US1276726A - Brush-holder for dynamos. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Aug. 27, 1918. 9 22 P- 1 INVENTOR WITNESSES mvrrnn STATES PATENT onmon.

JOHN L. CREVELIN G, OF NEW YQBK, N. Y., ASSIGNOB, TO SAFETY CAR HEATING AND LIGHTING COMPANY, A. GORPORATION- OF NEW JERSEY.

BRUSH-HOLDER FoanYNAMos.

Specification of Letters Patent.-

Patented Aug. 27, 1918.

Application filed September 2 9, 1911, Serial No. 651,892. RcnewedMay 28, 1918. Serial No.-237,172.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN L. GREVELING, a resident of New York, in the county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Brush- Holders for Dynamos, as set forth in the annexed specification and drawing, forming a part thereof.

My invention pertains to that class of dynamos in which the armature is subject to reversals in direction of rotation and has for its particular object to provide means whereby the current delivered to the dynamo to line will remain uni-directional regardless of such reversals.

Figure 1 is a partial longitudinal section and elevation of a generator comprehending my invention.

Fig. 2 is a transverse section of a dynamo comprehending my invention.

The section shown in Fig. 1 is taken on the line CD of Fig. 2 as viewed from the right.

Th section shown in Fig. 2 is taken on the line A-B of Fig. 1 as viewed from the right.

In the drawing 1 represents the armature of a dynamo provided with the usual commutator 2 and carried by the shaft 3, one end of which is supported in the usual bearing contained within the end member 4.

The member 1 is provided with a flanged portion 5 and united to the shell. or field frame. 6 as by screws 7 The member l: is provided with the extension 8 and the hearing extension 9. The extension 8 carries the annular member, or sleeve, 10 securely held thereon as by screws 11 and provided at one edge with the groove or race 12. The member 10 carries four projecting arms 13 which support the annular ring 15 as by extensions 14; and arms 30. The ring 15 is provided with a groove, or race,1-6. The extension 8 carries the hollow magnet frame 17 which may be cast integral therewith if desired and provided with a winding 7 18 so as to form an annular electromagnet. The brushes 19 are carried by the brush- .boxes 20 which are carried by the arms 21 provided with offset sheaves or rollers 22 adapted to register with the grooves 12 and 16 in the rings 10 and 15. The arms 21 are mechanicallyunited tothe brush-boxes 20 as shown in the figures and insulated therefrom as indicated, and the arms nearest the magnet 1718 are preferably made of magnetic material and provided with the shoes or plates 23 adapted to serve as arinatures for the electromagnet 1718 when the same is excited. The brush carriages are placed around the commutator with their wheels or sheaves 22 properlyengaging the grooves or races 12 and 16, and then the carriages are united any suitable means as by springs 2 1 tending to hold the same firmly in proper rotatable relation upon the tracks 1216. 25 represents the leads .by which electrical communication is made, with the various brushes and each has one end connected with a member 26 carried by a brush-box and the opposite end connected with an insulated member 27 carried upon an extension 11 and to -which electrical communication may be made as by the nuts 28. Openings 29 are cut in the generator shell so as to enable one to readily reach the commutator and brush rigging? The operation of my invention is substantially as follows:

If the armature be considered as revolv-V ing slowly in such direction that its uppermost part in Fig. 1' is moving toward the observer, the brushes 19resting upon the commutator 2'will drag the carriages around the tracks 12 and 16 until arrested by some suitable stop, in this instance indicated as the leads'25, which are flexible and so dimensioned and arranged as'to stop the carriages when the brushes are properly disposed withregard to the axes of commutation. Ifnow the speed of the generator increase until its electro notive force is appreciable, or approaching a useful value, the electromagnet l7-18 will become energized and attract the shoes 28. This will cause the beveled sheaves 22 to be raised slightly in their tracks against the pull of springs 24 and the shoes 23 will be drawn toward the magnet 1718 until the same become frozen against its face and held permanently in fixed positions where they will be held as long as the generator speed remains suflicient to be useful. As the magnet1718 willhold'the shoes firmly, the brushes will be held free from vibration and undue strain will not be broughtupon the leads 25 when the armature is revolving at high speed. Further, any tendency to chattering of the brushes will be avoided and the wheels 22 and races 12 and 16 Will be free from Wear owing to the firm support of the brushboxes by the shoes 23. If now the generator be stopped, its electroi'notive force will fall to zero and the electromagnet 1718 will release the shoes 23 and, as the sheaves 22 and grooves 12 and 16 present beveled faces, the springs 24 will cause the sheaves 22 to bottom in the grooves as shown in Fig. 1 and thus slightly remove the shoes 23 from the face of the magnet 1718. If then the armature be revolved in the reverse direction, the brushes 19 will drag the brush carriages around with the commutator until their revolution is arrested by the leads 25 at the proper axes of commutation to retain the current delivered uni-directional throughout reversals in rotation; and if the armature now revolve until its electromotive force be appreciable, the magnet 17-18 will again attract the shoes 28, raising the sheaves 22 slightly in the grooves 12 and 16 and hold the brush-boxes firmly in position as outlined above. If at any time it be desired to remove the brush carriages this may readily be done by releasing the springs 24 and the entire brush carriages can then be drawn through the openings and examined or repaired and if necessary to remove the same entirely, this can be readily accomplished by simply backing off the nuts 28 and releasing the leads 25.

