US1264708A - Internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

L. STOBK. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUGJI. 19!]. 1,264,708. Patented Apr. 30. 1918.

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lNTERNAL COMBUSHON ENGINE.

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1,264,708. PatenfbdApr. 30, i918.

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INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 30, 1918.

Application filed August 8, 1917. Seriai No. 185,122.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Lawnnnon Swan, a citizen of the United States, residing at Weigh, in the county of Randolph and State of Illinois, have invented certain useful Improvements in Internal Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

This invention has reference generally to that class of inventions known as internal combustion engines and more particularly relates to an internal combustion engine of the double ended piston type.

As the primary aim and object this invention contemplates the provision of a device of the character mentioned of such a nature that when completely assembled it will be well balanced on the crankshaft and will operate smoothly and with a minimum amount of vibration.

It is an equally important object of this invention to provide a device of this character wherein a maximum power is attained by the employment of a relatively few number of parts, thus reducing the cost of upkeep of the device to a considerable extent.

Among the other aims and objects of this invention may be recited the provision of a device of the character mentioned with a view to compactness, and in which the number of parts are few, the construction simple, the cost of production low and the eiliciency high.

Other objects as well as the nature, characteristic features and scope of this invention will be more readily apparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings and pointed out in the claim, forming a part of this specification.

In the accompanying drawings:---

Figure 1 is a side elevation thereof;

Fig. Q'is a central vertical section;

Fig. 3 is a transverse section;

Fig. 4 is a section taken through the exhaust manifold; 1

Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectionon line 5+5 of Fig. 1 in the direction in which the arrows point; and

Fig. 6 is a horizontal section taken on line 6-6 of Fig. 1 in the direction in which the arrows point.

Similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views in the drawings.

Referring now, more particularly, to the accompanying drawings there is provided an engine consisting of a casing 1 in which 18 arranged a plurality of cylinders 2 supportedon the base 3 and surrounded by water ackets 4 of the conventional design. The ad]acent walls of adjacent pairs of cylinders are provided with opposed longitudmal slots 5 while double piston heads 6 and 7 operate in the cylinders. Packing rings 8 are arranged on the double piston heads for assuring of an effective operation of the cylinders. Wrist pins 9 extend transversely through the adjacent double'piston heads approximately intermediate the ends thereof and operate in the opposed slots in the walls of the cylinders. Connecting rods 10 have their upper ends operably connected to the intermediate portion of each wrist pin and operate between adjacent pairs of cylinders in a manner that will hereinafter become apparent.

With a view toward providing improved means for lubriculinoj the pistons during rcciprocaiion each wrist pin is provided with a central longitudinal bore 11 one end of which is arranged to register with the lubrieating oil supply pipe 12 leading from an oil supply 13. Normally the piston heads being arranged in close relation with the adjacent wail of the cylinder cioses the supply pipe 12 but when the adjacent bore 11 alincs therewith oil will he spouted into the bore and pass through transverse outlet openings in the wrist pin adjacent the outer edges of the double piston heads as indicated in the drawing.

The main crank shaft 15 is journaled in crank shaft bearings 16 and is provided with oppositely extending crank portions 1? in which are operably connected the inner ends of the connecting rods 19 as indicated by the numeral 18. These crank portions operate in the crank casing 19 over to the under surface of the base. A fly wheel 20 is mounted on one endiof the main shaft 15 to assure of an eifcctive operation of the on gins.

As intimated, improved intake means have been provided and in the present in- Y stance consist. cl. an upper manifold fl, the branches oi. which communicate with the upper ends of the cylinders 2 while the manifold itself is arranged in communication with a main supply pipe 23. A lower intake manifold is also employed, the branches thereof being arranged in communication with the lower ends of the rcspective cylinders El. Spring seated suction operated. valves il are mounted in each of the branch pipes 22 and 25 for controlling the passage 01' inc] into the engine cylinders.

