US1250188A - Engine-starting system. - Google Patents

Description

C. F. KETTERING & W. A. CHRYSTQ ENGINE STARTING SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED'SEPT. 13, 19 13.

Patented Dec. 18, 1917.

1 2555555 fizz/2122271"? 1 mam gwmq t cl F. KETTERING & w. A. CHRYST.

ENGINE STARTING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED SHT- I3. 1913- m. In B s wk. Du E dw. m H .w a P.

c. F'. KETTERING a w; A. CHRY ST. ENGINE STARTING SYSTEM. ABPRCAIIUII FILEDSEPT- Israels I 1,250,188. Patented Dec. 18,191

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

UNITED STATES P TENT l CHARLES IF. KETTERING AND, WILLIAM A 'CHRYST, OF DAYTON,-OHIO, ASSIGNOBS TO THE DAYTON ENGINEERING LABORATORIES COMPANY, A. CORPORATION OF OIIIO.

ENGINE-STARTING sYs'rEM.

. v -.Speei'fieat1on of Letters Patent- To all whom ma concern." 7

Be it know the. we, CHARLES F. humanmo and WILLIAM A. CnaYs'r, citizens of the United States of America, residing at Dayton, county of. Montgomery, and State of Ohlo, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Engine-Starting Systems, of which the following is a full, clear,.and exact description. This invention relates to electric starting and generating devices, in which the electric machine has a double wound armature and a brush lifting switch, such for exam 1e as shown in the applications of C. F..I\etter ing, Serial No. 721,237, filed September 19, 1912 {and Kettering and' Chryst, Serial'No.

. 778,934, filed July 14, 1913.

It is amongnthe general objects of the presentinvention to improve upon the constructions shown in the applications referred V to, and more particularly to provide different sets of field windings for the electric machine, to be used. selectively with the different armature windings to secure th desired results in the way'of the cranking movement, the generating operation, and

theslow initial starting movement of the electric machine. And with these devices are combined the arrangements of the brush liftingswitch, for

the motor armature circuit, and an. additional," outside switch, for controlling or' selecting the desired circuit arrangements to perform the different functions referred to. With these general objects in View, and

for the purpose of accomplishing'tl'ie various desired results by novel arrangement and combination of the elements of the systern, a preferred form of embodiment of these improvements is shown in the .accom panying drawings and described in detail hereinafter;

-. cranking operation.

-Referring to the drawings: g Figure 1 isa diagrammatic View of the electrical connections and circuits embodied in the present invention, the brushes being' shown In their normal position, that is, for the generating operation of the machine and Fig. 1*} is. a similar view, but with the brushes shown as shifted "for the motor 2 is a top plan view of a of an automobile including the engine" This view illustrates a. preferred form of combining the starting device with'the engine,

Fig. 3 is a detail top plan view partly in section of the starting device, clearly showing the controlling mechanism in combination with the shiftahle gearing and cut-out relay at one end of the starting device, and the brush lifting mechanism at the opposite end thereof. P

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary detail view in section of an engine having a starting device applied thereto, showing the gearing thereofin starting position.

Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view of the Patented Dec. 18,1917.

electric machine applied to an engine having Fig. 8 is. a detail view of. the motor brush and its commutator, saidbrnsh being held in its normal circuit breaking position by;

the controlling mechanism. a

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 8,-showing the brush in positionto close the motor circuit, for starting purposes. Y 1

Fig. 10 is a detail view of one. of the motor and one of the generator brushesmounted on a common supporting element or plate which also constitutes acover for one of the openings in the front end housing.

Referring to the drawings and more especially tov Figs. 2 to 10- inclusive, the numeral 20 designates the side frames of the chassis while the numeral 21 indicates the.

engine, provided with a flywheel272, having gear .teeth 23 cutin itsperi'pher'yf The-type of chassis and engine" construction shown in the present instance is similar to that manufactured and placed- 'on the market by the Buick Motor Car Company.

