US1312367A - Press - Google Patents

Description

E. R. SUTCLIFFE.

PRESS APPLICABLE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BRIQUETS AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.

APPLICATION FILED OCT 30. l9l5.

' Patented Aug. 5,1919.

2 SHEETSSHEET l.

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THE COLUMBIA PLANBGRAPH cm. WASHINGTON. n. c.

E. R. SUTCLIFFE.

PRESS APPLICABLE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BRIQUETS AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.

APPLICATION FILED OCT 30, 1915. 1,312,367, Patented Aug. 5,1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

THE COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPII co., WASHINGTON, u. c.

' Serial No. 135,510;

nNITED STATES PATENT enrich.

EDGAR ROUSE SUTCLIFFE, OF LEIGH, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO PURE COAL BRIQUETTES LIMITED, OF CARDIFF, WALES.

PRESS APPLICABLE FOR THE PRODU TION OF BRIQUETS AND FOR OTHER. PURPOSES.

Specification. of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 5, 1919.

Application filed October 30, 1915. Serial No. 58,866.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDGAR RoUsE SUT- cLIrrE, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Leigh, Lancash'ire, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements Relating to Presses Applicable for the Production of Briquets and for other Purposes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the operation of presses and has for its object to effect the operation at high speed of presses intended for the application of high pressures.

The invention is of general application to presses for the production of briquets and for other purposes as for example for metal pressing or forging where very high final pressures are required.

According to the invention a motor ap-v paratus is employed operated by fluid pressure, in which after the commencement ofits operation the pressure is augmented for continuing or completing the pressing operation whereby economy in the consumption of the fluid pressure medium is effected permitting of the eificient operation of the press.

The accompanying drawings illustrate apparatus constructed according to the invention for the production of briquets from coal or similar carbonaceous substances reduced to a condition of extreme fineness, by a process of simple compression without a binder as described in the specifications filed pursuant to the prior applications for patent Serial No. 1750i dated 27th March 1915, and Serial No. 175.05 dated 27th March 1915.

Figures 1 and 2 show in elevation and plan respectively the general arrangement of such an apparatus, which is illustrated as applied to a briquetingpress, the subject matter of a co-pendlng application and Fig. 3 shows 1n partial sectional elevation the steam cylinders' and valve gear;

In-carrying the invention into effect according to the construction as illustrated 1n the accompanying drawings, I provide two steam cylinders a, b in axial l1ne, the first cylinder at being of small diameter and the second I) of larger diameter. The first cylinder a is adapted for the admission of steam at the rear only, so that the forward end of the cylinder may be open, but it is preferred that the forward end a may be enlarged and provided with a flange a by which the small cylinder may be secured to the large cylinder. It is also preferred to provide the rear end of the large cylinder 6 with a cover plate 6 which may be formed hollow, through which cover plate the common piston rod 0 of the'respective steam cylinders a 1) passes in a stuffing gland b suitably provided for the purpose. The flange a on the enlarged front end of the small steam. cylinder a may be secured to the cover plate 12 at the rear end of the large cylinder 6, while a similar hollow cover plate 6 may be provided at the front end of the large steam cylinder, a suitable stuffing gland 5* being provided through which the rod 0 may pass.

