US1270643A - Fluid transmission. - Google Patents

Description

M. H. MASSUERE.

FLUID TRANSMISSION.

APPLICATloN man M^n.12,1911.

Patented J une 25, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l..

M. H. MASSUERE.

FLUID TRANSMISSION.

APPLICATIGN FILED MAR. 12. |911.

3 SHEE l'S--SHEET 2.

Manue/'6,

M.' H. MASSUEHE num TRANSMISSION.

APPL|CT|0N FILED MAR. |2| 197. 1,279,643., Patented June 25, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEicE:

MARK H. MASSUERE, OF CHEYENNE, WYOMING.

FLUID TRANSMISSION.

Application led March 12, 1917.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MARK II. MAssUEnE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cheyenne, in tlie county of Laramie and State of lVyoining, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fluid Transmissions; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The present invention relates to improvements in fluid transmissions, and has for one object to build up a device ofthis character in which the compressing means will force the fiuid into a separate compression chamber from which its discharge may be regulated to give a flexible control throughout all speed ratios from direct drive to zero; and which compression chamber relieves the compressing means of the strain of the compressed fluid and facilitates the operation of the same, while furthermore such separate chamber equalizes the pressure against which all of the compressing devices must operate when there are more than one employed.

By my present invention I am enabled to build up an improved fluid transmission by reasonof certain novel parts hereinafter more fully described.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this application, and in which similar reference symbols indicate corresponding parts in the several views:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal central sectional view thronghan improved fiuid transmission constructed in accordance with the pres-.

ent invention.

Fig. 2 is an end view thereof partly broken awa Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a disk and cross-head guides indicating the eccentric rings in dotted lines.

Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view taken on the line L -4 in Fig. 1; and

Fig. 5 is a similar view taken on the line 5-5 in Fig. 1.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, 1 indicates the driver and 2 the follower. Tlie end of the driver 1 is received into one end of a hub 3 which, at such end, constitutes a bearing for said driver, and in which the driver freely turns; while in the opposite end of this hub 3 is received the adjacent end of the follower 2. it being made Specification of Letters Patent.

Serial No. 154,204.

fast therein as by a key 4. This central hub Patented June 25, 1918.

3 forms part of one annular member 5 of the driven drum 6, the other annular member 7 being concentric therewith and spaced therefrom so as to provide an annular way 8. The hub 3 is united to its annular member 5 through a head 9, while a similar head 10 is formed with the outer annular member 7 and is secured to said head 9 as by bolts 11.

There are in the annular way 8 a pair of outer offset rings 12 and 13 which are spaced apart and form a cam groove or track therebetween, these outer rings 12 and 13 being fitted against the inner wall of the outer annular member 7. The complementary inner offset rings 14 and 15 are fitted against the exterior wall of the inner annular member 5, and are similarly spaced apart to provide a cam track therebetween, for which see more particularly Figs. 1 and 3.

In these cam tracks travel rollers 16 and 17 extending from cross-lieads 18 on piston rods 19. The piston rods 19 operate through openings 20 in a disk 21 which is secured' as by bolts 22 to the drive drum 23; such disk 21 providing heads for a series of cylinders 24 provided in said drive drum 23. Pistons reciprocate in said cylinders 24 and are connected to the rods 19. These pistons advantageously consist of blocks 25 and 26 threaded on the ends of the rods 19 and clamping therebetween a packing 27 which has flanged edges 28 fitting in grooves 29 in said block 26.

lVhen the medium is air, packing 27 forms a cup which admits air on return stroke of piston. On forward stroke this cup is pressed against the cylinder wall forming an air tight packing. Thus, when the medium is air. valves 31 are not necessary, using the principle of ordinary air pump. y

In the pistons are also formed fluid passages 30 closed by valves 31 when the pistons aie moving on their compressing strokes, but automatically opening on their opposite strokes to permit the passage of fluid into the cylinders 24. wherein the same is subsequently compressed when the pistons are driven in the opposite direction and forced into a compression chamber which communicates with and is common to all of the several cylinders 24. Angledppenings 32 are As disclosed to advantage in Figs. 1, 3