The dynamo electric machine is designated by the numeral 24 and is adapted to be driven as a generatorduring the normal I operation of -the engine, by meansof the timing gears 25', which transmit motion to the generator through the 26, as is clearly shown in 2.

I The location and arrangement of the dy- In'amo electric machine is similar in certain respects to that described, illustrated and claimed in the patents and applications above versely between the side frames 20, said rod also passes through and is fixed to the" sleeve 28, to which the pedal is connected. As is shown in the present instance, the sleeve 28 also has a projection. 30, which is pivotally connected with the rod 81. This rod 31 extends forwardly and is connected in any suitable manner with the rod 32, one end of which projects outwardly from the rear end housing 33 of the dynamo electric machine. This supplemental shaft or rod 32extends from the dynamo electric machine parallel with. the armature thereof, but suitably spaced apart therefrom.

The front end of this rod isrbeveled as at 34, said beveled portion resting adjacent to a roller or other suitable friction reducingelement 35, carried by the brush holder '36 of the movable motor brush 37.

An suitable bearings for the shaft 32 e providedinthe end housings and gmain frame of the electric machine, so as to assure the alinement of said rod at all times.

The rear end housing 33 of the electric machine, as will be clearly seen from Figs. 2, 3 and 4, is divided into suitable com artments, in one of which is located the s iftable coupling gearing 38, which comprises the pinions 39 and 40, mounted upon the 'stub' shaft 41. A pro ecting arm 44, carried by the rod 32, is connected with the shiftablegearing 38, in such a manner that when the rod 32 is moved longitudinally,

a corresponding movementv of the gearing 38 will be efiected.-

By referring to Figs. 2 and 3, it will beseen that the pinion 39 normally rests ad'acent to but out of engagement with t e teeth 23 formed'on the periphery of the fly wheel, while the pinion 40 rests adjacent to but out of engagement wi the pinion 42, carried on the armature shaft 430i the electric'machine.

As has been explained in the patents and the co-pending applications heretofore referred to, the space between the pinion 40 and the armature pinion 42 is'less than the space between the pinion 39 and the fly wheel gearing, when in normal position.

Thisis so that when the gearing is shifted, the pinion 40 will engage with the armature pinion, previous to th engagement of the pinion 39 with the fly wheel gearing.

It will of course be understood that the end housing 33 is provided with an open form part of the contactsare concerned and only able gearing just described, while another of the compartments contains certain of the switch elements which control a part of the electrical connections of the system, which will be described hereinafter.

One of these switch units comprises the contact eslates 45, 46 and 47, respectively, so arrang that the plates 45 and 46 will be normally in closed position. These plates enerator circuit which, as will up ar hereinafter from the descri tion of t e electrical connections, will e normally a closed circuit in so far as these pened at these contacts at such times as it is desired to emplo the system for starting purposes.

The p ate 47, which is mounted ad acent lug or rejection 48 which extends into the .ath o the cams 49 and 50, carried by and xed to the rod 32.

From the above description, it will be noted that when the peda 27, of the main operating mechanism is depressed by the operator, the. rod 31 will be drawn rearwardly, thus in turn moving the shaft 32 in a similar direction. The first operation which will be efl'ected by the movement of the pedal 27 will be the closing of the contact plates 47 and 45, this being efl'ected b {he :gm 49 engaging with t e insula is initial movement of the operating pedal is for the purpose of producin the 105.' slow' initialrotation of the electric mac ine,

a movement of the gears at this time, inasmuch as there is a certain amount of lost motion permitted, previous to its shifting the gearing 88.

As soon as the contact plates 47 and 45 I are brought together, a circuit will be closed through the generator windings, which will effect a slow initial rotation of the arma- -ture, so that when the" rod 32 is further moved rearwardly, the pinion 40 will readily engage with the armature pinion 42, which will of course transmit a rotating movement to said gearing and thus facilitate the cou lin'gnp of the pinion 39 to the gear teetho the fly wheel.