The piston c of the small cylinder a is secured at the end of "the piston rod 0 which is reduced for the purpose, by means of a nut 0 while the large piston c is mounted upon the rod 0 in its proper determined position between an integral boss 0 upon one side and a nut c upon the other, the nut '0 engaging a screw thread provided upon the piston rod. A recess 12 may be provided in the cover plate 6 at the rear of the large steam cylinder 6 for the reception of the nut c on the piston assuming its rearmost position. The plunger 0 of the hydraulic actuating pump 7" for actuating the press is connected to or formed integral with the piston rod 0 aforesaid as for example by means of the connecting part 6 The small steam cylinder a is provided at the rear end with a cover plate a and at the rear end inlet and exhaust poits a are provided one behind the other in the position indicated in Fig. 3. An inlet valve 2' and an exhaust valve 2' immediately behind it in the position indicated in Fig. 3 are provided within a suitable valve casing, and means provided for the positive operation of the valves. The reference 2' is applied to the inlet valve i. It will, however, be understood that it is to be considered as directed to ,an exhaust valve of identical form with the inlet valve and disposed behind the inlet valve 2' in Fig. 3. The inlet and exhaust valves '5, 2' may be provided of any suitable construction. Those indicated in Fig. 3 are mounted within a. common in tegral casing 5 divided into two compartments by means of a vertical partition i The inlet valve 2' is mounted in one compartment with which is connected the steam inlet pipe 39, while the exhaust valve 71 is mounted in the other with which is connected the exhaust pipe at. The main steam inlet for the respective cylinders a and b is centrally disposed at o, and is connected with a fitting c to which the steam pipes 39 are connected upon each side, and by which steam is always admitted into the back end of the cylinder I) through the port Z2 while at the front end of the large cylinder 6 inlet and exhaust ports 6 are respectively provided one behind the other in the position indicated in Fig. 3 by which steam may be admitted to or exhausted from the front end of the cylinder. The inlet valve 0 and the exhaust valve 0 at the front end of the large steam cylinder Z) are positively operated. The reference 0 is applied to the inlet valve 0 but it will be understood that it is to be considered as directed to the exhaust valve of identical form with the inlet valve 0 and disposed behind the inlet valve in Fig. 3. These valves may be mounted Within a common integral casing 0 which is divided into two compartments by means of a partition 0 Within one of these compartments the inlet valve 0 is mounted, steam passing into that com-' partment through the inlet pipe 79 which communicates with it. The other compartment has the exhaust valve 0 mounted within it and communicates with the exhaust pipe 26 It will be observed that the ports I) and b are set in such position that a cushioning space is fonmed at the respective ends of the cylinder Z) and a groove or grooves w are provided for the outlet of the confined steam.

Any suitable gear may be employed for the operation of the inlet and exhaust valves of the steam cylinders. For the purpose I provide an electro-motor 7' for causing the rotation of a shaft y' upon which a number of eccentric sheaves j are mounted set into determined positions and capable of adjustment, for positive operation of the respective inlet and exhaust valves 2' 2' and 0 0 of the steam cylinders a b. The rods 7' connected to the eccentric sheaves 7' are in turn pivotally connected to horizontally disposed sliding rods 7' and these latter.

have extensions i connected thereto for the purpose of actuating the valves. For this purpose these extensions j are mounted to slide within the lower part of the respective valve casings i and 0 respectively of the valves 2', i and 0, 0 and the extensions 3' are provided each with a cam surface j upon which lies a roller mounted at the lower end of the vertically disposed valve spindle 73 so that thus according to the position of the extension 7' and the cam surface j provided upon it, the valve is moved into determined positions in the cycle of operation. The actual cycle of operation may be modified according to particular requirements, but is such that steam is first admitted to the rear end of the small cylinder a by which the small piston c and the piston rod 0 upon which it is mounted are forced forward carrying with them the piston c of the large cylinder 5 and the plunger e of the hydraulic actuating pump f. By such means pressure is imposed behind the main plunger Z of the press for the first part of the compressing operation. This operation is effected under the full pressure of the steam behind the piston 0 of the small cylinder, inasmuch as during this part of the stroke the steam pressure is applied on each side of the piston c of the large cylinder, under the full admission of steam at each end. The steam admitted to the small cylinder at is out oif at a suitable point, as for example at one-third the stroke, and for the remainder of the stroke pressure is applied under its expansion. I

Toward the end of the forward stroke the inlet valve 0 is closed and pressure on the piston rod 0 is augmented by exhausting from the front side of the piston 0 on opening the exhaust valve 0 whereby the steam at the rear end of the cylinder 7) becomes fully effective and great pressure is then applied upon the plunger 6 of the hydraulic pump f, and is transmitted to the main cylinder m of the press, by which the further or final stage of compression is effected under the increased pressure necessary. At the end of the forward stroke of the pistons c, c the exhaust valve 2' is opened, the exhaust valve 0 is closed and the steam admission valve 0 is open by which the piston 0 is then balanced. The respective pistons c c are then free to return to their initial positions under hydraulic pressure imposed upon the plunger 6 of the hydraulic actuating pump f or otherwise. The return of the plunger 0 may be effected by haudraulic pressure on the movement of the main plunger Z of the press whichfor the purpose maybe connected to a rod 40 carrying a piston 37 sliding within a cylinder mounted above the oylinder m which piston 37 is maintained continually subject to pressure from an accumulater 29 through the pipe 34: so that thus upon the plunger 6 reaching the end of its stroke and the compression stroke of the press plunger Z having been completed, the piston 37 under pressure from the accumulator 29 causes the return upward movement of the plunger Z. Thus under hydraulic pressure the plunger 0 is forced to return carrying with it the pistons 0 and 0 By such means the hydraulic pump f is operated for the actuation ofthe press with economy in steam consumption, and the press is capable of operation at high speed which is determined by the operation of the steam piston c c and by the valve operating gear which is under regulation from the controller of the valve operating electromotor j.

