US1264889A - Telegraphy. - Google Patents

Description

W M. BRUCE, 1a..

TELEGRAPHY.

APPLICATION map APR-27.1915.

Patented; May 7,1918.

mam-

WILLIAM M. BRUCE, JR., Oli SPRINGFIELD, OHIO.

TELEG-BAPI-IY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May *7, rare.

Application filed April 27, 1916. Serial No. 94,833.

To (ZZZ who-m it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM M. BRUCE, .n, a citizen of the United States, residing at Springfield, in the county of Clark and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in lielegraphy, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in telegraphy and relates more particularly to improvements in that system of telegraphy devised by me and set forth in my prior Patents 1,146,234 dated July 13th, 1915 and 1 ,1.46,0 i9 dated July 13th, 1915.

In the said patents I have set forth means for sending uniform electrical impulses of opposite polarity at the beginning and the end of a character such as an ordinary Morse character in order that the potential ina high capacity conductor shall not be built up more in one direction and thus effect the zero and consequently a distortion of the character. In this system and particularly where the capacity of the conductor is depended upon more or less for holding up the receiving device after the impulse of current has been cut-ofi, I have found, particularly on short conductors or conductors of comparatively low capacity, that the receiving device may drop back before the impulse of opposite polarity is applied and thus there would develop a tendency to clip the dashes and in making a character such as an American Morse L, the dash might not be long enough to distinguish it from American Morse T, The present invention therefore has to do with circuits and apparatus for positively holding the receiving device inits forward or marking position until it is retracted by the wiping out impulse.

Generally speaking this improvement differs from my former patents in that in those patents all of the current from the current supply was cut off at a predetermined interval whether it was for a negative or positive impulse. In the present system I employ an auxiliary current supply which remains on the conductor until the main impulse of an opposite polarity is impressed thereon so that there is a slight amount of current of the same polarity as the last impulse which remains on the cable until the next impulse is impressed thereon. This auxiliary current supply may be very light and need not exceed from 2 to 3 per cent. of the voltage of the main current supply which produces the impulses but it has the effect of keeping the receiving relay in its operated. position after an impulse is impressed on the conductor until. an impulse of opposite polarity follows; the result being that the receiving relay will absolutely follow the movement of the sending my notwithstanding that the current impulses are cut off at a predetermined time as in my former patents and without regard to the length or capacity of the cable.

In the drawings I have shown a diagram of circuits showing my improved method or system. For the most part the circuits and apparatus from the sending end are the same as those shown. in my former Patent l. ld6,04;9 in which the key 41; operates a sending relay (5 which sends an impulse of current from a main battery 13 until the cut-01f relay 0 operates, when the current impulse would be cut oil by grounding the opposite side of the battery. In my present circuit 1 place in the leads from the main battery B to the sending relay Z), auxiliary batteries l3 and B and so arrange the connections that when the cut-off relay 0 moves to a position to cut off the main battery after an impulse of one polarity has been impressed on the cable, an auxiliary battery remains in circuit.- For instance, as shown in the drawing, a circuit can be traced from ground through the armature of the cut-ofi' relay and the auxiliary battery B to the contact on the sending relay 6 and thence through its armature to the cable or con ductor while the main battery B is cut off from the cable, thus there is negative bat lery of very light potential flowing to the cable or conductor at all times when the main battery is cut off. V'Vhen the key is depressed causing the sending relay to move to its other position, the circuit can be traced from ground through the cut-0H relay armature through the main battery and from the positive pole thereof and through the auxiliary battery B in series therewith until the cut-off relay 0 operates when the positive pole of the main battery will be grounded, leaving the positive auxiliary battery still in circuit so that while the positive impulse is cut oif there is still a very slightamount of positive current flowing into the cable.

The method of applying impulses to the cable from the battery B by use of the send ing relay 6 of the cut-off relay 0 is so fully described in my prior patents mentioned as to require no further detail description here, but briefly stated, depressing the key (I- operates the local relay a in a battery circuit therewith. The armature of this relay closes the circuit from ground at the relay 0 and through the armature of said relay and through the main battery B, wires 1 and :2 to the sending relay 6 and to ground. This operates the relay 29 causing its armature to close the circuit from ground at the relay 0 and its armature through battery l3 and auxiliary battery B, wire 3 to the armature of the relay 6 and wire t to cable or conducton'this also sends a current impulse through cut-0E relay 0 through the wire 5 which causes the relay 0 to operate and cuts off the supply of current from the main battery but permits the current from the auxiliary battery 13 to flow into the conductor over the circuit heretofore described by reason of the ground connection established through the armature of the relay 0 and wire 6 to one of the terminals of the auxiliary battery B. When the key is released the relay (1 returns to its normal position and sends an impulse from the main battery B through} wires 7 and 2 to the sending relay Z) whichfii causes it to operate in the opposite direc-} tion and send an impulse of current of op-! posite polarity from the main battery Bi and auxiliary battery B to armature of; relay 2') by wire 8 and thus to the cable through wire 4. When the cut-ofi' relay 0 i operates the auxiliary battery B will still supply current to the cable by reason of the ground connection established through wire 9 from the armature of the relay 0 to the terminal of the auxiliary battery B In order that the receiving relay cl which is of the usual polarized type may be affected by this current I employ shunts s and 8 around the duplexing condensers at the apex of the conductor and where condensers are used in the circuits of the receiving relay I employ shunts around them also. The result is that this small amount of current flowing to the conductor will be suiiicient to hold the delicate relay in its last operated position until it is positively moved. in the other direction by a current impulse from the main battery in the usual Way.

I have found in working on a circuit from ll aterville, Ireland to Canso, Nova Scotia that this arrangement of the auxiliary current supply not only renders the receiving instrument positive in its operation in dots and dashes and causes it to hold the clashes as long as the key is depressed, but it also has a tendency to render the conductor less sensitive to duplex disturbances which might vary the operation of the receiving device and cause a distortion of the character.

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1. In a system such as described, in which impulses of opposite polarity are applied to a cable for a predetermined interval at the beginning and end of a character, an auxiliary current supply arranged and adapted to be used in conjunction with the main supply when the impulse is supplied and to remain in circuit with the conductor after the main supply is cut off and until a succeeding impulse of opposite polarity is applied.

2. In a system, such as described, a main battery and means for supplying impulses of opposite polarity therefrom for a definite time, auxiliary batteries of opposite polarity one of which is adapted to remain in circuit with the conductor after the main supply is out 01?, in combination with a polarized receiving device which will be held in either operated position by one of said auxiliary batteries.

f 3. In a system such as described, a main battery and auxiliary batteries, means for causing said main battery to discharge current of opposite polarity 1n con unct1on with one of said auxiliary batteries and for ,'cutting off said main battery and leaving the auxiliary battery in circuit until an impulse of opposite polarity from the main battery is applied.

4. In a system such as described, having a sending apparatus for, sending impulses of current of opposite polarity for a definite time and increasing these impulses by auxiliary current supply and causing said auxiliary supply to remain on the conductor after the main supply has been cut off, a receiving device which is moved in one direction by an impulse of one polarity and in the opposite direction by an impulse of another polarity, duplexing condensers in the sending end of the conductor, and shunts around said condensers as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 18th day of November,

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Eatents.

Washington; D. (1.

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