US1277034A - Method of producing metals. - Google Patents
Method of producing metals. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1277034A US1277034A US24266418A US24266418A US1277034A US 1277034 A US1277034 A US 1277034A US 24266418 A US24266418 A US 24266418A US 24266418 A US24266418 A US 24266418A US 1277034 A US1277034 A US 1277034A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- mixture
- reaction
- aluminum
- producing metals
- crucible
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000289669 Erinaceus europaeus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/02—Working-up flue dust
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S75/00—Specialized metallurgical processes, compositions for use therein, consolidated metal powder compositions, and loose metal particulate mixtures
- Y10S75/959—Thermit-type reaction of solid materials only to yield molten metal
Definitions
- This invention has reference to the reduction of metals and their alloys from ores and oXids or other metallic compounds by what is known as the exothermic process.
- the primary object or”: this invention is thepro- Vision of a novel method of instituting and carrying out the exothermic reaction with a view of obtaining a superior product economically and with rapidity.
- I have shown in diagrammatic form apparatus which illustrates certain steps of my improved method, the figure being a sectional iew or? the crucible or container in which the reduction takes place.
- the alumino-thermicprocess to which this invention relates consists in rcducing ores and metallic compounds by mixing with the ores aluminum, an alloy thereof, or some other agent having a strong aflinity for oxygen, and, then in instituting a reaction by the ignition of a portionot" the mass.
- a reducing agent such as aluminum preferably in flaked form
- the next step ofthe process is the institution or" the exothermic reaction, and this is done either by directly i iting a portion of the mixture in the cruci 1e or by the use of a fuse or the like.
- Ifeed into the crucible as fast as may be required, a mixture of the ore and aluminum which I prefer to store in a hopper or receptacle 8 which is provided with a discharge spout 9 controlled by suitable valve mechanism 10.
- the mixture contained in the hopper may be the same as that already described, but ⁇ have found that superior results are obtained by Specification. of Letters Eatent. Patter igel Aug, 2?, 19118,
- the amount of which can be fully controlled by the operator is greatly improved and a uniformity in product obtained throughoiua number of successive operations, the importance of which willbereadily seen Where it is necessary to produce a large quantity of a given .metal containing certain specified percentages of the various constitutents.
- the feeding of the material to be reduced under control has an important bearing as T operative conditions vary considerably, and by my method an-experienced operator can successfully meet such changes in condition .with uniform results.
- Another advantage of my improved process is that, because of the manner in which the reaction is carried out, a reater quantity of the mixture ire-subject to the action or" the atmcsphere,'the result o-l which is that more oxygen is supplied and the impurities A f.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
J. J. BOERICKEV.
Patented Aug. 27, 1918.
lit?
METEECD PEG application filed July 336, 1914; Serial No. 851,885. Renewed June 29, 191%. Serial it: all whom it may concern:
Be it known that 1, JOHN J. 'Bonnicirn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Marion, in the county of Montgomery and St t Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in l /llethods of Producing Metals, of which the following is a specification.
This invention has reference to the reduction of metals and their alloys from ores and oXids or other metallic compounds by what is known as the exothermic process. The primary object or": this invention is thepro- Vision of a novel method of instituting and carrying out the exothermic reaction with a view of obtaining a superior product economically and with rapidity. In the ac companying drawing I have shown in diagrammatic form apparatus which illustrates certain steps of my improved method, the figure being a sectional iew or? the crucible or container in which the reduction takes place.
In brief, the alumino-thermicprocess to which this invention relates consists in rcducing ores and metallic compounds by mixing with the ores aluminum, an alloy thereof, or some other agent having a strong aflinity for oxygen, and, then in instituting a reaction by the ignition of a portionot" the mass. In carrying out my improved method, I take a relatively small quantity of the ore to be reduced and mix with it a reducing agent, such as aluminum preferably in flaked form,'and I then place the mixture ;in a crucible or-container i" such as shown in the drawing. I prefer to preheat the materials' and also the crucible and this step, While not essential, has been found to materially improve the quality of the product produced...