, and 4, the disk 21 forms a` support for a series of pairs of guides 34 and.35, such guides' being disposed to opposite sides of the openings in -said disk and being .curved or otherwise shaped to conform'to theconfiguration of the cross-heads 18 which they support and which have a sliding movement therebetween. A ring 36 connects the free ends of the several pairs of guides 34 s and 35 and suitably spaced bolts 37 tie the ring 36 and disk 21 in astrongly combined structure. f f

The drive drum 23 is also formed with a central hub 38, one end of which extendsA within the annular member of the driven .drum 6, and which is fitted over the central hub 3 on which it islsupported by bearings 39 and 40. The hubs 3 and 38 are held in proper relation and against laxial-displacement by gaskets41 and 42 held against the matically open' said valves 47, and having end of the hub 38 by nuts 43 and 44.

The. several cylinders 24 in 'the drive drum 23 are formed with threaded openings in their opposite heads .45, into-which are .removably secured casings 46` having valves 47 therein mounted on stems 48 which slide in guides 49 having a screw threaded or other adjustable en agement with said casings 46. The valve 47 are` constantly urged by' coil springs' 50 against seats 51, which coil springs are adapted to. yield and permit the iuid which is being compressedx in the cylinders 24 by the pistons to autos passed into the casings 46 to be thence de livered through openings 52 into a compression hamberwmhextends annularly so that'said cylinders and thecompressing pistons therein have .av common delivery chamber into 'which the fluid is forced, and which enables me to provide a uniform compression 'Which does not depend upon the condition of any one of the cylinders 24 and when'the Huid is from time to time permitted to discharge from such chamber 53,V the reduction in pressure therein will be uniform with respectf-to the-several compressing devices employed and will have a common effect on all. The casing 54 ofsaid compression chamber 53 is secured to the drive drum 23 as by bolts 55 and 5,6, and is also connected by said bolts or other means 4to a cap 57 through which said drive drum 23 and associated parts may be coupled to the driver 1.

lAs many outlets 58 for the compression chamber 53 may be provided as conditions dictate, there being two such outletsv herein shown, passage` through which is under the control of valves 59 and 60. Thesevalves may be of any suit-able type, they being herein shown to be rotary plug valves operated by arms 61 and, 62 having pins' 63 and 64 engaging a groove 65 in a lcollar 66 slidable on the driver 1. The shifting of this collar 66 will correspondingly .'move the arms 61 and 62 so'that the valves 59 and 60 may be thereby either opened or closed or moved into any intermediate position, such -movement' of the collar 66 being under vthe control of a suit-able device 67 which is, in practice, placed convenient to the grasp of the operator. f i i The, operation lof the invention is substantially as follows:

Power from any suitable source is applied to the driver 1, and as 'such driver 1 rotates it carries around therewith the drive drum 23 together withA the casing 54 of the compression chamber 53 and the disk 21 with the cross-head guides 34 and 35, these latter guides traveling between the inner and outer pairs of the offset rings.`

- If We assume that the outlet valves 59 and 60 are wide open, then the chamber 53 willv be at atmosphericpressure, and the pistons inthe cylinders 24 will reciprocate freely without interference to the rollers 16 and 17 on the cross-heads 18 traveling in 4the cam grooves between the eccentric disks 12, k13, and 14, 15. As the pistons move on their intake strokes or to the left with reference to the showing in Fig. 1v a partial vacuum will be formed in the cylinders24 as such pistons recede to the left, which will permit the atmospheric pressure 4or the pressure of the other fluid medium employed 'to move the valves 3,1 from their seats and permit the-entrance of fluid into said cylinders. When the cylinders start on their compressing'stroke the valves 31 will auto-` matically close, and the iiuid trapppdjyith- TITtirecyiidersv'iwiille compressedby the advancing pistons. When this compression of the fluid in thecylinders 24 reaches a degree which isin excess of the strength of the springs 50, the valves 47 will automatically open and permit such compressed ,fluid to be forced through the plugs or casings 46 and through the openings;v r52 into the compressio'nvchamber 53. y

1f, as above supposed,the voutlet'valves 59 and 60 are fully opened, this compressed iuid lately delivered to the compression chamber 53 will find immediate exit through the outlets 58, sovthat the movement of the pistons kin the cylinders 24`will be unimpeded and without substantial interference;

drum 6, as the cross-head rollers will be free to follow the cam track and freely re- A ciprocate the pistonsin the cylinders 24.

