US1283179A - Hydraulic mechanism and valve for same. - Google Patents

Description

F. HENNEBUHLE.

HYDRAULIC MECHANISM AND VALVE FOR SAME.

APPLICATION mzo mmzl, 1911.

13831179 Patented 001; 29,1918.

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HYDRAULIC MECHANISM AND VALVE FOR SAME.

APPLICATION man munzlflsn.

1,283,179. Patented 00th 29,1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- FRANK HENNEBCiI-ILE, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

HYDRAULIC MECHANISM AND VALVE FOR SAME.

Patented Get. 29, 1918.

Application filed March 21, 1917. Serial No. 156,264.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, FRANK HENNE-3 BoHLE, citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Mechanism and Valves for Same, and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to piston-actuated reciprocating -mechanisms, its general objects being to provide unusually simple and effective means for controlling such a mechanism and for cushioning the action of the same. In operating open-hearth furnaces, it has long been customary to control the supply of air and of gas to each furnace by valves of large dimensions controlled by hydraulically operated pistons, but it has heretofore been difficult to secure the desired iomng. Moreover, the means for affording this retarding or cushioning have heretofore included auxiliary piston-actuated mechanisms, thereby increasing the cost of installing such arrangements and the upkeep of the same.

My invention aims to overcome these objections with a pair of pistons jointly connected to an operating mechanism, by utilizing each piston for controlling the means for retarding the other piston, by substituting a new and simple type of throttling valve for the separate valve and by-pass arrangements heretofore used, by providing simple means for regulating the amount of the throttling even when themechanism is in operation, and for normally concealing the regulating means so as to avoid a tampering with the latter. My invention also aims to employ a novel and leakage-proof fourrway valve for controlling the fluid which moves the two pistons in either direction, thereby preventing a creeping of the pistons from their desired positions, and to employ an unusually simple system of piping in this connection. Still other ob- ]ects will appear from the following specification and from the accompanying drawings, in which drawings Figure 1 is a diagram showing the application of my invention,

Fig. 2 is a central vertical section through one of the throttling valves of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a view of one end of the plunger of Fig. 2, taken from the line 33.

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section through the four-way or control valve included in my invention.-

Fig. 5 is a central section through the same, taken along the line 55 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a transverse section through the same, taken along the line 6-6 of Fig. 5.

In theembodiment of the drawings, the lever 1 is connected by piston rods 2 and 2 to pistons 3 and 3* disposed respectively in cylinders l and 1, so that the forcible movement of either piston in one direction will not only move the lever 1 but will also move the other piston. Each cylinder is connected near its rear end to an inlet pipe, and each has an outlet pipe connected to it at a distance farther from the head of the cylinder than the thickness of the piston housed by this cylinder. Both of the entrance pipes 9 and 10 lead to a four-way valve 12, by means of which these pipes may be alternately connected to a fluid supply pipe 13 and an exhaust pipe 14:. Mounted in each of the pipes 9 and 10 is a throttling valve, desirably of the type hereafter described, which valve has a side opening connected by a separate pipe to the outlet pipe associated with one of the cylinders. Thus, the valve 7 disposed in the pipe 9 leading into the cylinder 1 near the rear end of the latter has a side opening connected by a pipe 11 to a side outlet 5 in the other cylinder 4. Likewise, the side outlet 5 in the cylinder 4 is connected by a pipe 8 to the side opening in a valve 6 disposed in the pipe 10 which leads from the rear end of the cylinder 4 to the four-way valve ,12.