. Thearrangement of the circuits above referrcd to willbe fully described hereinafter. The, continued movement of the operatin pedal and its connected shaft 32 is adapte 'to' connect up the electric motor to the fly wheelof the engine for cranking pug-poses. That is, the couplin gearing 38 thereupon moves into its coup. ing pos1t1oh, in which the gear wheel 40 meshes with the armature pinion 42, (see Figs. 3 and 4), and the gear wheel 39 meshes with the teeth on the fly-,

wheel of the engine." This coupling movenient is an accompaniment to the slow initial starting movement referred to,which slow initial movement facilitates the enmeshment of the gearing.

:The parts are now in position ready for the cranking operation, so that the further movement of the operating pedal and its connected rod 32, is adapted to operate the necessaryswitches for the motor cranking] erably as follows:

operation.

jInv Fig. .1", the rod 32 is shown shifted to its left hand position, wherein theouter cam 50 still further depresses the contact'stri 47, so that it not only. makes contact wit the strip 45, but als separates the strip 45 from the contact strip 46. The efiectof thisis to break the generator circuit forthcmotor. cranking operation.

. 'Atthe same'time, as shown in Figs.3,-7

and 8, the beveled end 34 ofthe continuation ofthe rod 32', (sliding to the right as shown in Fig. 3), will permit the SPI'IIIg PI'GSSEd brush holder 36 to drop" down,'--under influ ence of thespring- 81. This is the commutator brush of, the motor cranking circuit,

' as shown in Figs. 1. and 1; when dropped down to the position shown in Rig.

1*, this motor brush 37' then makes contact with the motor commutator 52 andthe motor armature windings.

to crank the "engine for starting purposes.

applications heretofore referred a, a oneway/ clutch mechanismis' embodied in the i gear wheel 40, sothat' at any time that the engine tends to drive the motor, this oneway CllltChrWlH-hfl brought into effect, so as to substantially disconnectzthe motor from the engine.

Inasmuch as this clutch structure is demamas y l 3 ends of the frame, This operation will eflectthe closing of the motor"circi1it, so that the electric machine will operate-with. a high torque effect,

pending. lic'atio'ns it is not shown or de-.. etail in the present application;

scnbed in By referring to Fi 5, one of the .pre ferredembodiments o the dynamo'electric,

machine is clearly shown.

In certaln types of engines, such foriri stance as are em loyed as power hints in automobiles of t e Buick type, t e crank case or certain parts of the engine frame are constructed of nonmagnetic material,

such as aluminum'or its equivalent. [It is well known that in electric machines, itis advisable to provide a base for the machine which is of nonmagnetic material, so that the magnetic. path through the frame of the machine will be interrupted and the. flux will be diverted across the armature.

The construction just referred to, is described and claimed in a co ending appli; cation filed as a division of t e resent up fplication, and bearing Serial 0. 81310, led-March 1, 1916. The general structure referred to is pref- The electric machine, as will be clearly seen from Fig. 5, comprises the sidewframes 55 and 56, connected together at their upper ends by means of the transverse bar orblock 57, which is connected-by any suit-l able fastening means 58. This bar forms a support for the .field coil 59, which. in

orator and motor field windings. p f The free endof'the frame 56 terminates in an enlargement which constitutes one of the pole PIECES of the machine while the "the present invention contains both the genframe 55 also has an' enlarged portion which constitutes the opposite pole piece. The

free ends of the side frames are so arranged that a space is .left therebetween. a i

In mounting the electric machine on: the crank case of the engine, a portion thereof tends to extend into this space. between-the the ma armature.

' Any suitable arrangement may be made forinclosing the-top of the machine, as by f the cover 60.

The electric machine embodied in the pres ent' invention is provided with a front end casing which has an opening at one side 'thereof,"wh1ch is'adapted to be closed by means of a cover plate 70. This cover plate isso arranged that it carries the lower motor orator commutator brush 75.

eliy suitable manner on one aided the l and thereby interrupts: gnetlc path through the frames'and thus diverts the magnetic flux across the scribed in detailin the mel o ed 00- a This brush is npr nallyheldin position at.