From the foregoing it will be plain that I have produced a generator, the current of which will be of constant direction regardless of reversals in direction of rotation of the armature and in which the brushes are held in carriages which may readily be removedwithout otherwise dismantling the generator. Further, that the carriages are readily revoluble'when necessary or desiredthat the same should be revolved, and rigidly held in place when it is desired that they should be held in fixed positions.

I make no claim herein tovthe broad idea of magnetic means for holding the brushes broad idea of means of flexible devices or I means for limiting the movemen't of the brushes in combination with magnetic means for holding the brushes from movement to relieve strain upon the flexible means, nor the broadidea of means of supporting the brushes upon the commutator, in combination with means for restraining the movement of the brushes, nor the broad idea of means securing the brushes together about the commutator, as all such means and features of my invention are, in the proper combinations, made the subject of my application filed September 25, 1911, Serial No. 651,022. Nor do I make any claim in this application to the broad idea of means of having brush-holders or supporting means capable of moving in the direction of the axis of the armature, since the same is covered by the claims in my patent granted September 8, 1914, No. 1,109,901.

I do not wish in any way to limit myself to the exact construction shown in the drawing which is given merely to illustrate one type of dynamo comprehending my invention, for it is obvious that wide departure may be made in the way of construction without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention which is as set forth in the following claims: 7

1. In a generator having a field-frame provided with an end member; a commutator Within said frame and brushes in operative communication therewith; brushholders and means for connecting the same about the commutator; and means connected to said end member affording the entire sup port for the brush-holders at opposite ends thereof.

2. In a generator having a field-frame provided with an end member; a commutator and brushes in operative communication therewith; brush-holders and means for connecting the same about the commutator; means for supporting the holders at opposite ends thereof; sustaining means for said supporting means mounted upon the end member; and means for allowing and restraining rotation of the brush-holders,

3. In a generator provided with a com-' mutator, the combination with brush-holders and brushes carried thereby in operative relation to said commutator; means for connecti ng the brush-holders yieldingly about the commutator; carrying means comprehending devices at opposite ends of the holders; and means whereby said holders may have movement in different angular directions in relation to said commutator.

4. In a generator provided with a commutator, the combination with brush carrying means and brushes carried thereby in operative relation to said commutator, of means for supporting said brush carrying means comprehending movable bearing members at opposite ends thereof, means for supporting said members in movable relation to said commutator and means for restraining the movement thereof; f

5. A generator having a commutator; brushes in operative communication therewith; a plurality of independent means carrying the brushes; a plurality of independent means rotatable respectively with the brush-carrying means and insulated therefrom for supporting the latter; sustaining means for said rotatable means; and magnetic means for restraining the brush-carrying means at predetermined intervals.

6. A generator having a commutator, brushes in operative communication, therewith, means for supporting said brushes comprehending rotatable means supporting the brush carrying means at opposite ends thereof, supporting means supporting said rotatable means and electromagnetic means, for periodically restraining said brush carrying means.

7. A generator having a commutator, brushes in operative communication therewith, means for supporting said brushes comprehending rotatable means supporting the brush carrying means at opposite ends thereof, supporting means for said rotatable means means for allowing and restraining rotation of the brush carrying means, and electromagnetic means for periodically restraining said brush carrying means.

8. A generator having a commutator, brushes in operative communication therewith, means for carrying said brushes, rotatable means supporting the brush carrying means at opposite ends thereof, supporting means for said rotatable means, means for allowing and restraining rotation of the brush carrying means, and independent means for restraining the brush carrying means.

9. In a generator provided With a commutator, the combination With brush carrying means and brushes carried thereby in operative relation to said commutator, of means for upporting said brush carrying means coirgrehending movable members at opposite ends thereof, means for supporting said 'members in movable relation to said commutator, and electromagnetic means for periodically restraining said brush carrying means.