While there may be a certain amount of friction betweenthe various parts which may tend to slightly rotate the driven drum 6, the weight of the driven parts will probably ordinarily be suflicient to overcome this tendency, but if not, a brake band may be employed to insure the same.

As soon as the pistons in the cylindersl 24 commence their return intake stroke, the springs 50 will close the valves 47 against their seats 51, so that a re-transfer of the transmission fluid from the compression chamber 53 back into the cylinders 24 will be absolutely prevented, the pistons thereby being free of any interference on their intake strokes. v

If now, however, -we suppose the outlet valves 59 and 60 completely closed by proper shifting of the control mechanism 67, collar 66, and arms 61 and 62, the fiuid which is compressed by the, pistons in the cylinders 24, instead of being able to seek immediate exit, will be held in the compressionjchamber 53 so that a high pressure therein will rapidly build up. As the higher pressure develops it will proportionately become more difficult for the cam tracks and rollers 16 and 17 to force the pistons on their compression strokes, and when a maximuinpressure is established such pistons will be locked against movement, the rollers 16 and 17 being thereby unable to follow the cam track, with the result that the drive drum 23`and driven drum 6 will be coupled in direct driving relation, and the follower 2 will have the same speed as the driver 1.

By opening the outlet valves 59 and 6() to any intermediate degree, so that the Huid from the compression chamber 53 may be permitted to escape in predetermined quantities, the pressure against which the pis- `tons operate can be nicely regulated, so as to allow said pistons to move under more or less restraint, and thereby a proper speed ratio between the drive and driven parts may be effected.

It is obvious that those skilled in the art may vary the details of construction and arrangements of parts without departing from the spirit of my invention, and therefore I 'do not wish to be limited to such features except as may be required by the claims.

I claim:

1. The combination of a driver and follower, a drive drum mounted in connection with said driver. a driven drum fixed to move with said follower and providing an annular way, an annular series of cylinders provided in said drive drum, pistons reciprocating in said cylinders, rods connected to said pistons and extending into the way in said driven drum, cross-heads carried on said rods, a cam track in said way traversed by said cross-lieads for reciprocating said pistons, means for admitting fiuid to said cylinders, a compression chamber communicating with said several cylinders, valves between said compression chamber and cylinders and means for controlling the exhaust of fiuid from said compression chamber, substantially as described.

2. The combination with a driver and a follower, a drive drum connected to said driver, a series of circularly arranged cylinders in said drum, pistons reciprocating in said cylinders, an annular disk inclosing the ends of said cylinders and having openings therein for placing the cylinders in communication with the outside atmosphere, rods connected to said pistons, cross-heads on said rods, a driven drum fixed to said follower, a cam track carried by said driven drum and engaged by said cross-heads, a compression chamber carried by said drive drum and in communication with said several cylinders, valves between said compression chamber and cylinders and means for controlling the discharge of air from said compression chamber, substantially as described.

3. In a device of the character described, the combination of drive and driven elements, a cylinder fixed to move with one of said elements, a cam track fixed to move with the other of' said elements, a head for said cylinder having a perforation, a piston in lsaid cylinder, a rod connected to said piston and operating through the perforation in said head, a cross head on said rod traveling in said cam track, guides supported from said cylinder head for receiving said cross head, means for admitting fluid to said cylinder, a compression chamber communicating with said cylinder, a valve between said compression chamber and cylinder and means for regulating the discharge of fluid from said compression chamber, substantially as described.

