US130855A - Improvement in magneto-electric dial-telegraphs - Google Patents

Description

3Sheets--/Sheetl. JOHNSON & WHITTEMORE.

Improvement in. Magneto Electric Dial-Telegraphs. No. 130,855. Patented Aug. 27.1872.

WITNESSES uwEN'l-Rsl` 3 Sheets--Sheet 2.

JOHNSON-8L WHITTEMORE. Improvement in Magneto Electric Dial-Telegraphs.

Patented Aug.27,1872.

. WITNESS E^S 3Sheets--Sheet3. JOHNSON & WHITTl-INIORE.4 Improvement in Magneto Electric Dial-Telegraphs;` N0. 130,855. v Patented Aug.27,1872.

WITNESSES UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN B. JOHNSON AND HARRISON WHITTEMORE, `OF BOSTON, MASS.

IMPROVEMENT IN MAGNETvO-ELECTRIC DIAL-TELEGRAPHS..

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 130,85 5, dated August 27, 1872.

Specification describing certain Improvements in YMagneto-Electric Dial -Telegraphs,

invented by J OHNB. JOHNSON, of Boston, in the countyof Suiolk andState of Massachusetts, and HARRISON WHITTEMORE, of Boston in the county of Suffolk and State aforesal Nature cmd Objects of om Invention.

Y strikes the bent -lever and raises its opposite' end so as to stop the revolution of the hook (hereafter referred to) and open the circuit at the star When the key is released it returns to its former position. Our invention further relates to the .manner of attaching the case to the base and connecting the wires between these parts; and consists of hooks and springs having bearings upon the same, by means of which the wires are joined when the case is in position, thus allowing the case to be removed without disturbing the wires. It also consists in a sloping circle of keys, which are located ,radially around the dial, its object being to facilitate the operation of selecting the letters and characters to be indicated. Our invention, as a whole, relates to magneto-electric Vdial-telegraph instruments of the step-bystep description, wherein a circle of keys are employed to indicate the letters.

The advantages of this arrangement of the sloping circle of keys are the facility and ease with which it is worked, the operator being enabled to sit at the machine and manipulate the keys and work the treadle at the same time without obstructing his view ofthe dial.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the case; also showing the alphabetical dial, stop-key, and index. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view through the machine and case, as indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 1, w x. Fig. 3 is a top view of the machine, the case and dial bein g removed, showing the hooks and springs, also lower portion of the stop-key. Fig. 4 is a detached view of a polarized electro-magnet and call-bells. Fig. 5 is aview of a portion of a permanent horseshoe -magnet, with poles screwed directly into the ends of the outer bars. Fig. 6 is a section view through the springs and hooks, by which the case is connected to the base and the circuit-wires are joined. Fig. 7 is a section view of the polarized electro-magnet. Fig. Sis a rear-plan view of the transmitter complete, the case being removed, the intermediate bars ofthe permanent horseshoe-magnet being broken away to show the arbor carrying the armature. Fig. 9 is a transverse vertical central section through the same, as indicatedby dotted lines y y, Fig. 8.

