US1275925A - Internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

H. HUBBACK.

iNTEBNAL COMfiUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATiON FILED DEC.26. 1917.

Patented Aug. 13, 1918.

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MfH. HUBBAC K. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE;

APPLICATION FILED DEC/25,191 7.

on 1 9. 1 IT 3 1 -8 Wm A t3 n m a P M. H. HUBBACK.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENCLNE,

APPLICATION FILED nzc.2e. 1911 1,275,925. Patented Aug. 13; 1918.

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/ anumtoa UNITED STATES PATENT oFrroE.

MALCOLM 1r. Honnacx, or SEATTLE, WASHINGTON, .assmnon or ONE-SIXTH 11o NELSON srazaxs; orsEA'r'rnE, wnsnmo'ro."

INTEBNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Patented Aug. 13, 191.8.

To all whom it may concern:

' of Washington, have invented a certain new and -useful Improv ement....m.Intemahflmm bustion Engines, of which the followingis a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines and the object of my invention. is to provide an engine of comparatively light wfilght in proportion to the amount of power t at, it is capable of developing and one that has ahigh eflicienc and is economical in-its consumption of he A fu-rther object of my inventlon is to provide an engine that has a continuous annular cylinder adaptedto rotate about a fixed tuhular support whereby the momentum of the concentricallybalanced cylinder and parts connected therewith will. be utilized in reproducing a uniform speed and constant ton ue on the engine shaft thereby practically eliminating the vibrations of the same.

My invention consists in the novel construction,'adaptation, and combination of.

partsas will bemore clearly hereinafter described and claimed. 4

In the accompanying drawings Figure l is a view in elevation of an engine constru cted .in accordance with my invention;

'i Fig. 2 isa view of the sa-me'in cross-sec tion on broken line12, 2 of Fig. I;

- Fig.1 3 is a view" of the same in.=crosssection-onhroken l neidflof'FIgJZ; i Fig. 4 is'a v ew in elevation of a duplex pinion e'i'nbodicd in my invention;

Fin 5 is a view in cross-section of the duplex pinion on broken. line 5, 5 of. Fig. 4:; 4 0

'145 0 is a view in elevation of an interrupted gear "used in theconstruction off the "Fig; 7 is a 'iew in cross-section of the in-- tcrruptod gear on broken iine'7, 7 of Fig. 6. Referring" to the drawings; throughout which like reference numerals lesignate like partsy the numerals l0 and" 11. indicate the two halves or sections, respectively, oi. the

casing of an internal combustion engine.

Specification 01 Letters Patent. Application filed December 2 8, 1917. Serial No. 309,178.

aroun 'lhe sections 10'and 11 are providedwltnhub portions 12 and 13 within whichare disosed suitable bearin s 14 that are mounted or rotation ona fixe tubular shaft 1-5.

, One of the'hubmembers 12 is rigidly connected withan.axiallydisposed shaft :16 that may be journaled 1n a suitable bearin not shown, and that-constitutes thesha through which .power generated ,by the engine is transmitted.

' The peripheral portions of the casing- sec tions 10 and 11 are suitably shaped to'form an annular cylinder 17 and the two sections are secured together by, bolts 18 that pass through peripheral flanges 19.

Disposed within the casing formed by the sections 10 and 11 and securely keyed to the shaft are two interrupted I ars' 20 I and 21 that are each provided, on lflm eh'i cally opposite sides, with toothed sections 22 and23 each of which sections 22and 23 extend substantially one-fourth of; the distance around the circumference thereof, as

shown in Fig. '6, and each of which sections 22 and 23 is provided with thit'tecn teeth in the construction herein shown.

tween the ends of the toothed 186660118 22 and 23 are occupied by two areuategmembers. 24 and- 25 that are concentrically rtinge'd and present a smooth .ott'te'r or Disposed within the casing in concentric relation to the interrupted gears 2}) and 2 1 are two internal gears or ring gears 26 and 27,'caclrpreferably having seventy-twotecth i .76. The spaces on the gears 20 and21 be and bring provided at six eqliirdistantpoints The peripheral p n-tronsofithe rin'g gears '26 and, 27 are flanged as at "it! setbat shoal dcrs44 are .Fomnei-l to fit'against correspond thecircainference thereof with pairs mg; shoulder-sin the casing and support the rings for rotation therein.