Each of the valves 6 and 7 desirably consists of a body member 15 having oppositely disposed threaded ends and having at one side an outlet bushing 16 which serves as a guide for a plunger or valve member. This plunger (in the embodiment of Fig. 2)

consists of a portion 17 slidably fitting the of which stem is connected to transverse bores 23 leading to the valve chamber above the said seat. Threaded upon the valve body 15 is a screw 24 having a tapering tip designed to enter and almost close the bore of the tubular stem 20 when the plunger of the valve is seated as in Fig. 2. With the valve constructed as in Fig. 2, fluid entering the righthand threaded end will move the plunger off its seat, and since the head 17 of the plunger is greater in area than the head 19, the pressures on these heads will act difl'erentially to hold the head 19 of the plunger away from the seat 22, thereby permitting fluid to pass between the guides 20 and through the main bore of the valve body. However, owing to the comparatively small difference in size between the heads 17 and 19, the plunger will be almost in a balanced condition, so that it will only require a slight pressure of fluid through the bushing 16 to return the plunger to its seated position, in which position the main ends of the valve body are connected only through the restricted passage comprising the bores 23, the bore of the stem 20, and the space between the latter stem and the tip of the screw 24.

In operation, if the lever 1 is to be moved toward the left, the four-way valve 12 is thrown to the position shown in Fig. 1, thereby connecting the fluid supply pipe 13 through the pipe 10 with the rear of the cylinder 4, while the rear of the cylinder 4 is connected through the pipe 9 to the exhaust pipe 14. The pressure of the fluid behind the piston 3-will then move the latter toward the left, while the valve 6 will be opened to its maximum capacity by the pressure of the fluid passing through it. The forward heads of both cylinders desirably have openings 26 leading to the outer air, so that the piston 3 meets with no appreciable resistance in its forward movement, while the piston 3 forces the fluid in the cylinder 4 through the pipe 9 and the valve 7 into the exhaust duct 14. During this latter action, the valve 7 is also open to its maximum capacity, since the throttling plunger on its outer side is connected by the pipe 11 with the forward or air-containing end of the cylinder 4 However, as soon as the piston 3 has passed the port 5, the actuating fluid will also enter the pipe 11, and by acting on the nut end of the plunger-17 in the valve 7 will move this plunger to its throttling position. Then, the further exit of the fluid in the rear of the cylinder 4 will be checked by the slowness with which this fluid can pass through the throttlin valve 7 thereby cushioning the further or nal portion of the piston movement. I

It will be obvious from the drawings that by turning the valve 12 to its opposite position, the pipe connections will. be reversed and the piston system will be moved in the opposite direction, and that the final movementof the pistons will then be retarded by the throttling valve 6, the plunger of the latter being moved to its throttling position by fluid from the cylinder 4 as soon as the piston 3 has passed the port 5. Consequently, my simple mechanism enables me to secure a positive movement of the piston system in either direction and to insure the cushioning or retarding of the movements toward the close of each stroke. This cushioning or retardation will depend in its extent on the size of the opening between the tubular stem 20 and each throttling valve and the tip of the screw 24, hence the amount of the throttling can be regulated by moving this screw in or out. This adjusting can easily be done from the outside of the valve after removing the cap 25,. regardless of whether or not the mechanism is in operation, yet the replacing of the cap 25 effectively conceals the adjusting screw and obviates the tampering which has proven so serious with the hand-controlled throttling valves used as auxiliaries to the much more complicated mechanisms heretofore used for the same purpose.

