US1295147A

US1295147A - Process for making piston-rings.

Info

Publication number: US1295147A
Application number: US17310117A
Authority: US
Inventors: John Flammang
Original assignee: INLAND MACHINE WORKS
Current assignee: INLAND MACHINE WORKS
Priority date: 1917-06-06
Filing date: 1917-06-06
Publication date: 1919-02-25
Anticipated expiration: 1936-02-25

Description

J. FLAMIVIANG.

PROCESS FOR MAKING PISTON RINGS.

APPLICATlON FILED JUNEG. 1917.

1,295,1{k7 Patented Feb. 25, 1919.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN FLAMMANG, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR T0 INLAND MACHINE WORKS, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION OF MISSOURI.

PROCESS FOR MAKING PISTON-RINGS.

Specification 01 Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 25, 1919.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN FLAMMANG, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of St. Louis and State of'Missouri, have invented a new and useful Process for Making Piston-Rings, of which the following-is a specification.

This invention relates to the art of manufacturing piston rings, and it consists in the novel method of procedure in manufacturing piston rings in order to characterize them so that when applied to use within a cylinder the overlapping portions of the rings will form a perfect seal, and the pressure of the rings against the cylinder will be properly distributed and apportione throughout their circumference.

An object of the invention is to provide a novel process for use in the art of manufacturing piston rings, whereby rings are produced by subjecting split rings having overlapping end portions to torsional action whereby they will be pressed together by the initial resiliency of the metal, and finishing the ring after inversion of the overlapping ends thereof.

Another object of the invention is to provide aprocess for use in the art of manufacturing pistonrings consisting in subjecting split rings having overlapping end portions to torsional action whereby they are pressed together by the initial resiliency of the metal, and then changing the shape of the ring to give the greater portion thereofa concentric shape and leaving portions of the overlapping ends thereon of smaller radii of curvature than the remaining portions of the ring, so that ,when the ring is compressed within a cylinder ofthe size for which it is intended it will impart, against the cylinder wall a uniform pressure all around without' variation in the pressure, as in the case of rings ofusual construction.

Other objects will appear from the follow-' ing description, without specific mention thereof.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrat ing a ring in the different stages of its manufacture,

Figure l is an elevation looking toward the periphery of an annular casting from which the ring is manufactured.

Fig. 2 is an elevation looking toward the I periphery of the casting after it has been out or split for a considerable portion of its circumference to provide overlapping end portions.

Fig. 3 is an elevation looking toward'the periphery of the ring before being expanded,-

showing the overlappingend portions of F1g. 2 inverted on opposite sides of each other from their original positions.

Fig. 4 is an elevation looking toward the periphery of an annular casting split or cut to provide "overlapping end portions. of uniform width throughout their length, thus differing from the construction shown in Fig. 2 in which the overlapping end portions are tapered. I

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the ring before being expanded and having the end portions thereof set upon shorter radii of curvature'than the remaining portions of the expanded ring. I

Fin. 6 is a view illustrating the ring upon an expanding arbor by which the shape of the ring is changed so that the end portions thereof are on shorter radii of curvature than the remaining portions of the ring.

Fig. 7 is a view of the ring detached from ing the shape of the finished ring.

Fig. 8 is'a view illustrating the ring compressed 'within a cylinder ofthe size for which it is intended.

In Fig. 1 there is'illustrated an annular casting consisting of two integrally united ofl'set portions. At the point of union there is formed'at one side a beveled shoulder 1 and on the opposite edge a beveled shoulder 2 which, in the finished form of the ring at least and preferably in its initial stage, matches the shoulder 1 so that when the ring blank is split and the overlapping ends thereof are inverted the shoulder 1 willextend within or under the shoulder 2 and thus limit outward expansion of the end portion containing the shoulder 1.