The preferred exhaust means of this internal combustion engine in the present instance consist of an upper exhaust manifold 27 and a. lower exhaust manifold 28 both of which manifolds are arranged in communication with the exhaust pipe 29 by means of pipe sections 30. The branches 3] of the up per and lower exhaust manifolds are enlarged and are arranged in communication with the cylinders adjacent the upper and lower ends thereof. These enlarged branches in effect constitute valve casings and valve seats 32 are mounted therein cooperating with the valve heads 33. A valve stem 34- is rigidly connected to each valve head and is slidably mounted as at in a boss 36, the free ends of the stems are arranged eXtcriorly of the manifolds and extend in a direction toward each other as indicated in the drawings. Suitable resilient means such as coil. springs 37, the respective ends of which bear against the adjacent bosses and a suitable adjusting elemcnt such as nut 38 on the stem serve to normally hold the valves seated. However, the valves are designed to be actuated or moved into an open position against the tension of the springs in a manner that will hereinafter become apparent.

For the purpose of providing improved valve actuating means a valve operating gear 39 is mounted on one projecting end of the main shaft 15 and meshes with an intermediate gear 40 rotatal'ily mounted on the adjacent end of the engine casing which in turn meshes with the gear 41 carried by the rotatably mounted valve cam shaft 42. Pairs of cams 43 are carried. at spaced intervals by the shaft 42 and during rotation cooperate with the outer ends of the valve stems 34, the cams being adjusted in accord ance with a timer 44 mounted on the opposite end of the shaft 42 and which in turn is operably connected to the spark plugs 45 mounted adjacent the upper and lower ends of the cylinders so as to permit of the double ended pistons to scavenge the cylinders at predetermined intervals.

The mode of operation of the present invention may be reviewed as follows:

Assuming that the parts have been assembled in the manner described and as indicated in the drawings, upon rotation of the main crank shaft 15 the lowermost piston head T in Fig. 1: will have jud (U[ll]'Jl'li"l the charge, the adjacent inialiv valve till la ing closed while th adjacent lowermost pis ton head T will have just sravcngcih the adjacent exhaust. valve being held Olil'll by the correspondingly adjusted rain ill. The piv ton head (i of the. uppermo t double piston head to the left has i'aiioprcsscd the cl'iargn, the valve 26 being closed during this actiini. while the adjacent piston head (i to the ex treine right has just scavenged, the exhaust valve being held open by the cam. Of course the opposite end of each piston head in each cylinder is correspondingly positioned. the admission and exhausting of the gases being controlled by the valves 26 and As soon as the charges have exploded in the cylin ders mentioned an impulse will be respectively imparted to the lowermost crank portion 17 to move it upwardly and to the uppermost crank portion 17 to move it down wardly and of course by continued actuation of the double headed pistons in the corresponding cylinders two positive impulses will be imparted to the main shaft during one rotation thereof. As the open end of each bore 11 in the wrist pin 9 alinc with the lubricating oil pipe 12 oil will be spout;- ed thercthrough so to maintain the piston heads well lubricated so as to assure of an easy running thereof.

In view of the foregoing description it is believed that a further detailed description of the operation is entirely unnecessary. Likewise it is believed that the advantages of the invention will be readily apparent. However, it may he mentioned that by adju ting the cams lb and the timer 4% the cxplosion in the cylinders and the ignition and exhausting oi the T can be readily con trolled or changed.

As many changes. could be made in the above construction and many apparently widely different embodiments of this invenlion could be made without departing from the scope thereof. and it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limited sense. It is also to be understood that the language used in the following claim is intended to cover all the generic and specific features of the invention herein described and all statements of the scope of the invention, which, as a matter of language might be said to fall therebctwwm.

What is claimed is:

A device of the character described, a pair of. cylinders formed with registering slots For establishing communication therebetween, piston heads operably arranged within the cylinders, a wrist pin extending transversely through the piston heads and operating-in the slots in the cylinders and terminating at the outer edges oi the piston ill.)

heads, the pin being provided with a longitudinal bore and also provided with openings communicating with the adjacent edges of the piston heads a supply pipe mounted in one of the cylinders and normally closed by the adjacent piston head but registering at times with one end of the bore for spouting oil therein so as to lubricate the heads, a main Shaft, and a rod for operably connecting the wrist pin to the main shaft.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

LAWRENCE STORK.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

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