I to engage the commutator by means of the they spring 74, and is provided with an eatension 73', which prevents the brush holder from movement toward the armature after the brush has worn down to'a predetermined point. v

The generator brush comprises the brush elemen 15, carried by the holder 7 6, mount ed on t I opposite side of the lug 73, while the spring 78 is so positioned as to normally maintain the said brush in contact with its commutator.

Now, if at any time it is desired to repair or replace one of these brush units, it is only necessary to remove the late 70, by loosening the means which hold sition.

The upper set' of brushes, as shown in Fig. 7 comprise the 'motorbrush 37, secured to the holder 36, which in turn is pivotally mounted on the-plate 79. The rear end of the holder is provided with a roller 01" other friction reducin member 35, as has been explained heretofore, and normally rests in such. a positionthat it will be engaged by the rod 32, and held in a raised position, away '-from the motor commutator of the armature, and against the tension of the spring 81. i l

Any removable cover means may be a plied to the front end housing to inclose t e up pgr brush structure.

0 electrical connections included in the present invention are clearly shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 1 and will now be described.

It will be appreciated that when the machine is emplo ed for starting purposes, a hihgh torque e ect is required, in order to e ciently crank or turn over the engine to R imit the same to become self actuating.

's high torque efi'ect is secured in the present instance by supplying current of comparatively high amperage, at a relatively vlow voltage, to certain of the armature and field windings.

On the other hand, it is equally desirable that the machine, when operating as agenerator, shall supply current of such an amperage and voltage as will be proper to charge the battery.

It is advantageous to employ a separate set of windings and electrical connections,'

inasmuch as the proper wattage for charging a battery employed in this type of system is usuall (other conditions being as are int e presentcase) much lower than the wattage which the battery discharges to the motor for starting purposes.

'It is also highly desirable that the generator be brought up to a point of where its voltage is suflicient to effect the charging of the battery as quickly, as possible, after it has commenced to operate andat the lowest speed possible.

' In carrying out these objects, the motor s it in applied pogenerating operation; and the third an auxiliary series field winding, wound oppositely to the shunt field winding, to give the well known differential effect for regulation of the generating current.

Other devices for further reg'lllation of this current are also included as referred to.

Furthermore, 'the. switch arrangements are of such character that the shunt field set of windings, above referred to, are used accumulatively with the first mentioned set of ereinafter series field windings of the cranking circuit,

so that during the cranking operation the field is energized by the joint effect of the hea series field winding and the shunt field win ing.

By referring to Fig. *1, it will be supposed that the engine to which the starting system is appliedis at rest and that it is desired to start the same. l

p The electrical connections will be in the position shown i Fig. 1, and the sequence of operations whic will complete the cycle of operation of the controlling mechanism will be as follows; Upon an initial movement of the rod 32, contact plates 47 and 45, will be brought'to ther, thus closing the circuit so that curren will flow from the accumulator, 90, which is preferably of the storage t 6 battery type,

through the wire 91, to' late 47, viawire 92. From this has 47,

it will proceed through the plate 4 where a portion through the contact plate 46, through the wire 93, and across the generatorbrushes and therefore through the ground connection 95, and back to the bat; tery 90, via wire 96. I 1 V Z The remainder of the current will proceed via wire 97, branch wire 98" through the winding 99, which ordinarily constitutes the shunt winding of the ground connection 95, throng the wire 100 and thence back to the battery via wire 96.

of the current will branch of.

erator-arma-. ture windings to. the wire 9 thence to the erhtor, the

Thisfiow of current will efi'ect the operation Y of the machine as a motor, at a reduced speed. 4 I I A continued movement of the above menrevious description, will couple the startmg deyice up to the engine for startingpuroses, b theshifting of the coupling gearmg 38 into engagement with the armature tioned rod 32, it will be recalled from the pinion and the fly whel of the engine. This same into-contact with the motor commututor and thus close the following circuit:

from'the battery 90, through the wire 91, through the series Winding 101, the brush holder 36, brush 37, across the armature that is, through the motor-armature windings,

through the opposite motor brush 72 to ground, via wire 102, and back to the batte1X, via wire 96. v

' s above stated, the shunt field circuit 15 closed at this tlme, and as this is the position for the moton-c ranking' operation, it

is obvious that the series'field winding and shunt field winding are assisting each other in field energization, during this period of motor cranking.

