US12402A - Improvement in sewing-machines - Google Patents

Description

y Sheet 1.

E. A. FORBUSH.

Sewing Machine. 4

Patented Feb. 20.1855.

5 Sheefs Sheet 3.

E. A. AFoeeusH.

Sewing Machine.

Patented Feb. 20. 1855.

MWh" nam n N Leu O Q u e a e N, PETERS Phhm-Lnhagmmr. wanhingmn. n.6,

Sheet 4.

5 Sheets EIA. FQRBUSH. Sewing Machine.

Patented Feb.. 20,.1855l N. percus Pmm-Lm-empnen washington. o. c.

Sewing Machine. l l I No. 12,402. Patened Feb. y 20, 1855.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDXILTl A. FQRBUSH, OF ASHLAND, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN SEWING-MACHINES.

Spceilica't'on forming part`of Letters Patent No. 12.402. dated February 20, 1557 Atication'and the accompanying drawings, letters, iigures, and referencesthereof.

Of the said drawings, Figure 1 represents a top 'view of ,myl improved sewing-machine. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of it. Fig.'3is an end elevation of it. Fig. 4 is -a central, vertical, and transverse section of it. Fig. 5 is vertical and longitudinal sectionof it. 'i Such other figures as may be necessary to a full .description and delineation of the said invention will be hereinafter more particularly referred The main framework-for supportingthe operative parts of the machine is exhibited in the'drawings atvA, it being formed as therein shown,A or in anyothery proper` manner. It sustains two sets, B B and C C, of horizontal and parallel rails arranged' with respect to one another, as seen in the drawings. It also sustains the main working and driving shafts D,

D", and E. Said main driving-shaft E, vplaced as seen in the drawings, has a bevel-pinion, F, iixcdupon it and made to engage with a bevelgear, G,`iixed upon an upright shaft, E", on the upper end of which is another bevel gear or pinion, Ft, that works into or engages with two bevel-gears, G"- Ht, fixed, respectively, upon the main working-shafts D and D", by the above rotary motion as communicated from the.' driving-shaft to the main working-shafts D D* when thefornier is put in revolution.

On the two be vel-gears Gr'L H* crank-pins H H are 'iiXed, to which crank-pins connectingrods I are-respectively jointed, these connecting-rods being also respectively jointed to two vibrating levers, K K, whose office is to operate,l two sliding carriages, L L, .that are .supported upon and move between the parallel ways C C, these two carriages being made, during the operations of the machine, to alternately move Vtoward and away from onel another. v l

M M arctwo jaws, between which the leather or articles to be sewed together are placed and held. These jaws are supported by means of a frame, N, one ofthe jaws being hinged to it by hinges, as seen at O, in such manner as to be capable of being moved toward and away from the other jaw. The said carriage N is supported and moves upon the rails or ways B B. The machinery for moving the carriage N willbe hereinaiter described.

To each of the carriages L there is affixedA an awl, l. '(See Figs. 2 and 6, the latter nre being a horizontal section of one of the carriages L, takelrthrough the awl.) The two' awls are arranged so that when they pass through the leather or article to be stitched they shall be at a distance apart from one an-` other the length of a stitch. In the formation of each stitch-hole through the article to be ,sewed'the two awls are employed, one of them beingk first passed vthrough it in one direction, the other being next forced through it in the opposite direction. Thus the holeis rendered smoother and more open for the reception ot' the threads or needles than it would be were it made but by one awl. Two needles, Q Q, are used in sewing with this machine, they being of the ordinary kind of sewing-needle, the eye of which is placedat one end, while the point is arranged at'the other end of it, as seen in Fig. 7, which represents a side view of such needle. The threads proceeding from the work or article to be sewed, respectively, to and through the eyes of the'needles are seen at R ln being drawn through the .work these threads are pulled through it by the action of two sets of jaws or pinehers, S S, which, after the needles have passed through the work. and drawn the threads through it a short distance, seize such threads between their respective needles and the work and draw the threads through and into the work. riages L L supports what may be termed a needle-carriage, T, which movesv horizoiL. tally between parallel rails or ways U U, elevated upon said carriage L.

