US1254317A - Process of converting garbage into food. - Google Patents

Description

W. H. FAUST.

PROCESS 0F CONVERTING GARBAGE INTO FOOD. APPLICATION FILED III/w16, 1917.

tml 7. Patented Jan. 22,1918.

. To all whom t may concern onto.

Ui' H. FA'ST, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO MAHLON' E. FAUS'JI,

OF LOSv ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

PROCESS OF CONVJEBTING GBAGE INTO FOOD.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 22, 19513,.

lltpplication filed May 16. 1917. Serial No. 168,947.

lBe it known that I, WILLIAM H. FAUsr, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Process of Converting Garbage Into Food, of which the following is a specication.

This invention relates to a process by which to convert garbage or food refuse into food having high nutritive value for poul try and other live-stock.l

An object of the invention is to recover Y from-garbage all of the food values so as to prevent waste.

Another object is to produce food of this character entirely freefrom germs detrimental to the health of the animals to which it is fed. p

Another object is to convert the garbage into food by a process of comparative simplicity and low-cost. l.

@ther objects and advantages will appear in the subjoined detail description.

The accompanying drawings illustrate an apparatus capable of performing the various operations of the new process.

Figure 1 is aside elevation partly in section and more or less diagrammatic of an apparatus for performing the major portion of the newly invented process.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of Fig. 1, the upper floor being broken away for clearness of illustration.

Fig'. 3 is a sectional detail on line indi-A cated5 by ac3-:0% Fig. 1.

The apparatus now to 4be described is only i representativel of apparatus that may be f employed for performing various operations 1n the newly-invented process and is only illustrated and described in order t make clear the various operations. In the instance shown in the drawings there is provided a hopper 1 to receive the garbage from the garbage trucks or wagons? not shown, which are adapted to run upon the dump runway 2 provided with an opening 3 through which the garbage is ldumped from the trucks into the hopper.

The bottom 4 of the hopper may be somewhatinclinedv forward and downward as shown and the forward portion of said floor forms a sorting table 5 in which there is provided longitudinally at its middle a depression or groove 6 for draining purposes there being a drain outlet 7 from said groove. The bottom 4 may be inclined upward transversely from the groove 6 toward the sides of the hopper.

At the lower end of the table 5 is provided a boot 8 of an elevator or conveyer, indicated in general by the character 9 and preferably of the flight type, which is somewhat inclined upwardly and forwardly so that the upper end discharges into a hopper 10 of a steam-j acketed cooker or drier 11 of any suitable construction, steam being admitted to the jacket of the drier through a steam supply pipe 12.

During the cooking or drying operation steam or watery vapor from the material being cooked or dried may be drawn 0H from the cooker before condensation by an exhaust pipe 13, there being an exhaust pump or fan l1K1 to suck the vapor into the pipe 13 and discharge it therefrom. The exhaust pipe 15 from the pump 14 is preferably carried to sufficient height to properly high temperatures. The drler 11 may be of the rotary-blade type so that the material fed thereto will be stirred andmore ,or less homogenized.

Atthe discharge end'of the cooker 11 is a boot 16 of a conveyer or elevator indicated in general by the character 17. Preferably this elevator is of the bucket type and the discharge end thereof is arranged over a hopper 18 Aof a grinder indicated in general by the character 19. The'grinder 19 is not illustrated and described in detail herein Vsincevany suitable type of grinder well known in the art may be employed and since the particular construction of the grinderl forms no part of this present invention.

The discharge 20"v of the grinderis elevated sufficiently above a floor 21 as to permit a car 22 to run therebeneath so as to receive the product discharged from the grinder. rl`he conveyer 9, cooker 11, pump 14, elevator 17 and grinder 19 are operated lill by any well known or desired means not necessary to describe in detail since the appllcation of power to the various parts 1s well understood in the mechanic arts.

The process of converting garbage into foodis performed as follows: The garbage collected from residences, hotels, cafs and other places will be transported to the hopper' 1 and dumped therein and operatives located adjacent the sorting table 5 will separate foreign matter such as paper, Wood and the like from the edible material and will also preferably remove any large bones.

The garbage will be fed from the table 5 into the lconveyer 9 thence into the cooker 11.

The large bones removed from the sorting table 5 will be run through the grinder 19 and the ground bone will then be fed` into the cooker 11 so as to be thoroughly sterilized to'exterminate any disease germs that may be in the marrpw of the bones. Thus the large bones may be run through the grinder before being cooked and then fed into the cooker and theremixed thoroughly with the material discharged'into the cooker from the conveyer 9.