It will, however, be understood that the invention is not limited to the means described for causing the operation of the valves.

It is preferred that inlet and exhaust valve 0 0 may be provided at the front end of the large cylinder 6, to be independently and positively operated.

I provide means to insure that where for any reason the quantity of material compressed in the mold g of the press illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 is too small to produce a briquet of the required thickness the pressure applied shall nevertheless be sufficient to effect consolidation. These means comprise a small valve 7' situated at the end of the hydraulic pump f opposite to that at which the plunger 6 slides, and this valve 7* is so mounted that when the plunger 6 reaches near the end of its forward movement it will on contact with the plunger e open communication with a space within a fitting r behind communicating through the pipe 28 with the accumulator 29 loaded to a pressure for example of two tons per square inch, so that thus if for any reason the required pressure, of for example ten tons per square inch, has not been reached within the mold g of the press by the time the end of the plunger 6 comes into contact with the valve 7", direct communication is established between the accumulator and the main cylinder m of the press by which the deficiency in liquid is made good and the required pressure attained within the mold. It will, however, be understood that this valve 7" will be actuated .only when the stroke of the pump plunger 6 is slightly greater than the normal stroke, brought about by the abnormal conditions within the main cylinder at of the press, as the result of the too small quantity of material in the mold g.

It will be understood that the exhaust valves 0 will be closed so as to cushion the piston 0 when nearing the end of its forward stroke, while similarly the exhaust valve 2' will be closed to cushion the piston c in nearing the end of the return stroke.

The respective steam cylinders a b and hydraulic pump f are mounted on suitable bases so as to be arranged in line. I prefer to mount the respective steam cylinders firmly and securely in position upon bases or upon brackets s which are integrally provided to extend laterally upon the respective cylinders a b by which they are supported over .a recess of a length corresponding to tained to the valves and the inlet and exhaust pipes as well as to the valve operating gear, while similarly the hydraulic pump is mounted upon a base f and the fixity of position of the hyraulic pump f with reference to the large steam cylinder 5 is secured by the respective cylinders being tightly held down in position by suitable holding down bolts and by connecting bolts f being provided passing through flanges or brackets f s suitably formed upon the respective oppositely disposed ends of the pump cylinder f and the large steam cylinder 6 at their upper parts, so that thus the stresses imposed in operation upon the pump cylinder and the steam cylinder tending to separate them are effectively withstood.

An air chamber or receiver f is provided connected in the hydraulic system by which any leakage is made good. Liquid is pumped into the receiver at for example from 20 to 50 lbs. per square inch, the charging pump coming into operation when the pressure falls below a predetermined degree. This air chamber or receiver is directly connected to the hydraulic actuating pump ,1 of the press so that thus this pump 7 and the pipe 30 through'which the liquich is passed to the main cylinder m of the press are always maintained filled With liquid.

It will be understood that check valves are provided in the connected pipe system so that when pressure is applied these check valves are automatically closed.

Again it will be understood that the accumulator and the pump by which it is maintained as well as the air chamber or receiver and the pump by which it is maintained may be used and connected for any number of presses or-hydraulic actuating pump systems.

I claim 1. In combination with a hydraulic press a reciprocating fluid pressure motor, comprising a piston, a plurality of connected motor units, means applicable to one of the said units whereby the motive fluid may be admitted upon both sides of its piston at the commencement of its stroke, means whereby it may be exhausted from in front of the said piston after the commencement of its stroke and means to cause the commencement of movement of the said piston and its return, substantially as described.

2. In combination with a hydraulic press a reciprocating fluid pressure motor, comprising a piston, a plurality of connected motor units, means applicable to one of the said units whereby the motive fluid may be admitted upon both sides of its piston at the commencement of its stroke, means whereby it. may be-exhausted from in front of the said piston after the commencement of its stroke, means for again admitting steam in front of the said piston to equalize the pressure upon it in its return movement and means to cause the commencement of movement of the said piston and its return, substantially as described.

3. In combination with a hydraulic press a reciprocating fluid pressure motor, comprising a piston, a plurality of connected motor units, means applicable to one of said units for the constant application of the motive fluid at the rear of its piston, means whereby the motive fluid may be admitted in front of the said piston on the commencement of its forward movement, means whereby the motive fluid may be exhausted from in front of the said piston after the commencement of its forward movement, means whereby the motive fluid may be admitted in position in front of the said piston on its return movement and means to cause the commencement of movement of the said piston and its return, substantially as described.

