US1316974A - Giuseppe ravenna - Google Patents

Description

G. RAVENNA.

REVERSIBLE STEAM TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED IULY 6.19M-

1 ,3 1 6, 974; Patented Sept. 23, 1919.

TIH. L'OLUMIIIA PLANOGRAPII cm, wAsmmrmN. 0. c4

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GIUSEPPE RAVENNA, 0F GENOA, ITALY.

REVERSIBLE STEAM-TURBINE.

5 and useful Improvement in Reversible Steam-Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to improvements in that class of steam turbines in rangement of the blades in two concentric annular series, one series being inclined 0ppositely to that of the other.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide means, whereby a distribution of steam is assured automatically according to the desired direction of rotation of the turbine.

A further object of my invention is to provide means to prevent leakage between stationary and rotary disks.

In the accompanying drawings, one application of the invention is illustrated by way of example.

Figure 1 shows the arrangement partly in side elevation and partly in axial section; Fig. 2 is a section on the line w-m of Fig. 1 showing the two rings of blades on a fixed disk which is secured to a casing; Fig. 3 is a section on the line gz of Fig. 1 showing the two rings of blades on a rotatable disk which is secured to a rotor or drum; Fig. 4 is an enlarged, axial section of a portion of the arrangement shown in Fig. 1.

With reference to the drawings, 1 denotes a casing which forms the frame of the turbine and which is provided with disks 3, each having having numerous blades divided into two rings 4 and 4, oppositely inclined. 2 is the rotor or drum provided with disks 3 each containing numerous blades divided into two rings 4" and 4" oppositely inclined for forward and reverse movement respectively. 5 is the driven shaft of the rotor 2.

The disks are formed and related as shown in Fig. 4. At the inner surface of the cylindrical casing 1, and disposed in radial direction, are a succession of series of distributing stationary disks 3, which are secured as at 13, to the casing. These disks alternate as at 14 with disks 3, which are mounted upon and rotate with the rotor 2. The disks of both series are divided into two concentric rings carrying blades as before ment on d.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed July 6, 1917v which reversibility is obtained by the ar- Patented Sept. 23, 19.19.

Serial No. 179.078.

To counter-balance the axial thrust to which the drum is subjected by reaction, the turbine is provided with balance pistons 15.

The retention of steam and preventing of leakage between the successive disks is effected by means of annuli or rings 16 placed between the disks and also between the inner and outer rings of blades. By means of springs 17, the annu'li are held in place to produce a tight closure and thus prevent leakage.

Steam is introduced through a regulating valve 6 (Fig. 1) into a casing 7, in which a slide valve 8 may move. The casing 7 is provided with two ports 9 and 10. Port 9 leads to passage 11, which in turn leads to the inner rings of both series of blades, while port 10 leads to passage 12 which in turn leads to the outer rings of both series of blades. I

At the other (right hand) end, the outer rings of blades communicate with an outlet passage 19, while the inner rings of blades communicate with an outlet passage 20. Both these passages are controlled by a slide valve 8'.

Inlet valve 8 and outlet valve 8 are operable by means of a rod 21, said rod being connected, at one end, directly to slide valve 8, and at the other end with slide valve 8' by the intermediary of a lever 22.

Said rod 21 has also mounted thereon a piston 23 capable of reciprocating in a cylinder 24, both ends of said cylinder being in communication with a steam supply through steam ports 25-26, and through a steam pipe not shown in the drawing.

27 is a hand valve to admit steam either to one end or the other of cylinder 24, in order to cause the valves 8-8 to open the proper ports for running the turbine in the desired direction. Fig. 1 shows the parts arranged for driving the turbine in a rearward direction.

If it is desired that the turbine shall go ahead, hand valve 2 is first moved to open port 26, whereby steam enters cylinder 24 and pushes piston 23 toward the left. Rod 21 will consequently cause slide valves 88' to open the ports 10 and 19. Then by opening valves 6, the steam enters through the passage 12, and passes through and between the blades of the successive outer rings and thence out of the turbine by the passage 19.

If it is desired that the turbine shall go backward, the hand Valve is moved to open only port 25, whereupon the valves 8 and 8' are both shifted to the positions shown in Fig. 1, and the steam will pass by way of passage 11, through and between the blades of the successive inner rings, and thence out of the turbine by passage 20.

I claim:

A reversible steam turbine comprising a stationary casing; a rotatable shaft; disks mounted on said casing; disks mounted on said shaft and alternating with those first mentioned the neighboring faces of adjacent .disks being provided one with an annular rounded cavity and the other with an annu lar slot; packing rings between the disks and each having a rounded edge and a Hat Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

steam outlet ports from said blades.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GIUSEPPE RAVEN NA.

Witnesses GHIsNUsHELLo AMFITRIAN, MANFREDI GIOVANNI.

Washington, D. 0.

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