Assuming that steam is supplied to the cooker in a manner well understood inthe art pertaining to cookers the garbage containing the ground bone will be cooked for four hours more or less at a temperature of 312 degrees Fahrenheit, more or less, and the watery vapor will be drawn olf through the pipe so as to leave the cooked material in a dry condition. After cooking the garbage for about four hours superheated steam will be supplied to the jacket of the cooker 11 for from five to ten minutes so as to sterilize the garbage and insure that all disease germs or micro-organisms in the cooked mass are destroyed. During the cooking operation the fats in the garbage coalesce with those solids which are capable of absorbing them, and the breadstuffs and other amylaceous substances are in reality toasted. f

After the foregoing described operations are completed the cooked, sterilized and dried material is discharged'from the cooker 11 into the elevator 17 and thence 'into the grinder 19. The material when it leaves the cooker 11 is very dry and therefore when ground in the grinder 19, the ground product is vof granular character and contains very little moisture and is of a brown color.

From the grinder 19 the ground product is discharged into the car 22 and is transported over the floor 21 to a suitable place Where it is deposited in windrows to sweat or absorb atmospheric moisture. This 0peration is completed in nine days more or less and at the end of the sweating period the product is readyv to be used as food for poultry'and other live-stock.

Of course the finished product produced 14.16%, 36.4l2f7m`crudc ber 6.66%, ash 14.82%.

at different timeswhen chemically analyzed will vary to some slight degree inthe proportions of various food substances.V Some of the finished product analyzed as follows: moisture 10.10%, fat (ether extract) protein 17 .84%, carbohydrates It may be desirable when using the iinished product for poultry food to' increase the percentage of some of the food values and decrease others and when used for this purpose some of the fat is extracted so as to decrease the `percentage thereof to 6%, the protein is increased to 20% by adding lish meal, and the carbohydrates are increased to 51% by adding potatoes, corn or wheat. This will produce a balanced ration for the feeding of poultry. y

Iam aware that garbage has been treated in various ways to produce fertilizers and fuel, but it is clear that by this process I am enabled to make a greater saving from the garbage because of converting allof it into food for live-stock. i

Particular attention is directed to the fact that drying the material before grinding facilitates grinding the material into suitable form ready for use. It is also noted that grinding'of the larger bones lbefore cooking and then thorough cooking and sterilization of the ground bone in conjunction with the other constituents of the garbage is ofadvantage in destroying any micro-organisms that may have been in the bones, particularly in the marrow of said bones.

By employing a steam-jacketed cooker it is clear that the garbage is cooked to a dry form and that the garbage is thoroughly sterilized when in the dry form by high temperature attained by the use of superheated steam.

I claim:

1. The process of converting garbage into food, which consists in cooking the garbage until dry, and then grindingthe dried material.

2. The process of converting garbage into food, which consists in cooking the garbage for a comparative long period of time at near the boiling point to drive oft'V the moisture, heating the cooked material for a comparatively short period of time to a much greater temperature to sterilize it, and then grinding the cooked and sterilized material.

-3. The process of converting garbage into' food, which consists in cooking the garbage until dry, .grinding the dried material, and placing the ground material in windrows to absorb atmospheric moisture.

4. The process of converting garbage into food, which consists'in separating the larger bones from the remainder of the garbage,

- grinding the bones thus separated, cooking the ground bone and the remainder of the maaar? garbage together until dry, and then grinding the driedmaterial.

5. The process of converting garbage into food, Whichconsists in cooking and drying the garbage for a comparatively long period of time at a temperature of approximately 212 degrees Fahrenheit, heating the garbage thus cooked and dried to a temperature of approximately 400 degrees Fahrenheit to insure the destruction of all micro-organisms therein, and then grinding the material thus treated to produce a granular food composition. t 6. rlhe process of converting garbage into food, which consists in separating the larger bones from the remainder of the garbage, grinding the bones thus separated, cooking the ground bones and the remainder of the i garbage together until dry, grinding the dried material, and placing the ground materialin windrows for a predetermined period of time to absorb atmospheric moisture. 7. The process of converting garbage into food, Which consists in Cookin the garbage until dry, subjecting the dried garbage in directly to the heat of superheated steam, and then grinding the garbage thus treated to roduce a granular rood composition.

igned at Los Angeles, California, this 11th day of May 1917.

Witwen n. rainer. Witnesses GEORGE H, Elms, j A. l?. SCHMMBA

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