4. In a hydraulic press, means for effecting the connnencement of movement of the press plunger and means for augmenting the pressure applied upon and by the said plunger for completing the pressing operation, comprising a piston sliding within a closed cylinder, means for admitting the motive fluid on each side of the said piston at the commencement of its stroke, and means thereupon for exhaustin from in front of the said piston only, siibstantially as described.

5. In a hydraulic press, means for effecting the commencement of movement of the press plunger and means for augmenting the pressure applied upon and by the said plunger for completing the pressing operation, comprising a piston sliding within a closed cylinder, means for the constant admission of motive fluid upon the rear of the said piston, means for the admission of steam into position in front of the said piston upon the commencement of its forward stroke, means for exhausting the motive fluid from in front of the said piston after the commencement of its forward stroke, means for again admitting the motive fluid into position in front of the said piston on its return movement, and means for causing the return of the said piston, substantially as described.

6. An apparatus for pressing, comprising a hydraulic press, a piston rod adapted to' carry a plurality of pistons to reciprocate within corresponding cylinders, means for applying fluid pressure upon one or more of the said pistons to effect the forward movement of the said piston rod at the commencement of its stroke, means for applying fluid pressure upon each side'of the remaining piston or pistons, and means for exhausting from in front of the said piston or pistons last referred to after the commencement of the forward stroke,

' and for again admitting motive fluid into position in front of the said piston or pistons on the return movement, and hydraulic means by which the movement of the said piston rod is transmitted to the press plunger, substantially as described.

7. An apparatus for pressing, comprising a hydraulic press, a fluid pressure motor consisting essentially of two parts, one part in which the fluid pressure is admitted at one side of the motor piston to effect the forward movement of the piston red, the second part in which the fluid pressure is admitted at both sides of the motor piston at the commencement of the stroke, means for exhausting from in front of the piston of the second part of the motor after the commencement of the forward stroke, means for transmitting the power developed by the motor to the plunger of the press, and means for returning the motor pistons, substantially as described. 7

8. An apparatus for pressing, comprising a hydraulic press, a reciprocating steam engine comprising a number of cylinders within which slide corresponding pistons mounted upon a common piston rod, means for the admission of steam to the said cylinders behind the said pistons, and means for the admission of steam in front of one or more of the pistons on the forward stroke, means for exhausting steam from in front of the piston or pistons last referred to after the commencement of the forward stroke, positively operating gear to effect the admission and exhaust of steam as aforesaid, means for transmitting the movement of the said piston rod to the press plunger, and means for returning the pistons, substantially as described.

9. An apparatus for pressing, comprising a hydraulic fluid pressure engine, a hydraulic actuating pump operated by the said engine, and a connection between said actuating pump and the cylinder of the main plunger of the press, an'accumulator and means for admitting liquid under pressure from the accumulator to supple' ment the pressure in the cylinder of the main plunger of the press, substantially as described. 7

10. An apparatus for pressing, comprising a hydraulic fluid pressure engine, a hydraulic actuating pump operated by the said engine and a connection between said actuating pump and the cylinder of the main plunger of the press, an accumulator, means for admitting liquid under pressure from the said accumulator to supplement the pressure in the cylinder of the main plunger of the press comprising a valve in position to be operated on an abnormal stroke of the said pump plunger, substantially as described.

11. An apparatus for pressing, comprising a fluid pressure motor, a hydraulic actuating pump operated by said motor, a hydraulicpress, a pipe connection between said pump and the cylinder of the said press, an air receiver in communication with the hydraulic chain comprising the said pump and the cylinder of the press, a feed pump for maintaining liquid Within the said receiver, and hydraulic means for eliecting the return stroke of the said actuating pump, substantially as described.

12. An apparatus for pressing, comprising a fluid pressure motor, a hydraulic actuating pump operated by said motor,

a hydraulic press, a pipe connection between said pump and the cylinder of the said press, an air receiver in communication with the hydraulic chain, comprising the said pump and the cylinder of the said press, a feed pump for maintaining liquid within the said receiver, hydraulic means for efl'ecting the return of the said actuatin pump comprising an accumulator, an means for maintaining the said accumulator filled With liquid and maintaining pressure therein, substantially as described.

London, England, this 11th day of October, 1915.

EDGAR ROUSE SUTCLIFFE. Witnesses:

WILLIAM EDWARD EVANS, SAMUEL GREENBERG.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, I). 0.

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