US1310466A - Explosive - Google Patents
Explosive Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1310466A US1310466A US1310466DA US1310466A US 1310466 A US1310466 A US 1310466A US 1310466D A US1310466D A US 1310466DA US 1310466 A US1310466 A US 1310466A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- magnesium
- silicon
- alloy
- explosive
- alloys
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title description 30
- -1 magnesium-silicon Chemical compound 0.000 description 30
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 28
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 24
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 20
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical class [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium nitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000882 Ca alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910004709 CaSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017639 MgSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Perchlorate Chemical class [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium(0) Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021346 calcium silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;silicon Chemical compound [Ca]=[Si] OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlorate Chemical class [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative Effects 0.000 description 2
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B33/00—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide
- C06B33/04—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide the material being an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
Definitions
- FREDERICK M BECKET, OF NIAGARA FALLS, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR. T ELECTRO METALLURGICAL COMPANY, OF NIAGARA FALLS, N EWYORK, A CORPORATION OF WEST VIRGINIA.
- This invention is an explosive containing as essential components a magnesium-silicon alloy, and an oxidizing agent.
- the oxidizing agent may be ammonium nitrate, or equivalents therefor, including nitrates of the alkali metals, barium and lead, chlorates or perchlorates of the alkali metals including ammonium, or the like, or mixtures thereof.
- magnesium-silicon alloys especially such as contain a prepon- 2 derating proportion of magnesium, possess marked advantages for use in explosives as compared with other silicon-containing substances, such for example as the silicides of calcium and aluminun.
- Typical magnesium-silicon allows for use in accordance with my invention may comprise Silicon l040% Magnesium 50-90% Iron up to 20% The presence of iron in the alloy is not essential, being more or less incidental to the employment, as a convenient material for making the desired alloy, of a high grade ferrosilicon.
- the alloy may be prepared for example by melting metallic magnesium together with ferrosilicon containmg 80- 85% of silicon,the melting being performed 40 under strictly non-oxidizing conditions, and preferably in an electric melting furnace. My invention is not limited, however, to the use of an alloy prepared in this manner.
- The-proportion of oxidizing agent will of course depend upon the particular OX1- dizer used, as well as upon the specific composition of the magnesium-silicon alloy, it being essential only that the OXlCllZlllg agent should be in sufiicient proportion to supply Application filed June 7, 1918 Serial No. 238,755.
- composition conta1n1ng a composition conta1n1ng:
- a primary advantage of the introduction of magnesium into explosive mixtures follows from the great amount of heat liberated in course of its combination with oxygen.
- the magnesium-silicon alloys are sufficiently stable to permit of such use.
- the magnesium-silicon alloys are sharply diiierentiated from such alloys as those of silicon with calcium.
- calcium silicide corresponding substantially to the formula CaSi is a fairly stable compound, but alloys of calcium and silicon containing a materially higher proportion of calcium than the above are comparatively unstable; consequently it has not proven practicable to increase the power of explosive mixtures containing calcium and silicon by increasso ing the calcium content of the alloy component.
- magnesium-silicon alloys which possess a sufiicient degree of stability for the purposes indicated even when the magnesium content is decidedly higher than corresponds to the known silicide MgSi.
- Such compounds irrespective of the presence or absence of iron or other components, may be defined as alloys in which the magnesium is in excess of the equimolecular proportion to the silicon.
- magnesium silicon alloys A further advantage in the use of magnesium silicon alloys arises as follows
- the magnesium component of the alloy requires for its oxidation only about one-half of the oxygen required by the silicon component. It follows from this that the higher the relative proportion of magnesium in the alloy, the larger the permissible proportion of the alloy in the explosive mixture. It is therefore of great advantage in this connection that the magnesium-silicon alloys containing more than the equimolecular proportion of magnesium possess sufficient stability for use in explosive compositions.
- I claim 1 An explosive containing an oxidizing agent and a magnesium-silicon alloy 2.
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
FREDERICK M. BECKET, OF NIAGARA FALLS, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR. T ELECTRO METALLURGICAL COMPANY, OF NIAGARA FALLS, N EWYORK, A CORPORATION OF WEST VIRGINIA.
Patented July 22, 1919.
EXPLOSIVE.
1,310,466, Specification of Letters Patent.
No Drawing.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, FREDERICK M. BECKET, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Niagara Falls, in the county of Niagara and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improve- V ments in Explosives, of which the following is a specification.
This invention is an explosive containing as essential components a magnesium-silicon alloy, and an oxidizing agent. The oxidizing agent may be ammonium nitrate, or equivalents therefor, including nitrates of the alkali metals, barium and lead, chlorates or perchlorates of the alkali metals including ammonium, or the like, or mixtures thereof.