The frame I ot' the transmitter is secured to the base W in a position sloping forward, as shown in Fig. 2. Within the lower portion of thisframe we affix a permanent horseshoemagnet, P. We construct this magnet with thick steel bars S S upon the outside, and screw the soft-iron cores T T- of an electromagnet directly into the ends thereof. The intermediate bars R R may be of thinner steel, and more or less in number. Into suitable bearings inthe frame I we affix an arbor, 3', with suitable mechanism for revolving the same. wheel, 4, which gears into a small pinion, 5, upon an arbor, 6, to which is also attached a soft-iron armature, f. To the inner end of ar- .bor 3 is attached a small gear, 8, which gears into the toothed wheel J, which is constructed with a circular gear upon its under side for the purpose. This latter toothed gear-wheel J is attached to an upright arbor, both ends of which have bearings-the bottom in a suitable` step upon the frame I and the upper end in a bearing upon the under side of the dial-plate C, as shown in Figs. 2 and 9. Upon the arbor, immediately above the wheel J, is a projecting arm, L, which carries a hook, K, which engages with the hooked teeth upon the periphery of wheel J. This hook K is held in contact with said teeth by a spring, N, attached to the arm L also, to the opposite side of which is attached a weaker spring, M, and to the end is connected a loop, i, which surrounds the tail l1. of the hook-K. Supported upon standards just above the arm L isa circular ila-t ring, j, surrounding the upright arbor, having an outside diameter somewhat larger than the To this arbor we aix a large gearcircle described by the outer end of the hook K. Through this ring j are drilled thirty holes, (equidistant,) and into these holes are itted the bodies of the keys G so as to slide up and down freely. Surrounding these keys are spiral friction-springs, which have a bearing upon Vthe top of the ringV j. The upper portions or necks of the keys pass through corresponding holes in the dial C, above which they terminate with small heads. These keys may be pressed downward by the operator, so as to bring their lower ends into the path of the collar i surrounding the. tail h of the hook K, and arrest the forward movement of the same by its contact with the lower end of the depressed key, thereby removing the pressure of spring N, by which the hook K is held in contact with the teeth of the revolvin g wheel J. By the continued movement of the arm L the hookK is turned upon its bearin g until the arm L is stopped.- The spring M then throws the hook K away from the wheel J a sufficient distance to prevent its tripping or rattling upon the teeth of the same. The friction contact-bar 9, which eX- tends from the upright arbor referred t0, is kept in close contact with the hub of the carrying-arm L by a friction-spring, r, and, by the rotation of the hub,is held against the stop o; but when the motion of arm L ceases, spring n brings the contact-bar against the stop o. and opens the circuit. The movement of contact-bar 9 is regulated at the outer end by a set-screw passing through stops o or o which project from the top of the hard-rubber insulator 12. This insulator 12 is secured to the under side of the flat ring j, (see Fig. S.) To the stop o is connected the end of the coil surrounding the core of pole T, and to stop o is connected the wire from the coil surrounding thel pole T', which also connects with the circuitwire t at the point u; the other circuit-wire t connecting with the frame I of the transmitter. Attached to the under side of the ring j is a portion of the stop-key, which consists of a bent lever having a broad end, Hf, and the opposite end H anchor-shaped, the body between the two being surrounded by a coiled friction-spring,g, which retains the bent lever in any desired position. Upon supports above the at ring j is attached the circular alphabetical dial C, which has arranged around it the twenty-six letters of the alphabet, abbreviations, and at the top an asterisk. At the top right-hand of the circle of keys B is a similar key7 G. This key G' is. attached to the cover A, and when depressed its lower end strikes the broad end H ofthe bent lever and brings its opposite end H in contact with the revolving hook K and opens the circuit at the asterisk or star-key, and stops the hands of the receivers (hereafter described) at that point, in which position messages may be received from a distant station. To thebase W ofthe transmitter is attached the case, having' a sloping cover, A, corresponding t6 the slope of the transmitter. Said case is provided with a circular opening corresponding with the dial C, and surrounds the circle of keys B which project above the same when in position. This case is connected to the said base W by means of hooks E E', which lock under plates upon the base. Upon the inner side of the case, near the bottom, are attached springs F F', whose free ends have a bearing upon the plates of hooks E E on base W. To thc fixed ends of springs F F are soldered the circuit-wires t t, and to the plates of hooks E E are soldered the wires t. tl, thus connecting the circuit between the wires upon the case and those upon the base W. To the sloping cover A of the case is attached the receiver D, which has a peculiarly-constructed polarized electro-magnet, U, with poles V V1. The bar of the magnet has parallel arms of nearly equal length, to the longer one of which is attached the poles V V1, which extend across to near the shorter arm, where they terminate in iron caps. An arbor, having apivoted bearin g at its lower end, extends across from the longer arm to the shorter, where it is also journ aled, and from this arbor extends a very short light tongue, which rapidly vibra tes between the iron caps on poles V V1. To this tongue is connected a short arm with pin-pallets y, which propel the wheel d by pressing against the unequal sides of the teeth of said wheel. The teeth are V-shaped, and fifteen in number. This wheel is attached to an axis carrying the index-hand e. This axis is pivoted in a step at its lower end, and its upper end is journaled in the dial, over which the index-hand e revolves, and to which the hand is connected. To prevent the momentum of the index-hand from turning the axis to which it is connected, a small frictionspring, Z, is attached, so as to have a slight bearing upon the saine.` To the rear of the case is attached the alarm or call bells Q Q. These call-bells are operated by a magnet exactly similar to the above-described polarized electro-magnet U3, with poles V3 V3. To its short vibrating arm is attached the wire a, terminating in a loop, c, which surrounds the wire carrying the hammer b. This hammer b is suspended between and in close proximity to the bells, and receives its motion from the short vibrating arm.