On the inner end of each carriage T there-is a'small rotary pin or bea-rer, V, which is made to rotate horizontally. A top view of the head of thisv bearer is represented in Fig. '8. The object of the said bearer is to support the needle whichlies upon the top of it, and is -held ydown upon it by. means of one of twovvertical sliding clamps, a I), (see Fin'. 9,)vwhieh Each of the carmetal or frame, e, upoirits upper end.

- block e.

e I n.40@

is a cross-section of the twoA clamps and machinery over and around them, '.Eaeh set of these two clamps, if'plaeed within one of two vertical shafts, c c, which are supported by and made to move or rotate freely in a horizontal direction within a horizontal arm, d, that projects from the carriage T.

I would here take occasion to remark that Y as the mechanism which is supported upon one ofthe c arriages L, and is for opera-ting lthe needles and the thread-pinchers, is essentially like that which is supported on the other carriage L, it willbe only necessary for me to describe such machinery as applied to one of the said carriages. j

The vertical shaft c carries a small block of A eamslide, f,slide's horizontally through said A' top view oft-his slide is given in Fig. 10, a bottom view of it in Fig 11, and side views of it in Figs. 12 and 13. It is formed with cams or inclined planes g l1., which actu- .ate'the clamps a b.A Vhile the slide is moved in either direction through the frame e, one of its inclined planes forces downward one of the lclamps,while the other inclined plane is so moved as to release vthe other clamp or allow it freely to rise upward..

i There is iiXed on the shaft c a pinion-gear,

i, which isy made on one side 'of the-machine to directly engage with a horizontal gear, 7c, that rotates freely lon a stationary journal, Z, raised upon the arm d. Ou the other sidevof the machine the engagement is effectedby an inter- "mediate gear, g5'.

Fixed on' the top surface` of the horizontal gear 7.7 is a wheel, an, whichfisvformed with teeth, as seen at n n Jn, &c..rin Fig. 14, which represents a top view of thesaid wheel m and the gear-wheel. There is also va toothed gearwheel or sector, p, placed and made to rotate freely up'on the j ournal 7. This sector-is formed as represented in Figs. 1 and 15, the latter of which is an under side view of it, and exhibits a small spring catch or pawl, q, as applied toV the said under side` and made to work against the periphery and teeth of the wheel m. This 4 toothed sector p is operated or moved horizontally by a sliding toothed rack, r, that is arranged as seen in Figs. 1 and 5, and suplported upon a projection, s, of the carriage T. This rack is made tomove 011 the top of said projection s, and is held to said projection by means of a screw, t, which is screwed into the projection and passes through along slot, u, made through the rack, as seen inl the drawings. There is a smallstud, c, that projects down from the under side of the rack, near one end of it. Vhen the carriage L is moved forward toward thework, this stud passes into a canrgroove or passage,

10, which-'is formed on the top of a frame, m,

that is applied to and-fixed on top of one of the rails C in a position as seen in Figs. 1, 2, and 5. Vhile passing through such groove the rack r is forced inward, so as to tu rn the sector p. This will-carry the small click or `pawl ofY said sector against one ofthe teeth ofI the wheel m, andwill thereby 'cause such wheel to be rotated, so as to produce a rotation of the gearlr. This of vcourse will `efihct a rota jtion of the pinion which'engages with the wheel k, whereby the shaft on which Asaid pinA ion is situated 'willbe rotated .one 4hundred and,

eighty Vdegrees of a circle, so "as to turn 'the needle around and presentA its point in an .opyposite 'direction. During the retreat of 'the carriage L. or its departure from the work,

the studof the rack r passes back through the inclined cam passage "on the fra-'me fr, and thereby produces.amovement of the rack r in an opposite direction, a'whereby'the click or pawl of the toothed' sector p will be made to slide over the circumference of the wheel m, and far enough to act against -one of the twol teeth, or the tooth next succeeding that tooth of it aga-inst which the pawl'before acted.'-