10. In a generator provided with a commutator, the combination with a plurality of independent brush carrying means; brushes carried thereby in operative relation to said commutator; means for con necting the brush-carrying means to hold them around and upon the commutator; of means disposed at opposite ends of said brush-carrying means for supporting the latter in definite relation to the commutator; means for shifting said carrying-means relatively to said commutator; and means for periodically restraining the brush-carrying means.

11. In a generator provided with a commutator, the combination With brush carrying means and brushes carried thereby in operative relation to said commutator, of means for supporting said brush carrying means comprehending movable bearing members at opposite ends thereof, means for supporting said members in movable relation to said commutator, means for restraining the movement thereof, and electromagnetic means for periodically restraining the brush carrying means.

12. In a generator provided With a commutator, the combination With brush-carrying means and brushes carried thereby in Operative relation to said commutator; of means for supporting said brusli-can'ying means comprehending bearing members at opposite ends thereof; means for supporting said members permitting movements thereof in diflerentangular directions in relation to said commutator; and a plurality of independent means for restraining the movement of the brush-carrying means.

13. In a generator provided With a commutator, the combination of a plurality of independent brush-carrying means; brushes carried thereby in frictional. contact With said connnutator; a plurality of independent means for supporting said brush-carrying means in rotatable relation to said commutator and so the friction of the brushes upon said commutator may move the brushcarrying means therewith; and stops cooperating respectively vvith said brushc-a rrying means to limit the rotation thereof.

14:. In a generator provided with a commutator, the combination of brush-carrying means; brushes carried thereby in operative relationto said commutator; means for supporting said brush-carrying means independently in rotatable relation to said commutator, said supporting means comprehending movable supporting means and.

means for supporting the same; and means for holding said brushes yieldingly together and in engagement With the commutator.

15. In a generator provided With a commutator, the combination of brush-carrying means; brushes carried thereby in operative relation to said commutator; means for supporting said brush-carrying means in rotatable relation to said commutator, said supporting means comprehending independently movable supporting means and means for supporting the same; and means tending to draw the brush-carrying means toward said commutator.

16. In a generator provided with a commutator, the combination of brush-carrying means; brushes carried thereby in operative relation to said commutator; means for supporting said brush-carrying means in rotatable relation to said commutator and With a capability of axial movement relative to the commutator, said supporting means comprehending movable supporting means and means for supporting the same; and means for restraining. the axial move- &

ment of the brush-carrying means with reference to the commutator.

17. In a generator provided With a com mutator, the combination of brush-carrying means; brushes carried thereby in operative relation to said commutator; means for supporting said brush-carrying means indepen dently in rotatable relation to said commutator, said supporting means comprehending movable supporting means and means for supporting the same; and means for restraining the revolution of the brusl1- carrying means at opposite axes of commutation.

18. In a generator provided with a commutator, the combination of a plurality of independent brush-holders; brushes carried thereby in operative relation to said commutator; a plurality of independently movable means for supporting said brush-holders in rotatable relation to said commutator; and magnetic means adjacent the movable means for restraining the movement of the brushes about the con'imutator.

19. In a generator provided with a commutator, the combination of a plurality of independent brush-holders; brushes carried thereby in operative relation to said commutator; a plurality of independently movable'means for supportin said brush-holders in rotatable relation to said commutator; and magnetic means adjacent the movable means for periodically restraining the brush-carrying means.

20. In a generator, the combination with a commutator; of brush-holding devices arranged ciroumferentially of the latter; means for yieldingly connecting the brushholders together; means adjacent the commutator for supporting said brush-holders; 40 magnetic means for moving the brush-holders axially with respect to the commutator; and means cooperating with the supporting means for moving the brush-holders radially simultaneously with the axial movement thereof.

21. In a generator, the combination of a commutator; a brush-holding device associated with said commutator and mounted to be movable axially with respectto said commutator; means for producing said axial movement; and means for engaging the brush-holder and shaped to cause the same to move radially away from the commutator when said axial movement is effected.

22. The combination of a generator, and a commutator; a brush-holder associated with the commutator and mounted for movement both circumferentially and axially with respect thereto; means for causing the brush-holder to have axial movement; said means engaging the brush-holder to secure the same against further movement; and means also engaging the brush-holder, and shaped to cause the same to move radially 5 away from the commutator when the axial movement is efiected.

JOHN L. CYREVELING.

Witnesses ANNA M. WALL, M. Hnnsnovnz,

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

- Washington, D. G.

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