.The flanged peripheral portions 43 extend outwardly through narrowed portions 45 in the casing and make a close fit so that gases due to the explosions in the'c linder cannot gain access to the gear-chain er of the engine. v

Interposcd between each of the internal gears and its corresponding interrupted gear are two double pinions each comprising a twelve toothed gear 46 and a fourteen toothed gear 47 that are ir'ormed integral or otherwise rigidly connected with each other and are mounted on fixed in the easing.

The twelve toothed'gears 46 are ada ted to mesh with the internal gears 26 an 27 and the fourteen toothed gears47 are ada ted to mesh with the gear segments on the interrupted gears and 21. v

-The double pinions are each provided on one sidew'ith an arcua't-eslot 48 formed to fir? U 1 members 24 and 25 and 7 adapted 5 to slide on such members when they are in contact therewith thereby serving to lock theringgear with which they are connected to the casing.

The pinions, that gear26 and interrupted gear 20 are disposed points and the at dian'ictrically opposite pinio'ns that en'gage with the ring gear 27 and interrupted" gear 21 are disposed at diaoints and at right metrically opposite anglesto the. two pimo'ns first mentioned.

The casing section .11 is provided at three equi-distant points with spark plugs that are each connected by wires 51 with suitable contact devices 52 that are carried by the rotating casing and adapted to make "electrical contact atpredetermined points with -stationary terminals '53 on the sh-a'tt 15 so that suitable sparks'aredehvered at three points simllltuncoi'lsly for igniting cl'ia'rges in the cylinder.

The fuel charge is prepa red in the usual manner and is drawn by suction through an opening 54 into the interim of the hollow shaft-15 from whence it'pas'ses' through perrloraljionsfifi into a chamber 56 and is thence cmuluclrrl through three radial pipes 57 to intake"opcningsfiti in the cylinder 17 that are located al three cqui-(listant points midpomt's of entrance oi the llxliaust openings (Mare provided in the casing sci-lion 10 at poinls adjacent the inlet- ()[Ntlllllgs -58 as shown'in Fig. 2

in, operation when the pistons are in the position shown in Fig. 2, charges are comp'rcsseil' at three diflercnt'poinls between pistons- 30 and '36, 32 and 38, and 34. and 40, re-

vspin-lively, and are just readvto be ignited by the spark plugs-50. When the explosion occurs the pislons 30 to 35: inclusive are all locked to the ca'sing hy reason of theengage- I v I .-,i

bearing pins that are 41 "inclusive-begin to engage with the ring the casing are both in" engagement rection in the cylinder until they lap the exhaust ports 60 and will then be carried over the exhaust ports by themomentum of the moving casing far enou h to cause the slots 48in the respective. pimons with which these pistons areconnected to engage with the arcuatev members 24 and 25 'at which points the pistons 36 to 41 inclusive will occupy the same relative position within the cylinder as the istons 30 to 35 inclusive do invFig. 2' and will be locked tothe'casing.

At the same instant that the pistons 36 to lap th'eje'xhaust ports 60 the-slots'in the pin'ions that the. istons 30 to 35 inclusive are connected wit pass off of the arcuate members 24 and 25 and engage with the teeth on the interrupted gears thus permitting the pistons '30 to 35 inclusive to the position occupied by 41 inclusive inFig. 2. Asthc pistons 36, 38 and 40'are moved by the explosion in a clockwise direction within thepistons 37, 39 and 41 ,will move away from the inta-ke openings therebydrawing'in a fresh charge of fuel behind them and compressing a reviously drawn charge before them w 1ieli.,-poinpressed charge will-be ignited as'the pisligins 37,39 and'41 eon'ie into the proper position relative to the spark plugs. I,

The double pinions are all secure f ito' the engine casing and the ring gears 26p' nd 27' the pistons 36 to toothed pinions 46. The pinions engaging one ring gear are locked against rotation by the slots 48, engaging w th 'thearcuate member-s24 and 2b and the fourteen toothed with the other ring;

pinions 47 engagingv gear, are in mesh w-itlrthe interrupted gears 5i,

hence. the force of the explosion tends move the pistons apart, and, by virtue of the engagement of the twelve toothedfpinions move relative, to the case into with the twelve with the ring gears and the fourteen toothed" I pinions with the interrupted gears, the pis-' tons that are not lockedto-the casing are permitted to mbve away from the pistons that are locked to the casing, thereby carrying the'easing' forward through one-fourth i of one complete irevolntion withfrespect. to

the shaft 15, whilethe pistons advance onesixth of one complete revolution with re spect to the c'asin.

ltisebvious that this'engine-may be convetted into a steam engine by providing suittween two adjacent pistons at the proper instant of tim c.