Directly underneath the pinion-gear, on'the shaft c, there-isiixedton `said shaft a catch-Q gear, y, tlic form`""of -which is represented', in Fig. 16,- said catch-gear being provided with two depressions or notches, as represented in said figure, one on each side of it.` A locking-pawl, z,'is applied to the arm d, whichv lockingK-pawl has av projection or screw, c', eX-' tendedfrom it, which projection, just before the needle is passed .into'the awlhole, is .carfA 4ried into contact with a projecting partvor foam, b,` of the frame AThis cani presses 'theV Aloclring-pawl z into oneof the notches of. ,the

catch-gear i, so "as to lhold the needle-shaft or'- needle firmly i'n' position for the needlev to enterl the work. During the advance' of the* can' riages L L toward o ne another the needles are turned aroundfand presentedl with their points toward the work, and made to pass through one of the laWl-holes previously made.l This done, the carriages T Tare stopped from further movements toward one another, said stopping of them being effected by projections 'c' c from them being brought into contact with projections d d from-'theibars or rails C, as

seen in the drawings. After the movements of l the carriages TTV-toward one anotherhthus cease,;the carriagesL L continue to advance toward one another until the awls pass through the work; Vhile d'oingth'is cams, e e, fixed to each ofthe said carriages L, as seen in the drawings, are moved, respectively, @against the en ds ofthe' two cam-slides f, and move said slides so as 'to cause the needles to be relieved fromlthc pressurev of the two clamps which previously held them, and to be grasped orseized at' their points by theother two clamps, so that during the next retreating or back movement ofthe carriagesT T said needles will be drawn in opposite directions through the cloth or work'. After they have each been drawn a short distance through the work, the jaws of eachset of thread nippers or pinchers S S are moved together and made -to grasp or seizethe threadand hold uponA it firmly, so as to draw-it into the work during ythe back movement of their carriage T,

v12,402 L s It should be mentioned that the need-les,y

before they are seized and 4drawn through the work, are propelled forward, respectively, by two propellers, a5 a5, one of which is fixed to each carriage L, or to the top of o ne of the rails thereof, which support-s itsca'rriage T. The form of this propeller is shown'in Fig'. 6, wherein its front end is seen as extending in rear of the needle and bearing against a'vertical plate, e5, raised on the carriage T.

It should be also mentioned that the came is formed with inclinesb c5 and au intermediate straight surface, d5, so that just previousfto the forward propulsion of the needle the needle maybe relieved from the pressure of the clamp which held it, and after it has been driven through the work, the other clamp may Abe brought down upon. the point of the other needle, which has been forced under it. Thus it will be seen that just previous tothe forward movement of the needle produced by the propellers when said propellers are moved forward by their respective carriages L L, both needles will be unclamped from all the clamps, and will remain so unclamped while they are propelled into and through the work; also, that after-they have passed through the work they will be seized by the proper clamps and drawn through the work when the carriages L and T are next moved backward. 0n the top of the bearer V there is asmavll partition or plate, f5, which rises up a short distance between the clamps c b. Itserves to prevent the needles froml moving yfrom one clamp to and under the other clamp.