The next step ofthe process is the institution or" the exothermic reaction, and this is done either by directly i iting a portion of the mixture in the cruci 1e or by the use of a fuse or the like. After this institution of the reaction, Ifeed into the crucible as fast as may be required, a mixture of the ore and aluminum which I prefer to store in a hopper or receptacle 8 which is provided with a discharge spout 9 controlled by suitable valve mechanism 10.. The mixture contained in the hopper may be the same as that already described, but} have found that superior results are obtained by Specification. of Letters Eatent. Patter igel Aug, 2?, 19118,
filo. 2 2 664'.
using the'aluminum reducing agent in the form ot'ingots.
I am aware that it is Well known in this art to use powdered aluminum as a reducing agent, and that exothermic processes per 86 'are old. However, in carrying'out the proc- .ess'heretofore known, the crucibles or containers have been practically filled with a mixtureot' the compound and the powdered aluminum, and the endothermic reaction has been instituted on the surface of the mixture and spreads downwardly throu h the n'iass. By my process, however, only small quantity, of the mixture is placed in the,
" and then feed thereto additional quantities,
the amount of which can be fully controlled by the operator. Among the particular advantages of the method are that the'orescan be reduced in far larger quantities ata time, and with greater rapidity, and at the same time the quality of the product obtained is greatly improved and a uniformity in product obtained throughoiua number of successive operations, the importance of which willbereadily seen Where it is necessary to produce a large quantity of a given .metal containing certain specified percentages of the various constitutents. In securing the foregoing results and advantages, the feeding of the material to be reduced under control has an important bearing as T operative conditions vary considerably, and by my method an-experienced operator can successfully meet such changes in condition .with uniform results.
Another advantage of my improved process is that, because of the manner in which the reaction is carried out, a reater quantity of the mixture ire-subject to the action or" the atmcsphere,'the result o-l which is that more oxygen is supplied and the impurities A f. 1 l i one having eonsideieoie cross eectiouui as opposed to the nui'i'ow and deep crucibles, so that the i'eeciion 1S ex ended over a greater area, thereby erzposi g iiie mass $30 the action of the utincsfighei'e and eiiminetiiig the impurities which etiieizwise would remain in the precinct,
' cieiiu e i The herein described process of reduc eteiiic compounds which consists in autiiw mixture of the compouuei to be reucec and aluminium and +lieu iii fee-fling 10 the ieiuieci ziiuteiiei a i i, com- 33011112 and aluminum under cezi'eici 59 time; Hie reaction is iiistituied from beneath up- 7 The herein described steps in the ex:- otiieiinic process of reducing metallic conimug which consist in piecing u ieiutiveiy i uuuui'iiey of mixture of the compo- Ki educed, and uiuiuiuuiu in 21 {TU Y an euothei-iu' -cticii ure um} in feed Que ceiupouiui to be i] SW2 i eii quimtixty of :1 mixture the compounci mo in reduceci and a reducing agent in a crucible, in instituting an exothermic reaction in such mixture and in "feeding thereto under control a mixture of the compound to be reduced and u reducing agent.
The herein described process of reducingmetuiiic compounds which consists in mi... cg ilie compound with flaked aluminum, in instituting in exot nermic reaction in such iiiix bui'e and. in'adciing thereto quantities of Joeu J. BGERICKE.
the compound and ingot
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US24266418A US1277034A (en) | 1918-06-29 | 1918-06-29 | Method of producing metals. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US24266418A US1277034A (en) | 1918-06-29 | 1918-06-29 | Method of producing metals. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1277034A true US1277034A (en) | 1918-08-27 |
Family
ID=3344634
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US24266418A Expired - Lifetime US1277034A (en) | 1918-06-29 | 1918-06-29 | Method of producing metals. |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US1277034A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4701213A (en) * | 1985-12-26 | 1987-10-20 | Judkins Kenneth R | Reduction of iron ore concentrates with magnesium or aluminum |
-
1918
- 1918-06-29 US US24266418A patent/US1277034A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4701213A (en) * | 1985-12-26 | 1987-10-20 | Judkins Kenneth R | Reduction of iron ore concentrates with magnesium or aluminum |
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