It will also be noted, that, as appears from the applications above referred to, there are two separate sets of armature Windings, the generator windings and the motor windings. The generator-armature windings: are used for the slow initialmovement to facilitate the coupling referred to,-and'are likewise used for the regulargenerating operatio'n,+and the motor-armature windings are used for the engine cranking operationi'.

The pair of generator brushes 75"remain in contact with the commutator bars of the generator-armature windings; one of the motor brushes, viz, 72, remains in contact with the commutator bars of the motorarmature, but the other motor brush 37 is carried'by the movable arm 36, so as to constitute a means for making and breaking 'the motor circuit for the engine cranking operation, thus constituting a brush lifting switch.

- As also explained inthe applications re ferred to, the motor-armature windings are i preferably of few, heavy. turns to give-hi h wattage and torque for cranking, while t e generator-armature windings are of greater number of turns and higher resistance for the charging condition. p

Nomas soo fi as the engine becomes self operating, the operator "releases the pressure on the pedal 27, which in turn will permit ,the rod. 32, .to be brought back into its nor mal positiornby means of the spring or other suitable mechanism 103. This return movei GO nent of the rod 32 to 'its normal position,

will again raisethe motor brush 37 out of contact with its commutator and thus the circuit just described will be broken, so that the machinewill no longer operate as a series motor. However, thecentact P tes ii: a d

' 1 I 46 will assume their normal position to close the generator circuit, while-the plates and 4:? will be spaced apart, so that the initial circuit described as being adapted to pass current through the'sh-unt winding of the generator, "to operate the same as a motor, will be broken.

It is now considered that the engine is selfactuating and operating under normal conditions. The electric machine will then be driven by the timing-gears 25, tr motion through the shaft 26, to th of the electric machine. The on -ways utolr is included in the front end housing of the dynamo-electric-machine 24, which may be of the same type as that shown and described in the co-pending applications heretofore referred to. This clutch permits the armature of the electric machineto operate free of'the shaft 26, at such times as the shaft 26 is rotating at a less speed than the armature. However, as 'soon as the speed of the shaft 26 equals or becomes greater than the armature, the clutch will couple up the armature and the shaft 26, whereby the machine will be'operated as a generator, being driven by the engine. This operation of the armature will tend to generate current which will flow through the following circuit: from the g n ra or brush 104, through the wire 93, contact plates 46 and 45,, wire 97, where a' portion of the current will tend to flow through the iron wire "shunt-106,- while the remainder of the currentwill flow through the wire.98, to the point 107, where a further division of the current; will be made and a part thereof will .fiow through the shuntfield 99, through the wire 100,-to the opposite generator'brush 7 5. The remainder of the current will. pass through the auxiliary series winding-108 whose windings are opposed in direction to those of the shunt windings 99, through the wire 109, to the wire 110, which, connects with the cut-out relay or current interrupter 112.

This relay, has-for its function to prevent the flow of current from the battery, back.

through the electric machine, at such time as the voltage; a ross the. terminals off'the. machine is less t an the voltage across the" termin'als""of the. battery.

It will be appreciated that when the erator starts to operate, the voitage will by Now, as soon as t e cut-out relay device is so energized that it will at ract h arro ture 114, to close the contact plates 115 and 116, the current will flow through the heavy winding 117, through the wire 118, to the wire 91, across the battery .90, to the ground connection 95, and back across the generator.