Fig. 17 represents an underside view of the vcarriage T and the machineryl for operating the pinchers. The said pinchers consist of two levers, S S, formed as represented in the drawings, and made t-o work, respectively, on two fulcra or screw-pins, f inserted'in the under side of the carriage T. These levers are connected with a small slide, g', by lmeans of -two co1n1ecting-rods 7i. i', and so that when .said carriage is moved in a direction toward the work or article to be sewed the pinchers will beso operated as to cause their jaws to be forced toward one another.v This slide g is attached to and slides in the under side of the carriage T. Itis thrown forward by means cfa cam, k', that turns upon ascrew-pin, l', invsertedin the under side ofthe carriage T. It is drawn backward by a connect1ng-rod,'m,

which connects the cam with the slide, and is jointed to both. From the cam an arm, a', extends outward, as 'seen in the drawings. This arm works in connection'with a. springlever, o', which is formed and arranged as seen in the drawings, and turns on a i'ulcru1n','p, inserted in the rail C. lhe said lever is more particularly sho1wiiin Fig. 18, which rep-.

resents a top view of it and that p art of the rail on which it rests. A spring, q', is so ap-l plied to the rail O and the lever as to force said lever against a small stud or pin', r', which is made to project upward from the rail C. The lever has not only a projection or stud, s',

.ner .end ofthe st op-screw.

rising from its inner end, but -it has a stopsorew, h5, inserted-through its outer end, which stop-screw, when the lever is turned on its fulc rum far enough, brings up against a stationary shoulder, t. Now, while the carriage T moves` forward the armor" the cam e will be carri-ed into contact with theproj eetions, so as to cause said cam to be turned on its' pin -in suehmanner as to draw-back the slide f, and thereby open thejaws of the pineher's, soto allow of the needles passing into andthrough thework. When the' jaws have beenA entirelyopened, the outerv end ofthe said arm will passb'y the proj eetion of the lever,so as to allow saidl projection to spring inward toward the carriage Tuntil thearm of thelever to which 'it is attached strikes against the small pin or stud rf. Dur-ing the next retreating' or back movement of the car.- riage -T the end ofzth'e saidy armisbrought .against the front side of the stud of the lever,

whereby the arm will be moved and its cani so; turned as to cause the j aws ofthe pinehers to apf'- proaeh one another and close upon the thread. Another, or what may be termed the partioular,77 object of the stopscrew p5 is to r`egulate the pressure or grasp of thepinehers upon theA thread, which grasp may be increased or diminished by a suitable adj ustlnent of the in- Th'e upper endsof the arms K K, when acting againsttheVoaI- Y.riages L L, respectively extend into notches or recesses S2, made in` each carriage, as seenfin Fig. 1.' J ust previous to the extent'of-` forward motion of. t-he two carriages being produced, a locking spring-bolt, t, appliedto 'ea'c'l'r cafriage L, is met by a cam,;u', and driven forward over "the notch of the carriage and in rear I of its vibrating bar `or arm di. This takes place, however, just before a p in 'or stud, fo', 't that projects upward from the spring-bolt, meets and passes by the end of aledge'orpro j eetion, w, that is made longitudinally on the under side ot' the carriage T.; This ledge and the said stud or -proj'ection'are shown in Figs. 17 and 19, the latter of which represents a cross-section taken through the carriages. Tv

and L and throughY the bolt and its prejeetion. Vhenthecarriage Tceases its forward motion,

the carriage L continues to move.i"orward,'the

stud or pin of the sp1ing-bolt in the meantime bei'ng. slid along the sideof the'said ledge, projecting. downi'rom the under side of the car'- riage T. During the next back motion oi'eaoh rod K' it'bears against the spring-bolt and forcesthe carriage L, and 'of course the carriage f T, which rests thereon, backward on the rails rC C. fVhile this is taking place, the pi-n'chers4 close upon their thread" and draw itthrough the work, the carriage T heilig held to the earriage L with frictionsuftcient to enable the pinehers to draw the thread through and into its hole in the work.: For this purpose a clampscrew and nut. are so applied to the supporting frame or rails ol'. the carriage T as toen` able a person tocompress them with more or less force upon the carriage T, sopas to iinake it slide in ils supportswith the degree of fricfof the ledge. iv.

l tion required for the draft ofthe thread through and into the work. As soon as the thread is drawn tightly into the work, the backward movement of the carriage T will be arrested spring-bolt will be released, so that it can he thrown backward by its spring a2 vand away from the rear of the' arm l, or from over the recess oi' the carriage L, iu which thearm is.

