US1271680A - Heater. - Google Patents

Description

E. W. DUNN.

HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED IAN. Is, 191s.

1,271,568O.v l PanIedJu1y9,1918.

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HEATER.

Applicatin filed January 15, 191s.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EMANUEL WV. DUNN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles, State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Heaters, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to heaters of various kinds and classes; and relates particularly to the provision of means in heaters, as hereinafter described, for increasing the effective radiation of heat therefrom by causing the heated gases of combustion to give up a large part of their heat before they are discharged through the discharge stack, or otherwise discharged into the atmosphere. In providing a heater for heating a room, tent, or other inclosed space, or any open space, it is my object to provide a means for delivering the pure heat units through the shell of the heater, increasing the radiation and conduction of heat from the heater, and for utilizing a large part of that heat which normally goes to waste because it is no'r-A mally discharged by the hea-ted gases of combustion into the atmosphere. It is also an object of my invention to discharge the fumes and burnt gases from the heating member employed to the outside atmosphere or at any desirable distant point.

In carrying my invention into actual practice, I provide various forms of heaters with my appliance. And it is an object of this invention to provide an appliance in such form that it may be easily applied to various forms of heaters now in common use. To the draft body, stack or flue of a heater I apply a drum or other receptacle which is in effect an enlargement of the stack or flue, having an enlarged heat radiating and heat conductive surface through which the heat of the gases within may be transferred to the surrounding air. This drum is, in effect, a member which receives the hot gases, holds them, radiates and conducts their heat to the surrounding atmosphere, and then allows the gases to be carried off. From the drum a discharge stack may lead Ofl to the atmosphere to discharge the fumes and gases of combustion; but this final discharge stack is not a necessary adjunct of my invention. It will be understood that when I speak herein of a stack or flue, to which I apply myL device, I mean to include within that designation any kind of a passage or member within which the heated gases of combustion pass away from the flame. Such Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 9, 1918.

Serial No. 211,956.

a member may be the draftstack or flue of a heater, stove, or the like; the body of an oil heater; or any equivalent part through which the heated gases pass.

lith the foregoing described features in view, my invention will be best understood from the following detailed description of the application of my invention to various forms of heaters; reference being had to the accompanying d 'awing in which specific, preferred and typical forms are illustrated.

In these drawings Figure 1 is an exterior elevation showing the application of my invention to a typical form of heater which has heretofore been largely used as an orchard heater and known as the Dunn heater, Fig. 2 is a vertical central section showing a preferred construction of my device; Fig. 3 is a plan with parts broken away for purposes of illustration; Fig. 4 is a side elevation showing a different form of device; Fig. 5 is a front elevation show ing the application of my invention to an oil heater, commercially known as a Perfection oil heater; and Fig. 6 is an enlarged section showing a preferred construction of my device.

Referring first to Figs. 1, Q and 3 of the drawings, I show a heater comprising a liquid fuel receptacle or pot 10 into which air is admitted by a down draft tube 11 controlled by a damper at 12; auxiliary air being also admissible through a damper con trolled opening at 13. The air admitted through the down draft tube passes out over the level of the liquid fuel 14 in pot 10 and sustains combustion above the fuel, thus generating a gas which is discharged into the stack 15. The stack may preferably have air inlet openings as indicated at 31 controlled by damper 32 to admit air into the stack to perfect combustion therein; and the fianie and heated gases of combustion rise through the stack 15. This described form of heater is merely typical of a general class of heater; but for certain purposes, the combinaton of my invention with this particular kind of heater is very effective.

At the upper end of stack 15 I place the heat radiating drum 20. This drum is preferably made up in the manner indicated in the drawings, with a lower bell-shaped body 9.1 and an upper flat top Q2. The body 21 has a central lower opening which registers with the opening in the stack 15; and a baffle 23 prevents direct flow of the heated gases of combustion from the stack 15 to the final discharge stack4 24. This final dis- `f of the back part of body 21, as illustrated tion oil stove.

at 24a in Fig. 4, leaving the top' 22 unencum.- bered. Drum 20 is of sufficient capacity to hold a considerable volume of the heated gases of combustion. It is no-t limitedto being of the relative size shown in the drawings. The heated gases of combustion remain for a longer time in the drum than they would in a continuous unenlarged' stack, and radiate pure heat through the walls of the drum. The drurn is preferably made in the shape shown so as to provide a relatively large radiating and conducting surface in proportion to its volume;

and the upper surface or top.22 is made flat for the purpose of providing a place for cooking and warming operations.

The drum top 22 may be made with a peripheral flange 30 to provide strength and to provide a raised edge, if desired. Such a construction is particularly useful for cooking, etc. Fig. 6 shows the detailed structure of the drum. rlhe lower part of body 21 may have a strengthening flange or ring 32'; and the nipple 33 may be shaped and coiiiiectedwvith the body 21 and the flange 32 in the manner illustrated.

A heater such as herein described is vcapable of being used with any kind of fuel; and in practical use a low grade hydrocarbon fuel is used which develops a large amount of heat at a lowcost. This heat, in the ordinary use of such a heater as an orchard heater, is delivered primarily to the atmosphere. But with my present invention a large proportion of this heat is radiated into the atmosphere surrounding the radiator drum, without being discharged through the gases of combustion into the atmosphere above. With my invention the radiating and4 conducting surface of such a heater may be increased many times. This particular form of my invention is most highly useful as a tent, hut, dug-out, or trench heater. It may also be used as a kitchen, parlor, or hot air furnace. It not only delivers heat at an .exceptionally low cost,l but it provides ample accommodation for cooking and warming food.

It will now be readily understood that my invention may be applied 'to various kinds of heaters, stoves, etc. In Fig." 5 I show the invention applied to a Perfec- The drum 20 in this case may be applied to the upper end of the flue ordinarily provided with the Perfection oil heater; or I may provide a special flue V40 provided with air inlet openings 41, air

beingl admitted at this point to perfect combustion of the fuel. In such oil heatersfit is not usual to have a final discharge 'stack 24; and such a stack may or may not be used, as desired. lHowever, it is always desirable to use a final discharge stack for the fumes and objectionable gases to be discharged out o'f the room into the open atmosphere.

rIhe air used to p-romotel combustion in the burner must be replaced by the admission of an additional air supply to the room.

It will be understood that the foregoing description of the application of my invention to a Dunn heater and a Perfection voil heater typifies the application-of my invention to any and all kinds of heaters of that general classification. And it will 4now be understood how my invention mayA be applied to other forms of heaters, stoves and the like, without the'necessity of further detailed explanation of those specific forms.

It will be understood that the office of the air inlet openings in the stackv or body below the radiator drum is to admit air to complete combustion` before the gases reach the drum, to develop the maximum heat and to eliminate soot, etc., and provide clean gases to go into the drum. The drum is thus kept clean and kept at its maximum conducting and. radiating efficiency.

While I have described typical and speciic applications of my invention in some detail, it will be understood that I do not thereby limit my invention to the particular embodiments herein set forth. Rather do I believe my invention to be broad `in its nature; and accordingly I reserve to myself other similar applications of my invention, and any modifications ory changes therein which may suggest themselves Vto those skilledin the lart, or which may fall within the scope of the following claim.

Having described a preferred form of my invention, I claim:

A device of the class described comprising a liquid fuel receptacle providing a.

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