US1293877A - Firearm. - Google Patents

Description

c. A, NELSON.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED IULY 17, 19|?. Y

Patented Feb. 11, 1919.`

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

Arme/vn.

C. A. NELSON.

FIREARM.

APPLlcATloN FILED 1uLY11.19|

Patented Feb. 11, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHED 2.

VArmen/'Ew ms nanars UNITED STATES PATENT FFCF.

CHARLES A. NELSON, 0E UTICA, NEvvsroR'innesta-Norv 'ro SAvaG-E CORPORA- rIoN, or UTIcA, `NEW YORK, A coRPoRATIoN 0E NEW YORK EIREARM Specification of Letters Patent.

. Patented Feb. 11, 1919.

Application med Juiy 17, 1917. serial No. 181,066.

To 'all whom t may concern.'

Be it known thaty I, CHARLES A. NELSON, a citizen ofthe United States, residing at Utica, in the county of Oneida and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Firearms, of which the following is a specification.

In magazine guns of the class wherein the ymagazine feed is in a direction transverse of the barrels axis, as vertically or substantially so, it is frequently desirable that the cartridges be fed in one by one by hand. This invention therefore consists in a novel adapter or dummy magazine whereby a gun of the class indicated and provided with a cavity to which a magazine might be fitted and with an opening for the ejection f the spent shells may be used as a single-loader, the adapter or dummy magazine being so constructed as to favor the convenient and quick-hand-introduction of t'he cartridges into the gun, to insure their being held in the gun in proper position `for advancement by the bolt into the breech-chamber without obstruction or undue mutilation thereof, and to permit their withdrawal from the breech-chamber and ejection without jamming. The inventioncontemplates particularly magazine guns adapted for the use of rim cartridges, and since in such guns the underneath face of the breech-bolt is more or less below the lowest horizontal plane of the breech-chamber, I form the dummy maga'zine or adapter in order to support the cartridge for advancement into rthe breechchamber without obstruction So that the ycartridge stands with its bullet end or nose up-tilted in more or less exact registry with the mouth of said chamber and the rear end of the cartridge-supporting seat of the dummy magazine or adapterenough below the breech-bolt to permit the latter to action without obstruction, the seat-portion of said dummy magazine being spring-upheld and adapted to yield downward out of the way of the breech-bolt when the latter is moved forward. Said seat is further channeled or recessed in the longitudinal direction so as to resist the rolling-out of the cartridge after it has been introduced and before breeching; and at its forward portion and on the inside it has a lateral wing 'or upstanding 4cheek or side support to keep the bullet-end of the cartridge true (against lateral displacement) to the mouth of the breech-chamber until the breeching operation has advanced the cartridge more or less into said chamber.

The accompanying drawings fully illustrate my invention,

Figure 1 showing the breech part of a gun of the type indicated n longitudinal` section, with the adapter or dummy magazine in place and a cartridge in position for breeching;

Fig. 2 is a similar view on a larger scale, the cartridge being shown partly breeched;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view on line 34-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. l is a side elevation of the adapter as a whole, and Figs. 5 and 6 are plan views of the upper or movable member and lower or base member, respectively, of the same;

Fig. 7 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of the adapter;

Fig. 8 a transverse sectional view thereof on line 7-7, Fig. 4, with the spring removed; and

Fig. 9 is a plan view of the attaching plate of the base member.

The gun shown by way of illustration is similar to that set forth in my Patent No. 1,168,026. a is the barrel extended rearwardly to form the breech-casing b; c the breec -chamber; d the space immediately back ofthe same in which the cartridge is held in position for'advancement into said chamber and into which the spent shell is withdrawn on ej ecting; 7 the vertical opening adapted to receive the magazine box and in the present instance containing the improved dummy magazine, the same being formed in the stock g and breech casing b and leading to the space d; k (Fig. 3) theejecting opening, formedy laterally in the breech-casing and also leading to said space d, the same in the present case being also employed for introducing Vthe cartridges one by one by hand; 'z" and i the rear or non-rotary and the forward or rotary members, respectively, of the breech-bolt, the former having an operating handle movable in the slot y' and the latter a depending rib 7c yadapted to engage the upwardly spring-pressed platform of the magazine box (when present) and be blocked thereby against forward movement when the last cartridge has been fired, said breech-bolt extending below the lowest horizontal plane of the breech-chamber c; l the extractor on the forward end of the breechbolt; `and the ejector cooperative with the extractor in the well-known way to ej ect the lspent shell through opening h.