As'son as ,the spring-bolt has so acted, theV rearward motion of the carriage L ceases, and this because the spring-bolt' is moved away 'fromthe arm Ii.- The arm'K, however, continues' to move' back to the extent of its inotion, and, having completed the same, is again brought forward to impart a forward motion to the carriage L, as before described.

From the aboveit will be seen how the machinery is made to operate under the constantly-decreasing length of each thread as it is sewed Ainto the work or cloth, for as soon as the thread is drawn into the work, whatever may be the length of .said thread between the pinchers and the work, Vthe backward motion ofthe carriage T will be stopped or arrested vas soon as such length vis drawn tight by the pinchers. On the'occurrence of this the car-y riage L continues its motion a little farther,

or far enough to release the studofthe spring-` bolt from 'the edge w, ,so as. to free the said bolt fronithe pressure ofthe arm K. It will therefore be seen that the'combining. with the nippers and the vibrating larm K the earriages L and T, the spring-bolt apparatus, and the cam and eontrivances for operating the spring-bolt, as before set forth, `constitutes oneA particular part of my invention, the object 'of the same being not only to Vdraw the thread into the work with sufficient tension, but: to do so under any change in the length of it.

W'e now come to the description ofthe mechanism for taking up the slack of the thread, and thereby preventing the entanglement of the thread while the carriages L and T are being moved forward toward the work. For this purpose I shall describe such machinery as applied to one of thegthreads only, that 'oir the other side of the 1nacl1ine,`or as applied to other thread, being substantially like it, as will be seen by representation of it inl the drawings.

Two spring-nippers, bZ c2, formed as seen in Fig. 20, (said 20 being a side view of these nippers, their slide, and the inclined bar in which said slide moves,) are affixed to the up-` per end of a slide, di, which is made to4 slide freely up and down -on a long inclined plane or bar, c, arranged. as seen in the drawings.

ATheV said nippers are provided with springs f2 g2, by which their upper ends are forced toward one another, the nippers being made to turn freely on a screw-pin, li, which connects them with their slide-bar, )n the lower end of the said slide-bar isa small pulley, mi, which rotates freely on a pin, i2, inserted'in the'slidebar. One. end of a, cord, 7f,,is fastened to a projection, Z2, of theframe-work, said projection being arranged as seen in the drawings.

vFrom. the said projection the cord extends downward under the pulley m2, thence upward Aaroundand.over a guide-pulley, n, arranged as seen in Figs. 1 and 21, the latter gure bein g a representation of thev last-named pulley, a long rod, o2, and sundry-parts connected therewith or adj aeent thereto, and to be hereinafterA described. The pulleyv a? is applied on the end of auarn1,p, that projects from the main frame-work and supports two guides, q q2, for the cord to pass through previous to and after its passage. around the pulley ai. The other end of the said cord is attached to the upper end of the vibrating arm K. As the vibrating arm moves back, it will draw. on the thread, so as to elevate the spring-nippers and cause them to pass up and receive the thread between them, when said threadis drawn out to its extremetcnsion. The pressure ofthe nippers against thethread under such circumstances eauses them to open and receive the thread in the open space rt between them. This being done, at the next advance forward of' the a-rln. K. or the carriages T and L, the nippers and their slide will fall by the action of `gravity and carry the thread with them, so as tojprevent it from being entangled.- Vhen lthe thread is drawn through the work, it will be pulled Aout ofthe nippers bythe power which draws it through the work.

