the purpose of forcing the blts outward into operative position.

Another improvement is the forming on the outer surface of the bits 7, additional shoulders 19 located above theslots 12, and in normal position immediately at the lower end of the sleeve.

Another improvement is to have the rod 20 carry an abutment collar 22 and the body 1. to have an opening 5 large enough for the head 21 of the rod 20 to pass through, whereby the rod and its collar can be assembled outside of the body and passed therethrou 11 into operative position or removed there rom as a single unit. I

The sleeve 21 projects a distance over the slot 2, greater than the height of the slots 12 of the bits, so that should the rod 20 break, or the spring 31 break, permitting the rod to drop, the bits cannot move downward or outward far enough to release their upper ends from embracement of the sleeve 25. This prevents the bits from being lost in the well by reason of the breaking of the spring 31 or the rod 20.

Attention is directed to the fact that the bridge 3 is the only means for forcing the bits outward or separating them, and that its radius or curved face which forces the cutters outward is the same that expands them, and the engaging faces of the bridge and cutters correspond with each other as shown when the cutters are in their expanded positions.

It will be observed that the grooves 10 in the bits form a pocket to receive the head, 21 of the rod- 20, and that the slots 12 are located below this pocket, the lower ends of the slotscooperating with the edges of the bridge 3 to force the bite outward when they are drawn upward by the springactuated rod, as shown in, Fig. 3,

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In an implement of the character described, the combination with a body portion having longitudinally depending arms forming a longitudinal slot, a web spanning the space between the arms and located above the lower extremities of said arms, the web havingdownwardly tapered edges, of

bits having reduced upper portions fitting and movable longitudinally and laterally within the slot, said bit-reduced portions only having outwardly extending web receiving pockets and downwardly and inwardly curved portions ending at the lower ends of the bit-reduced portions for engag ing the tapered. edges of the said web, whereby the tapered Wedge-acting parts are completely between the arms and no parts proecting downward from the lower ends of said arms, and an upwardly spring acting member operatively connected with the upper ends of said bit-reduced portions, the parts operating as described.

In an implement of the character described, the combinationwith abody portion having downwardly depending arms forming a longitudinal slot, a web spanning the space between and at the lower ends of the arms, of bits having upwardly projecting reduced portions fitting and movable within the slots, the inner walls of the bitreduced portions having outwardly projecting web-receiving pockets and downwardly and inwardly extending tapered portions for engagement with the edges ofsaid web,

a sleeve surrounding the body portion and;

embracing the upper portions of the said body arms, the outer walls of the bit reduced portions having two outwardly projecting shoulders, the upper shoulder engaging the upper wall of the slot and the lower shoulders below the lower end of said sleeve when the bits are extended downward and outward, and a spring actuated member connected with the upper ends of the bit-reduced portions and pulling upward thereon, the parts operating as described.

3. An implement of the character described, comprising a body-portion having a bit receiving slot at its lower end, bits having upper portions within said slot, the bits and body portion having engaging Walls adapted to force the bits outward, the bodyportion having a longitudinal bore, a rod within the body-portion having a collar vloose thereon and carrying a head at its lower end, the collar resting on a shoulder of the bore of the body-portion, a nut on the upper end of the rod and an expanding sprin between the nut and the said collar, where y the rod, spring and collar are bodily removable from the body-portion.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature.

ALBERT E. HARKNESS,

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