.The ring blank also includes at another portion of its circumference a beveled shoulder 3 and On the opposite edge a beveled shoulder 4 which, in the finished form of the ring at least and preferably in its initial stage, matches the shoulder 3.

clearly illustrated in Fig. 2, in which the slot 5 extends spirally from the shoulder 1 to the shoulder 4:, thus forming two overlapping tapered end portions separatedby the width of the slot 5. However, it is not essential that the overlapping end portions be tapered and they may be made of uniform width throughout their length if desired. In Fig. 41 have illustrated a ring blank precisely similar to the ring blank shown in Fig. 2, with the exception that the overlapping end portions thereof are of unlform thickness throughout their length. Since this is the only particular in which the ring blank illustrated in Fig. 4 differs from the one illustrated in Fig. 2, the same reference characters are applied to both views of the 1 drawing. i

'. The next step in the manufacture of the ring consistsin twisting or inverting the ring blank to place the overlapping ends thereof on opposite sides from their initial positions so that they will be pressed togethe'r by the resiliency of the metal. The ring blank thus twisted or inverted is illus trated in Fig. 3', which also illustrates the 'ring blank after it has been dressed or faced .ofi' preparatory to being expanded for the purpose of giving it the shape of the finished ring. Fig, 5 illustrates the ring blank of Fig. 3. in side elevation, showing the shoulders I and 4 extending under or within the shoulders 2 and 3.

The ring blank is then placed upon an expanding arbor, as illustrated in Fig. 6, by which uniform radial pressures are applied 'to portions of the ring, but which leaves the extremities of the overlapping portions of .the ring curving on shorter radii of curvature than the remaining portions of the ring. While the extremities of the overlapping portions of the ring are somewhat modified they remain nevertheless upon approximately the same radii'of curvature as they were originally, which is approximately the proper radii of curvature for a'piston and cyllnder of the size for which the ring is constructed. While upon the expanding arbor, the ring is subjected to heat orother- .wise treated to set the metal in its changed shape so that when the ring is removed from the arbor it will retain the shape given it thereby, in which the extremities of the overlappm portions of the ring are upon shorter r a ii of curvature than the remaining portions of the ring, the said shorter ;radii of curvature being approximately the --radii of curvature of the cylinder for which the rln .claims.

and 3, or of uniform width throughout their length as illustrated in Fig. 4. The ring illustrated in Fig. 7 is the finished ring and is ready to be applied to a piston and placed within the cylinder. When the ring is placed within the cylinder it is compressed to approximately the dimensions illustrated in Fig, 5, as will be clearly understood by reference to Fig. 8, in which the finished ring is illustrated upon the piston and within the cylinder.

From the foregoingit will be understood that I have p-rovlded a simple and inexpensive procedure for constructing a ring, so that the overlapping portions thereof will be pressed together by the inherent resiliency of y the metal without changing the molecular construction by heat or other treatment. The variation in .the radii of curvature of the overlapping portions of the ring may be effected otherwise than by the specific treatmentdescribed, as, for instance,

by peening, or by hammering, though I have found in practice that the mode described is highly satisfactory.

It is apparent that the order of the different operations may be" varied and that the ring may be set in its expanded shape to vary the radii ofcurvature before the ring blank has been twisted or faced off to the form illustrated in' Fig. Obviously, the

twisting or inversion of the ring to place the overlapping ends thereof on opposite sides from their initial positions, so that Y they will be pressed together by the inherent resiliency of the metal, may be effected after removal from the expanding arbor instead of before being placed upon the, arbor.

There are other variations which will be readily apparent to those skilled'in the art to which this invention relates, and which do not require specific mentionbut which I are clearly within'the scope of my present Therefore, I do not. confine myself to any s ecific order in which the operations are per ormed,-but what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. The process of forming a piston ring with overlapping end portions pressed together by the initial resiliency of the metal, which comprises splitting a ring on a cute):-

tending circumferentially to provide the.

overlapping end portions, inverting the overlapping end portions to place them on opposite sides of each otherf'rom their original positions, and finishing the ring While;

the overlapping end portions are on opposite sides of each other from their original positions and are pressed together by the initial resiliency ofthe metal.