In order to prevent the weight ofthe pin chers and theirislide from being thrown upon the thread, so as t'o break the needle ordisplace it while the needle -is being turned about one hundred and Veighty degrees, as hereinbefore set forth, I make use'of'or employ a mechanism whiehI shall now proceed to describe. ThereV is a small sliding carriage, s?, placed be# low the nipper carriage or slide, and made to slidefreely up and down on the inclined bar e?. This carriage has a pulley, t2, affixed to it, under-,which a' cord, a?, passes. One end of this cord is fixed to the projection Z2. The cord, alter passing down and around the puh ley i?, is carried toward and through the eye of a guide,v2,and thence horizontally, or thereabout, to and through another guide, tug, arranged as seen in the drawings. Thence the cord i's carried up and fastened to as mall ear` riage,..f1, that slides upon the long stationary horizontal rod o2, which 'is disposed as seen. in theV drawings.

' From one side ofthe carriage m2 a spring, v/l, isinad'e to extend' and to press against the rod o2, so as to make the carriage slide on the rod the front end of the spring-catch and moves said 'spi-ingcatch, so as to enable the arm to slip by it. When the arm next advances in a direction toward the work, it strikes against a shoulder, b3, of the spring catch andv bears against said shoulder, so as to move the carriage x2 lforward or toward the carriage L until the projection z2 strikes against the carriage L, whatever may be the position of said carriage L, or whatever may be its distance from the work. Immediately ou said projection striking the carriage the further advance of the arm la will cause the spring-catch to be disengaged from such arm. Bythe movement of the carriage x in the manner before described, such a draft on the cordattached to it is` produced as will elevate the carriage or slide si up to a suitable position for the upper-'slide to rest upon it, so as to relieve the thread from any downward pressure of the upper slide.

Ve next come to a description of the machinery by which the carriage N is moved on its supporting-rails B B with an intermittent movement. during the operation of' making the stitches, and in order that the awls may puncture the work in a propel' manner for the forv mation ot' the stitches. y For this purpose it is provided with a rack, c, which has the same number ot' teeth to theinch in length as there are stitches to be sewed to an inch of length' oi' the work. Into this rack an impellingpawl, el, operates, the said impelling-pawl being jointed to the top or upper end of the upper arm of a'lever, c, that moves upon a fnlcrum, f, all arranged as seen in thedrawings. The vibratory motion of this lever on its fulA crum is produced by a cam', g, (fixed upon the necting the upper arm of the lever with the rail B. The extent of backward movement of the impelling-pawl is regulated by a stop, i, affixed to the side of the rail B, said stop Abeing made adjust-able. During the revolution ofthe bevel-gear H* the cam g" will be moved against the lower armof the lever to which the impellingpawl is jointed, and will so move said lever and impelling-pawl as to produce a movement ofthe carriage N on the rails -B B. Now, as such movement may not always be exactly in accordance with the distance required to enable the needles to pass into the awl-hole thatA is to receive them, I have applied to the machine a mechanism which regulates such movement of the carriage N in such manner as to insure to the awl-hole its correct position for the reception ofthe two needles. In Fig. 22'I have represented a side view of the rail B, the apparatus which'propels the carriage N, together with the appa ratus for insuring the correct position of the awl-hole, as above specified. There is affixed to the rail B a'standard, la, which 'has jointed toits upper end a pawl,-Z", that extends directly over the rack of the carriage N. The inner end of said pawl has a tooth, m3, affixed to it, .which tooth .isnnade to exactly fit the space between any two teeth ofthe rack that are next vadjacentto one another'. A power ful spring, a, is affixed to the top ofthe standard. k3, and made to press downward on the pawl-Zs'with a force sufficient to press its tooth Ibetween two ofthe teeth of the rack', so as to move the carriage N, 'as hereinafter described.