Thenumber of teeth on the several gears.

herein described have been sp inlicd for the res "on that they form a very convenient gear ratio but it will be \uulcrstood that these relations may be varied and that other changes in the form of construction and arrangement of arts of this engine may be resorted to wit in the scope of the following claims:

What I claim is:

1'. An internal combustion engine comprising a fixed shaft, an engine easing rotatably mounted thereon, an annular cylinder in said casing, a plurality of pistons dis posed within said cylinder and. movable therein with respect to each other, means for admitting fuel to said cylinder, means for igniting said fuel at predetermined points to cause certain of sah pistons to be moved apart, and gear means cooperating with said pistons and said casing and said fixed shaft to rotate said casing in response to explosions between said pistons.

2. An internal combustion engine comprising a fixed shaft, a casing rotatable V thereon, an annular cylinder in said casing,

two independently movablesets of pistons disposed in' the cylinder, all .of the pistons of each of said sets beingrigidly connected together, means for admitting fuel to said cylinder and exploding the same to produce relative movement between said two sets of pistons and gear means codperatmg with saidcasing and said pistons and said fixed shaft to impart rotary motion to said casing in response to the relative movement between. said pistons.

v3. An internal combustion engine com-- prising a fixed shaft, a casing including an annular cylinder rotatably mounted on said shaft, interru ted gears secured to said shaft, internal y toothed ring gear of larger diameter than said interrupted gears and coneentrle thereto, pimons interposed bea tween said interrupted gears and said. gears said pinions being. mounted. on bearings that are secured to the casing, means on said in tetlllptfid gears for lock ng said pnnons against rotation during a portion of their travel around said interrupted gears, pistons carried by said ring gears and movable in said cylinders, means for admitting gasified fuel tosaid cyliiulcrs and means for igniting said fuel.

4. An internal eomlnisticn prising a casing mounted" for rotation on a xed shaft, an annular cylinder formed in the peri ihery of said casing, interrupted gears secured to said fixed shaftsaid inter rupted gears each haying smooth arcuate sections formed thereon, int-smelly toothed ring gears movable within said casing,

engine cone double pinions rotatably connected with said wheels having a slot therein to engage with the arcuate sections of said interrupted gears, pistons carried by said ring gears and movable within said cy'linders, means for ad initting fuel to said cylinder and means for igniting said fuel.

5. An internal combustion engine comprising a fixed tubular shaft, a casingrotatably mounted on said shaft, an annular cylinder formed in the peripheral portion of said casing, interrupted gears secured to said shaft said interrupted gears each having two oppositely disposed toothed sections extending one-fourth of the distance around the diameter thereof and two oppositely dis posed arcuate sections arranged between the toothed.- sections, internally toothed concentric ring gears movably disposed within said casing, double pinions rotatably mounted on bearings carried by said casing at four di' ametrically opposite points two of said pinions being interposed between each ring gear and its corresponding interrupted gear and each of said pinions being provided with a gear of a greater nulnbcr'of teeth adapted to mesh with an interrupted gear anda gear with a lesser number. of teeth adapted to mesh with an internal ring gear and each of said pinions having slotted portions adapted to engage with said arcuatc sections, pistons carried by said ring gears and movable within said cylinder, means for admitting fuel charges tothe cylinder, andmeans for igniting said fuel charges.

6. An internal combustion engine comprising a fixed hollow shaft, a casing rotatably mounted on said shaft, an annular 3 ant its corresponding inhrit'upted gear and mounted for rotation on pins that are se-V I cured to said casingeach of said du la r plmons comprlsm a larger gearw eel a smaller gearwheel ada ted to mesh with the internal gear and a s ot adaptedjto en- 12s adapted to mesh With the interrupted gear,

gage with the areuete sections of the inter suction into said 0 linders, and igniting rupted gears to prevent rotation of said means carried by sai casing for igniting the pinions, a lurality of pistons carded. by fuel. 10 each of sai ring gears and movable .within In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe said cylinder, means for admitting gesified my name this 15th day of December, A. D. fuel tusaid hollow shaft, conduits throu h 1917,

which said gjasified fuel may be drawn gy MALCOLM H. HUBBACK.

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