Operation of our Invention.

this dial-plate are marked the twenty-six letters of the alphabet, several abbreviations, and at the top an asterisk; these are arranged around the circumference of the dial, making thirty divisions, or one for each key. Also,

upon the top of the case is the corresponding small dial of the receiver, which is exactly similar to the dial of the transmitter. This dial has a small indexhand or pointer turning with an axis through the center of said dial, and rotating in connection with the armature, which may be arrested at any letter by depressing one of the keys. Inside the case is the fixed permanent horseshoe magnet, placed horizontally, carrying on its poles four softiron cylindrical cores with their coils of wire, arranged at equal distances from each other in the circumference of a circle. On the arbor passing through the center of this circle, in connection with the crank or driving mechanism, revolves the soft-iron armature. When the armature revolves, therefore, it` approaches one pole as it recedes from the one opposite, and thus induces simultaneously currents in the four coils. When a key is pressed down in the transmitter it arrests the index hand or pointer of the receiver at the letter corresponding with the one at the depressed key; this action of the depressed key opens the circuit at that letter. This is done by the arm attaehed to the arbor, which arm revolvesunderneath the dial, coming in contact with the lower end of the depressed key. Motion is imparted to the arbor carrying the arm by the gear-wheels, which engage withapinion fixed to the arbor carrying 'the armature of the electro-magnet. The proportions are so adjusted that, for every current induced in the coils,

' the arm shall advance the distance of one letter on the dial. If, therefore, the arm start freely from the star, when the armature is in motion, and any key, as D for an example, be depressed, the rotation of the armature prod uces alternate electric waves while the arm 'alluded to is divided into thirty equal spaces,

exactly similar to the dial of the transmitter. On an axis in its center is a pointer, to which motion is given by a small wheel, which has fifteen unequal-sided teeth, which is carried by a short arm with pin-pallets. This arm is connected to the end of a very short vibrating tongue, which lies between the caps of two small electro-magnet coils; the latter exercise mutual attraction and repulsion on the tongue as the positive and negative currents alternate, andthereby cause rapid vibrations ofthe same. The pin-pallets at the end .of the vibrating tongue work to and fro and strike against the teeth upon opposite sides of the wheel, and thereby rotate the s ame. The electrical connections of all the coils of the transmitterand receiver are connected up in a common circuit. When the armature of the transmitter is revolved and the carrier-arm' is free to move around beneath the circle of keys and dial, currents alternately positive and negative traverse the line at every letter which the arm passes beneath, moving the pointer-hand of-the receiver correspondingly; but as soon as the carrier-arm is arrested -by coming in contact with the depressed key the circuit is opened. The hands of the receivers therefore stand still upon the same place upon the dials until the key is released and the circuit closed by the contact-bar. At the side of the transmitter a switch is arranged, which, when placed .upon a button, brings the alarm into circuit,

the receiver being thrown out 5 but when 'moved upon the opposite button, the alarm or tric dial-telegraph, of a sloping circle of keys,

B, arranged radially around acorresponding `sloping alphabetical dial O.

JOHN B. JOHNSON. HARRISON WHITTEMOBE. Witnesses:

SYLvENUs WALKER, GEORGE E. CARTER.

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