As has been already Stated, it is extremely desirable to effect a quick building up of the generator so that it will immedlately, upon starting to operate, commence to charge the battery. hls is assisted in the present instance y inserting an iron w re shunt 106 in such a manner as to short clrcuit the auxiliary or. opposed series winding of the generator circuit, so that most of the current will initially phss through this shuntrather than throu the series windin thus permitting the V0 tage of the shunt eld to rise rapidly. v

However, as soon as the ironwire 106 begins to heat up, its resistancewill also tend to increase and'this will divert the flow of current through the opposed series winding, until such a time as a balancing eficct is secured in the generator field windings. A similar arrangement of iron wire resistance is described more in detail in the Patent 1,171,055, above referred to.

In the present invention, it will of course be understood that the proportioning of the windings and the. conductivity thereof will be arranged so as to produce the most efiicient machines for the purposes desired, and it will also he understood that the sequence of operations and the relative timing thereof will be effected by the formation and arrangement of the mechanical elements in any suitablelmanner.

From the receding description, it will be seen fthat t e various field windin sand armature windings are difierent-ly se ected, according to the desired operative condition.

That is, for the slow initial starting move ment (in which the coupling between engine and motor is effected), the shunt field winding 99 is used; and at this time the electric machine acts as a motor usin the armature windings which are ordinarl y used as the generator-armature windings.

, Secondly, for the engine'cranking movement, the heavy series field windin 101 is used, assisted by the shunt field win ing 99; and during this eriod, the electric machine is acting as a series motor with high torque,

the armature windings now bein the heav motor? armature windings, (t e circuit through the eneratonarmature windings 'now being bro en); I Thirdly, for the generating operation, the shuntfield windingz99 is used, but opposed by the auxiliary series field winding 108;-

and in this generating:- period the generator-armature windings are used. 1.

And the selection of these variousfield and armature windings is brought about by a aid of the two. switches referred to, viz.

the brush-lifting switch, and the outside switch com rism the contacts 45, 46 and 47) bot o whic switches are 0 erated from the. common operating mom r or pedal 27.

The ignition-system which formed a part of the original description in the present application, now forms the subject matter of a divisional application, Serial No. 80,877.' filed February 28, 1916.

While the form of mechanism herein shown and described constitutes a preferred form of embodiment of. the invention, it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted, all coming within the scope of so devices be the engine;

shunt field winding and two separate series field windings;and means for selecting-the shunt field winding and one of the series field windings together with the motor-armature winding for. cranking the engine by the motor, and for selecting the shunt fieldOB winding and the other series field winding together with the generator-armature winding for generating, said selecting means also having provisions for *breaking the main generating circuitas an accompaniment to the making ofjthe motor circuit aim the crank ng operation.

,2. In an engine starting system, the combinatiiin with an engine, a motor-generator, and an accumulator, with connecting tievices between the motor-generator and the engine; a shunt field winding and two separate series 'field windings; and a common operatingi member for controlling said connecting erator with the engine, and likewise for se lecting the shunt winding and one of the series w ndings for cranking the engine by the motor, and'tor selecting the shunt winding and the'other series winding for generating.

3. Inan engine starting system," theiconibination with an engine, a'motor-generator, and a battery, with: connecting devices be tween the motor-generator andthe engine: of two sets .ofarmature windings for the evices to connect the motojrl-genmotor-generator, one s motorfarmatureand shunt field winding and two, separate series field windings; a'br'ush lifting switch in the the other a generator-armature winding; it

adapted to make and break the motor cir j cuit; an. additionalswitch device for controlling the generator circuit and the generator field winding; and .41. com nonop crating member for controlling the operas,

i tion of the brush lifting switchand the additional switch to select the shunt field winding and, one of the series field windings selecting the shunt field winding for giving the motor-generator an initial movement to facilitate enmeshment of the said connecting devices.