I have found that the magnesium-silicon alloys, especially such as contain a prepon- 2 derating proportion of magnesium, possess marked advantages for use in explosives as compared with other silicon-containing substances, such for example as the silicides of calcium and aluminun. 2 Typical magnesium-silicon allows for use in accordance with my invention may comprise Silicon l040% Magnesium 50-90% Iron up to 20% The presence of iron in the alloy is not essential, being more or less incidental to the employment, as a convenient material for making the desired alloy, of a high grade ferrosilicon. The alloy may be prepared for example by melting metallic magnesium together with ferrosilicon containmg 80- 85% of silicon,the melting being performed 40 under strictly non-oxidizing conditions, and preferably in an electric melting furnace. My invention is not limited, however, to the use of an alloy prepared in this manner.
The-proportion of oxidizing agent will of course depend upon the particular OX1- dizer used, as well as upon the specific composition of the magnesium-silicon alloy, it being essential only that the OXlCllZlllg agent should be in sufiicient proportion to supply Application filed June 7, 1918 Serial No. 238,755.
theoxygen requirements of the explosive reaction. For example I may employ a composition conta1n1ng:
Magnesium silicon alloy 520% Ammonium nitrate 80-95% Other ingredients may of course be introduced Without departing from my invention.
A primary advantage of the introduction of magnesium into explosive mixtures follows from the great amount of heat liberated in course of its combination with oxygen.
hlagnesium metal, however, particularly when very finely subdivided and when existing under the conditions obtaining in the explosive mixture, is somewhat lacking in stability and liable to slow oxidation. I have found on the other hand that the magnesium-silicon alloys are sufficiently stable to permit of such use. In this respect the magnesium-silicon alloys are sharply diiierentiated from such alloys as those of silicon with calcium. For example calcium silicide corresponding substantially to the formula CaSi is a fairly stable compound, but alloys of calcium and silicon containing a materially higher proportion of calcium than the above are comparatively unstable; consequently it has not proven practicable to increase the power of explosive mixtures containing calcium and silicon by increasso ing the calcium content of the alloy component. This does not apply however to the magnesium-silicon alloys, which possess a sufiicient degree of stability for the purposes indicated even when the magnesium content is decidedly higher than corresponds to the known silicide MgSi. Such compounds, irrespective of the presence or absence of iron or other components, may be defined as alloys in which the magnesium is in excess of the equimolecular proportion to the silicon.
A further advantage in the use of magnesium silicon alloys arises as follows The magnesium component of the alloy requires for its oxidation only about one-half of the oxygen required by the silicon component. It follows from this that the higher the relative proportion of magnesium in the alloy, the larger the permissible proportion of the alloy in the explosive mixture. It is therefore of great advantage in this connection that the magnesium-silicon alloys containing more than the equimolecular proportion of magnesium possess sufficient stability for use in explosive compositions.
Other advantages arising from the use of magnesium-silicon alloys in compositions of the kind above indicated follow from the relative lightness of these alloys and from the fact that the alloys are relatively brittle as compared with metallic magnesium, and are hence more easily pulverized to the requisite degree of fineness.
I claim 1. An explosive containing an oxidizing agent and a magnesium-silicon alloy 2. An explosive containing an oxidizing agent and a magnesium-silicon alloy, the magnesium in excess of the equimoleeular proportion to the silicon.
3. An explosive containing ammonium nitrate and a magnesium-silicon alloy.
4:. An explosive containing ammonium nitrate and a niagnesiunrsilicon alloy, the magnesium in excess of the equimolecular proportion to the silicon.
In testimony whereof, I affix my signature.
FREDERICK M. BECKET.
Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1310466A true US1310466A (en) | 1919-07-22 |
Family
ID=3377973
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US1310466D Expired - Lifetime US1310466A (en) | Explosive |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1310466A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2792294A (en) * | 1945-03-07 | 1957-05-14 | Joseph H Mclain | Ignition mixture |
| US3009526A (en) * | 1958-06-27 | 1961-11-21 | Du Pont | Seismic prospecting assembly |
| US3092528A (en) * | 1960-03-23 | 1963-06-04 | Du Pont | Deflagrating composition |
| US3471345A (en) * | 1968-07-01 | 1969-10-07 | Dow Chemical Co | Smoke-producing composition containing lithium perchlorate and a silicon-containing fuel |
-
0
- US US1310466D patent/US1310466A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2792294A (en) * | 1945-03-07 | 1957-05-14 | Joseph H Mclain | Ignition mixture |
| US3009526A (en) * | 1958-06-27 | 1961-11-21 | Du Pont | Seismic prospecting assembly |
| US3092528A (en) * | 1960-03-23 | 1963-06-04 | Du Pont | Deflagrating composition |
| US3471345A (en) * | 1968-07-01 | 1969-10-07 | Dow Chemical Co | Smoke-producing composition containing lithium perchlorate and a silicon-containing fuel |
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