4. In a device of the character described, the combination of drive and driven elements, a cylinder fixed to move with one of said elements, a piston traveling in said cylinder, a rod on said piston, a head for inclosing said cylinder and having a perforation therein to receive said piston rod and an opening to receive the transmission fluid, a cross head on said rod beyond said cylinder head, a pair of guides held on said cylinder head for receiving said cross head. a cam track carried by the other of said elements for receiving said cross head to actuate said piston, a compression chamber' communicating with said cylinder, a valve between said compression chamber and cylin-A -der and means for regulating the discharge of the transmission Huid from said c ompression chamber, substantially as described.

5. In a device of the character described,

the combination of drive and driven elements, a drum having a hub fixed to move with one of said elements, annular concen-l ltric members attached to said hub and providing an annular channel, a cam track arranged in said annular channel, a second drum fixed to move with the other of said elements and having a hub fitted over said first-'named hub and movable independently thereof, a cylinder in said second-named drum, a piston fitted in said cylinder,

means traveling in said camtrack and connected to Iactuate said piston, means for delivering a transmission fluid to said cylinl der, a compression chamber communicating.

with said cylinder, a valve between said compression chamber and cylinder and means for controlling the discharge of the transmission fluidv from said compression V chambenfsubstantially as described.

6. In a device of-the character described, the vcombination of drive and driven elements, a drum secured to rotate with one of said elements and including spaced concentric members providing therebetween an annular channel, a cam track located in said channel, a second drum fixed to rotate with lcompression chamber from each cylinder,'

thel other of saidmembers, a circular series of cylinders provided in4 said-second drum, pistons traveling lin said cylinders, means traveling in said cam trackV and connected to actu-ate said pistons, means for admitting a transmission fluid to said cylinders, a compression chamber common to all of said cylinders, check valves for controlling the admission of the transmission Huid to said' and controllable valve means for regulating the flow of the compressed transmission me- `dium from said compression chamber., substantially as described '7. In a device ofthe character described,

the combination'of drive and driven elements, a drum having a hub fixed at one end to rotate with one of said elements and providing a bearing at its other end for loosely receiving the other of said elements, a second drum haying a hub journaled on and rotatable independently of said first-named hub, a series of cylinders in said secondnamed drum, pistons travelingv in said cylinders', .neans carried by said firstnamed drum for causing the reciprocation of said pistons, means for admitting a transmission luidto said cylinders, an annular compression chamber common yto and having' communication with all of said cylinders, check valves for permitting the transmission fiuid to pass from said cylinders A' into said compression chamber but preventing back4 fiowinto said cylinders, means fastened to saidsecond-named drum and compression chamber 'and made fast on the otherA elements and providing a bearing in-which y the other of said elements may freely rotate, an `-annular channel provided in said drum, a cam track' situated in said channel, a second drum having a hub journaled on said first-mentionedy hub and capable of rotating independently thereof, bearings between said hubs,a' circular series of cylinders in said second-named drum, pistons reciprocating in said cylinders, a head common to all of said cylinders and having perforations therein and openings to admit a transmission fluid, rods on said pistons. re-

ceived through the perforations in saidlcylinder head, cross heads on said rods traveling in said camtrack, pairs of guides extending from said cylinder head for engagement. by said cross heads', a compression` chamber communicating with said cylinders, valves between .said compression `chamber and cylinders and means for regulating vthe discharge of the transmission fluid from said compression chamber, substantially as described.

9. In a device of the character described,

the combination of 'drive and driven ele-y ments, a drum fixed to rotate with one of said elements and including spaced concen-y nov tric `members forming an annular channel,

' pairs ofv offset'rings in said channel providing a cam track, a seconddrum fixed to rotate with the other of said elements, a circular series of cylinders in said second drum with their axes arrangedl parallel to said elements, a common head for all of said cylinders, rods on said pistons working through.

said heads, a cross head carrying means for operating in said cam track, guides for said cross heads, means' for admitting aV transmission fluidto said several cylinders, a compression chamber common to all of said cylinders, check valves between said ,cylinders and-compression chamber, and means `foi' ,regulating the discharge of the transmission fluid from said compression chamber, substantially as described.

In testimonywhereof, I affix my signature.

MARK H. MASSUERE

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