Underneath the pawl, and working lon a fulcrum or pin, o3, is a lever, p3', whose upper end is bent, and v:extends as.V seen in Fig. 22. 'Ihe lower arm `of said lever 'is moved in a directiontoward the middle of the machine, or inward, byl a cam, g3, fixed upon the surface or side of the bevel-gear G4. During the revolution of the said bevel-gear, and just at the time the carriageNis being moved by its impelling-pawl, the lever p3 is moved by the cam'g, so as to lift the catch-pawl Z3 above the rack and allow it to drop down upon the rack instantly after the impelling-pawl has effected -a movement of the carriage N. The downward pressure of the catch-pawl upon the rack will -bringv the carriage N into vits correct position, should it have lbeen moved either` not quite far enough or too far bythe impelling-pawl. The j aw-frame'r, or the frame that carries the j aws M M, rests on the frame N, and has four pins,

some distance through the frame N. Two of .these pins sion each side ofthe frame r3 are made to rest on one of two guifdeways or rails,

which are applied to theinn'er sides of the rails -B, and are suitably curved on their upper sur- *faces or ledges, so as to elevate the jawswith respect to 'the needles, so that suchneedles shall pass into the work whatever may be the line of sewing, lwhether `such be a straight or curved line. A

In the drawings it will be seen that I have represented the jaws vMllI as formed on their edges 1n a suitable. shape for sewing the side seam of a-boot-leg. Now, if the pins s s of the jaw-frame are made to slide on curved railsv or ways, as described, the sewing may be'done on a line which is'partly straight and partly curved, or entirely curved, as circumstances may require. `In general 'the' curves of the upper surface' of these rails will be the reverse of that of the line of sewing or top edges of the jaws'M M. On the ends of these jaws I have represented a clamp-hook, '753, operating in connection with a cam, ui, which turns on a pin, v, and is turned by alever, w3, the same' being. for the purpose of drawing or forcing one of the jaws toward the other. j I'do not, however,4 confine my invention'to any such contrivance for such purpose, as there are many othersv which may be used for the same object with as good or better advantage; nor do I confine my invention to the precise form or forms of its parts as represented in thev drawings, as I intend to vary the same in any manner and to any extent as circumstances may require, so long as I do not change the principle of those parts thereof which I claini as new.

Although I have above represented in vmy machine that the sewing is to be done with si s3 s3 s, extending down from it and passing of drawing the thread into the work by means of a tri pping-roller moved by an endless chain;4 but i Vhat I do-clailn as my invention isl. The combining with the carriage T the y clamps ab and bearer Y, or mechanism which draws the needles through the work, a set of pinchers, S S, made to firmly grasp the thread between the needle and the work, and t-o be 'so moved away lfrom the work as to draw the thread firmly into it, as above specilied.

2. In combination with the said machinery for holding the needle and drawing it through the cloth or work, machiner5r or mechanismvizi, the rotary shaft c, the clamps ay "b, and the bearer V, operated as described, or their equivalents-for rotating the needle or turning or rotating it 'around one hundred and eighty degrees, or end for end, as above specified, such mechanism vallowing me to make use of a common or ordinary needle made with one eye and but one point, as described.

'lhe combining with the nippers S S and the vibratingarm K the carriages Ii and T, thcspring-bolt, and contrivances for operat-v ing it, as set forth, the same being not only to draw the thread into the work with sufiicient tension, but to do so under any change in the length of it, essentially as specified.

it. The combination of the rotating bearer IQ the two needle-cla1nps a b, and the vertical rotary shaft c, as operating together, or opei-, ated substantiallyas above described, and for the purpose of holding, releasing, and reversing the needle or turning it around, substan-v tially as above set forth.

5. Combining with the rotary bearer V and its clamps and shaft c, or machinery for hold-l ing, releasing, and directing a vneedle into the work, apropeller, a", operated or made to operate substantially in manner, and so as to force the needle into the work, as specified.

G. Combining with the spring-nippers 71" ci, or machinery for taking up the slack of the thread and preventing entanglement of the thread while the carriages are being movedy toward the' work, the sliding carriage s, or mechanism operating, as described, for prerenting the weight of the said springnippers bf cJ and their slide di from being thrown upon the thread, so-as to break the needle or displace it while it is being turned around, as hcreinhefore set forth.

EDWIN A. FOR'BU'SH. .Witnessesz R. H. EDDY, Joinv Nonna.

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