. as follows: There are two members, one telef movable member.

scoped into the other, and a'spring to hold kthe upper or movable member normally elevated relatively to the lower or base member. The base member has a basal or attaching part n consisting of a flattened tube having an opening o cut in one Wall thereofl from one end thereof toward butv notV to the othery end thereof, the opening o being somewhat narrower than the part n and thus leavingY inwardly facing grooves p at both sides thereof. An upstanding tubular Vshell g, lshaped in cross section the same as said opening, is fitted there'-Y into at its lower end and has lateral outwardly turned flanges rwhich are received inthe grooves p, the material forming the grooves being compressed so that the flanges are permanently gripped and held by,v ther basal part n. lNear the topv of shellg each side wall thereof has a part s cut out and bent inward to form a stop. i

The upper orLmovable-memberfisalso a shell,'t, of the same cross-sectionalshapeA as and adapted to t snugly, but so as' to move freely up and down in the shell g, its side walls having lopenings u which receive'the stops s and said wall thereby coactingV therewith to limit the 'upward movement of the The shell t is closed at the top, to wit, by a wall 'v which is thus preferably arranged and formed: Said wall slopes upward from left kto right" inthe drawings and it is channeled longitudinally,

its inner side being elevated at all points above itsouter side and gradually rising toward the right to a point near the righthand end of said wall, where' it slopes sud'- denly downward. At thepoint o of greatest eminence wall o forms a cheek orl side ysupport orabutment for the bullet or nose end of the cartridge.

Y The spring,A w, may

, of spiral spring; Vitis housed in the shells Q and t. and interposed, more or less compressed, between the wall v and the part n of the base'member. f f Y y 'Y I do not'v'wish to be limited'to the movability of the upper or movable member being rectilinear, as in the telescopic arrangement herein described by way of illustration.

. The dummy magazine as thus'constructed is fitted into the opening y"r of the gun as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, being therein held by a screw :i: passed. through a hole y in the forwardlyproj ecting yportion z of the basal partY n of the base member. When thus positioned the slope of wall/v, which forms the car:

Gli bottom'or lowesthorizontalV plane oflthe b e any suitablel form'V chamber c whilev at'its rear end saidseat is below and adapted to be overridden by the breech-bolt -when the Vsame is advanced (see Figs. 2 and S), the movable member of the dummy magazine being held to maintain rsaid wall in this position by the counter-mfluences of the stops s and spring lw.

The outer side of wall o is low eno-ugh to permit the cartridge to be introduced readily by hand, but it vnevertheless serves to retain the cartridge-when once entered, at least unless the gun is canted considerably tothe right (the ejecting opening h being in the present instance,`as usual, on the of the gun). The inner side o of wall v coacts with the outer side thereof to prevent lateral rolling of the entered cartridge, its eminence or side stop o keeping the nose of the cartridge in true registry with the chamber c, c'. e., against inward lateral movement and consequent mutilation when the cartridge is advanced into said chamber. kThe described slope of wall lv, while bringing the nose vertically in registry with the chamber c permits the breech-bolt when advanced to able member of the dummyv magazine' so that the bolt may accomplish lits complete for-.

ward or breeching movement. When the shell is extracted after firing the slope at the right of the eminence o in Fig. 7 allows the rim'of the cartridge tomove back without* interference. rlhe slopev downward `from said eminence to the left'obviously leaves the' ejector fully `exposed so as to properly function with the extractor,`when the Yshell is ready to be ejected. Having thus fullyjdescribed my invention,

what I claim as new and desire to secure by' Letters Patent is 1. In a gun, the combination, with the linear up and down movement and having at its top a forwardly and upwardly inclined breech-bolt' camming-down surface lower at the reary than and adapted to be overridden and cammed downby theadvancing breechbolt and forminga cartridge seat.

Y 2. In a gun, the'comblnation, with the breech-including part thereof having a breech-chamber, a cartridge-receiving space back of and. adjoiningther breech-chamber' and an yopening extending upwardly to said space, and with avbreech-bolt, ofmeans in' said opening for supporting a vcartridgev ahead of the retracted bolt including telescoped members, one being a spring-upheld right side ride up on and cam down the upper ormov# cartridge-supporting member downwardly depressible in the other and having at its top a forwardly and upwardly inclined breech-bolt camming-down surface lower at the rear than, and adapted to be overridden by, the advancing breech-bolt and forming a cartridge-seat.

3. In a gun, the combination, with the breech-including part thereof having a breech-chamber, a cartridge-receiving space back of and adjoining the breech-chamber, and an opening extending upwardly to said space and also a lateral opening leading to said space, and with a breech-bolt extending below the lowest horizontal plane of the breech-chamber, means tted in the first opening for supporting a cartridge ahead of the retracted bolt, said means having a spring-upheld downwardly depressible cartridge-supporting seat formed with its forward portion elevated to about the level of said plane, whereby to support the oartrid e with its nose in registry with the breec chamber, and with its rear portion below and adapted to be overridden Iby the advancing breech-bolt, said means having opposite said lateral opening and at the relatively inner side of the forward part of said seat an upstanding side-support for the cartridge.

In testimony whereof I alflx my signature.

CHARLES A. NELSON.

copies of this patent may bo obtained tor ave cents eeoh, by addressing the Commissioner o! Potente, Washington. D. C.

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