5. In an engine starting system, the combination with an engine, a motor-generator, and a battery, with connecting devices be- 25 tween the motor-generator and the engine;

' of two sets of armature windings for the motor-generator, one a motor-armature and the other a generator armature winding; a shunt field 'windin and two separate series field windings; an means for selecting the shunt field winding and one of the series field windings together with the motor-armature winding for cranking the engine by the motor, and for selectin theshunt field windingrand the other series field winding ing for generating, with provisions for reliminarily selecting the shunt field win ing and 'the' generator-armature winding for giving the motor-generator an initial movement to facilitate enmeshment of the said connecting devices.

6. an, engine startingdevice, the com bination withan en ineand a starting de.

vice therefor, comprlsing adynamo-electricmachine having opposed shunt and series windings to be brought into use when the ma'chine s operated as a generator, and an independent series Winding to be brought into use when the machine is to operate as a motor for starting purposes; means for cou- .pling the engine and starting device getherpfor startingpurposes; an 'acc'umulator ha ving 56 w'ith the generator windin and with motor windings; and'contro ling rnechanismI -for shifting said coupling means: connect the engine-and starting device fto'get or nect the accumulator withthe'inde starting purposes, and to oncurrently n series winding of'the dynamo eljr c-machine, whereby said machine wflun giatt as armotor I v 7. In an engine starting-device, the'com- B5 bination with an engine and a starting fde and dynamo-electric-machine, and

winding adapted to be broug t into opera-- together with the generator-armature wmda accumulator, whereby binatidil with an en'gine anda machine, having "into use when the machin a a generator;

,when t emachinefis to opera connections ndaptedtp'beffifnade tio'ns lwl h. the electric;machine,

y'nisms included in said circuit connections,

vice therefor, comprising a dynamo-electric mally dis-establishing the electrical connection between the accumulator and the motor windings; switch means for normall y estal lishing connection-between the accumulator and generator windings; a supplemental I switch insaidgenerator circuit; and a main operating member for' controlling the mechanical connections between the engine 85 having, provisions for mechanically. operating the supplemental switchw mechanism, so that the accumulator may be connected with the gena erator, whereby the machine will operate" as a shunt wound motor, previous to its actual starting operation.

8. In a starting device for engines; the combination with an engine and a. starting. device therefor, comprising a dynamo-aloe tric machine having opposed-shunt and l series windings adapted to be brought into a f operation when the machine is to operate, 1 as a generator; and an 1nde endent series tion when'themachine is to operate asa motor forstarting purposes; an. ac'cumulator having connections adaptedto bemade V with the generator windings and the motor windings; and means for connecting certain of the windings of the generator to the the machine will .be operated as a motor, by passingcurrent 1 throu h the shunt-winding 9. h an engine starting device, the-come vice therefor, compr1sing a dynam pp it y on and series windings adap and anfind,

windin adapted to be'bro ht 'i fora-starting purposes; a source p g having motor and generator circuit, conn ee'- 1,20v

including one of said"'- brushe's-.

, mumtor; brushes ibei gr normally positioned to. break the,

meter circuit; independent switch mecha- 12;, one of'whichnormally'maintains the generator circuit closed,- another of which isinor m'ally open; means for mechanically connecting the electric machine cs4 motor to.

the engine for sta t g WW andpaw main operating inember havin a sequence ;of operations toinitially close t e normally opened switch mechanism contained in the enerator circuit, whereby current will pass t rough the shunt winding only of the generetor to operate the machine aamotor at an initial speedgand secondly to efl'ect the shifting of the coupling means to mechanically connect the electric. machine to the engine for starting pur oses, and'thirclly to operate relative, to t e normally vclosed switch'in the generator circuit to open the same. and thus break -the normally closed generator circuit, and fourthly to operate relative to the displaced brush to pe'rxnit the 15 same to complete the motor circuit for startin? purposes.

n testimony whereof we aflix our signw tures in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES E. KETTERING. v WILLIAM A. CHRYST.

, Witnessesz' J. W. MCDONALD,

O. D. Mowmr.

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