2. The process of forming a piston ring having overlapping end portions, which comprises splitting 'a solid ring in a cut extending circumferentially to provide overlapping end portions, inverting the split ring thereby formed to place the overlapping end portions on opposite sides of each other from their original positions, and facing off the ring while the overlapping ends thereof are inverted and are pressed together by the initial resiliency of the metal to form parallel side walls on the ring.

3. The process of forming a piston ring having overlapping end portions, which comprises splitting a solid ring in a long out extending circumferentially, inverting the split ring to place the overlapping end portions thereof on opposite sides of each other from their original positions, facing off the ring in its inverted position to form parallel side walls, and expanding the ring to a size in excess of the cylinder for which it is intended.

4. The process of forming a piston ring expanded to a size inexcess of the cylinder for which it is intended and having overlapping end portions, Which comprises invertlng the overlapping end portions to place them on opposite sides of each other from their original positions, whereby they will be pressed together throughout their length by the initial resiliency of the metal, and facing oil the side edges of the ring while the overlapping ends thereof are inverted from their original positions and pressed together by the initial resiliency of the metal to form parallel side Walls of the ring.

5. The process of forming a piston ring having overlapping end ortions, which comprises splitting a solid rlng in a long cut extendin circumferentially, invertin the overlapping end portions formed there y to place them upon opposite sides of each other from their original positions, and forming for the ring in its inverted form. a

6. The process of forming a piston rin having overlapping end portions, Whic comprises splitting a solid ring in along .cut extending circumferentially to form the verlapping end portions, inverting the overlapping end portions to place themon opposite sides of each other from their original positions, expanding the rin by the application' of radial pressure ereto, and thereafter-treating the ring to set the material thereof to cause'it to retain said expanded form. v H

7. The process of forming a piston ring, which consists in splitting a solid ring circumferentially to form overlapping" and portions, twisting the ring to place the overlapping end portions on opposite'sides of each other from their original positions, 7

parallel side walls for the ring, while t e overlapping ends thereof are informin lapping end Verted as aforesaid, expanding the ring to a size in excess of the cylinder for which it is intended, while leaving the extremities of the overlapping portions on shorter radii of curvature than the remaining portions of the ring, and treating the ring to setthe material thereof in its expanded form.

8. The process of forming a piston ring, which consists in splitting a ring circumferentially for a portion of its circumference to provide overlapping end portions, inverting the overlapping end portions to place them on opposite sldes of each other from their original positions, expanding the ring by the application of uniform. radial pres; sures thereto, leaving the end portions of the ring upon shorter radii of curvature than the remaining portions of the expanded ring, and exposing the ring to the action of heat to set the material thereof in the overlapping end portions, inverting the overportions to place them on opposite sides of each other from their original positions, forming parallel side walls upon the ring while the overlapping ends thereof are inverted as aforesaid, expanding the greaterportion of the ringto a size in excess of the cylinder for which it is intended while the extremities of the overlap ping portions remainupon shorter radii of curvature than the remaining portions of the ring, and treatin the ring to set the metal thereofin the s ape aforesaid.

10. The process of forming a piston ring having overlapping end portions, which comprises splitting a solid ring in a cut extending circumferentially to provide the ,overlapping end-portions, inverting the split rin thereby formed to place the overlapping en portions on opposite sides of each other from their original positions, expanding the ring by the application of radial pressure thereto untilthe greater portion of the ring is upon radii of curvature in excess of the radii of curvature of the cylinder for which the ring is intended leaving the end portions of the ring upon' shorter radii of curvature 1 than the remaining portions, treating the --ring to set thematerial thereof in the form aforesaid, and facing off the side edges of the. rin' while the end portions'thereof are invert from their original positions to form parallel side walls.

In witness whereof, I have signed this specification. 1

p FLAMMANG.