However, while I have indicated a fourway valve of conventional type in the diagram of Fig. 1, it will be obvious from this same valve diagram that any leakage of fluid around the periphery of the valve member may seriously affect the stability of the mechanism, in that it may permit a creeping of the pistons from their desired positions. Consequently, a valve in which there can be no such creeping and in which the outlet and exit passages are not separated merely by abutting elements liable to have a crevice between them connecting such passages, is essential to the successful operation of my piston-actuated mechanism and to the proper action of my throttling valves in connection with the latter. My invention therefore includes a control valve in which the closures do not depend on friction fits between relatively slidable elements, but are formed by the seating of valve parts on ground seats, and in which positive means are provided for locking the valve elements in certain positions. For this purpose, 1 preferably provide a valve body 27 (hi s. 4 and 5) threadedly connected at two si es to pipes 9 and 10, respectively, and at another side to an inlet pipe' 13. The latter pipe leads to a chamber 28 interposed between walls separating this chamber from chambers into which the pipes 9 and. 10 respectively open, these Walls being provided within the latter chambers with seats bordering alined perforations. Extending through the said alined perforations is a movable valve member consisting of a pair of disks or heads 29 and 30 fast upon a stem 31 and with guide Webs 32 extendinglengthwise of the stem between the disks,"and with other guide webs 33 and 34 extending from the opposite faces of said disksdiito' end chambers 35 both connected to an exhaust pipe 14. The upper end of the stem 31 is connected to a lever 36 rockin ly mounted on the end of a link 37 which latter is pivoted to the valve body. Pivoted also at or near the juncture of the link 37 with the rocking lever 36 is a weighted arm-38 having lugs 39 adapted respectively to engage portions of the rocking arm 36 at opposite sides of its fulcrum 40. I With the parts in the position of Figs. 4: and 5, the weight on the arm 38, through one of the lugs 39, acts on the rockinglever 36, thereby forcibly holding the movable valve member in the raised position in which pipe 9 connects with pipe 13, while pipe 10 connects through the chamber 35 with pipe 14. Likewise, if the weighted arm 38 were thrown to the left, the left-hand -lug ;39

would engage the rocking lever 36, thereby depressing the valve member and holding 'the disks 29 and 30 respectively on the other pair of seats. This would connect pipes 9 and 14, and pipes 10 and '13 respectively,

thereby operatively reversing the pistonactuated mechanism. In either case, the weight on the arm 38, acting toone side of the fulcrum 40, will positively hold the valve member in its desired position, and the use of ground seating valves will insure tight closures, so that all creeping of the pistons from their desired position is avoided. To facilitate construction, I preferably guide the webs 33 and 34 in bushings detachable from the main portion of the valve body.

However, I do not wish to be limited to this .or other details of the construction and arrangement here disclosed, since the same might obviously be altered in many ways without departing from the spirit of my invention.

I i claim as my invention:

'1f.' Piston-actuated mechanism, including a pair of operatively alined cylinders, interconnected pistons in the respective cylinders, pipes connecting the rear ends of the cylinders respectively with a fluid under.

pressure and with an exhaust passage, and throttling means in each pipe s ject to the pressure of the actuating fluid in the op-- posite cylinder.

2. Piston-actuated mechanism, including a pair of operatively alined cylinders, interconnected pistons in the respective cylinders, ducts leading. respectively from the rear ends of the cylinders, means for alternately passage through the valve,

connecting said ducts to exhaust and fluidsupply passages, a throttling valve-in each duct, and means responsive to the position of the piston in the cylinder to which the other duct is connected, for actuating the throttling valve in each duct.

3. In a valve, a body, a double seating valve movable therein, a continuously open passage through the valve, and means adjustable from outside the said body for controlling the eifective size of said passage when the valve is in one position.

4. Ina valve, a body, a double seating valve movable therein, a continuously open and means threaded upon said body and entering said passage when the valve is in one position for controlling the effective size of said passage.

5. In a valve, a body, a double seating valve movable therein, a continuously open passage through the valve, and means adjustable from outside the said body for controlling the effective size of said passage when the valve is in one position, and means normally concealing the said adjustable means. 85

-6. Piston-actuated mechanism, including a pair of operatively alinedcylinders, interconnected pistons in the respective cylinders, pipes connecting the rear ends of the cylinders respectively with a fluid under pressure and with an exhaust passage, and throttling means in each pipe subject to the pressure of the actuating fluid in the opposite cylinder, in combination with a single valve for controlling the connections to fluid-supply and exhaust pipes, said valve having two seating elements each adapted to engage one or the other of two seats.

.7. Piston-actuated mechanism, including a pair of operatively alined cylinders, interv pressure of the actuating fluid in the opposite cylinder, a single valve for controlling the connections to fluid-supply and exhaust plpes, said valve having two seating elements each adapted to engage one or the other of two seats, and a movable weight associated with the said valve and adapted when in one position to hold the two seating elements on their respective seats independently of the fluid pressure.

Signedat Chicago, March 16th, 1917.

FRANK HENNEBOHLE.

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