US1239702A

US1239702A - Telephone for long distances or for deaf persons.

Info

Publication number: US1239702A
Application number: US75589813A
Authority: US
Inventors: Robert Lagus
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1913-03-21
Filing date: 1913-03-21
Publication date: 1917-09-11
Anticipated expiration: 1934-09-11

Description

R. LAGUS.

TELEPHONE FOR LONG DISTANCES OR FOR DEAF PERSONS.

APPLICATION men MAR. 21. 1913.

Patented Sept. 11, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 WITNESSES:

.R. LAGUS.

TELEPHONE FOR LONG DISTANCES OR FOR DEAF PERSONS. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 21. 1913.

1,239,702. Pmntea. Sept. 11, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET Z. 1 9 B lNV ENTOR WITNESSES:

ROBERT LAG'US, 013 ABC, FINLAND, RUSSIA.

TELEPHOME FOR LONG DISTANCES OR'FOIt DEAF PERSONS.

1,239, 7&2.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept. 11, 1917,

Application filed March 21, 1913. Serial No. 755,898.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that Q, ROBERT LAGUS, a subject of the Emperor of Russia, residing at Abo, Finland, Russia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Telephones for Long Distances or for Deaf Persons, of

which the following is a specification.

The present invention aims at enlarging the application of an ordinary telephone in operation betweenplaces widely separated from each other by providing an auxiliary apparatus so that conversation can be carried on with the telephone over much greater distances and with substantially greater clearness than is possible without this auxiliary apparatus. Moreover, the auxiliary apparatus can be employed for the purpose of strengthening the sounds at the farther telephone, if two telephones are embraced in the same line, and it renders the use of the telephone apparatus possible also for deaf people (over correspondingly shorter distances than for persons with normal hearing of course). The invention is based upon a proper combination of an ordinary telephone apparatus with the hearing device for deaf persons constructed according to the principles of a telephone.

As is well known, most telephone apparatuses are so arranged that two listening tubes can be attached to the same, and these are connected each with its pair of poles. In the present invention the listening tube for ordinary telephone conversations is connected. to the one pair of poles, while the auxiliary apparatus is' united with the second pair of poles. The telephone is, so to say, transformed into a double apparatus which, according to the manner of switching in, is either in condition to serve those of normal hearing for conversation over shorterdistances or in condition for deaf persons over shorter distances or (and most important) for those with normal hearing over substantial distances.

The attached drawing illustrates several embodiments of the invention.

Figure l showsin front elevation the new device attached to a wall telephone of ordinary construction;

Fig. 2 shows the same inside elevation and with the contact pieces and switching device of the auxiliary apparatus partially in section and separated from the contact pieces of the ordinary contact apparatus in order .to show the manner of connection between both;

Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the box in which are the attached receiver of the ordinary telephone and the sound receiving and transmitting microphone of the auxiliary apparatus; a

Fig. 4: is a vertical section through this casing seen along the line A-B from left to right;

Fig. 5 is a second vertical section through the same box looking along the line C-D from right to left;

Fig. 6 is an elevation of the receiving microphone, the cover and membrane being removed; 1

Fig. 7 is the end elevation of the device represented in Fig. 3 for movingthe receiving microphone;

' Fig. 8 illustrates a modification in detail of Fig. 1.

Referring to the embodiments of the invention illustrated, 1 is an ordinary wall telephone, and 2 is a combination transmitter and receiver connected with a pole couple 3. To a second pole couple 4 the auxiliary apparatus is attached, andthis consists of a listening devicefor deaf persons, constructed according to the principles of a telephone.

- The connection in the arrangement illustrated is carried out in the following manner. To the pole couple 4 there is attached a microphone receiver 5 by means of the conductors 6 and 7. The sounds coming out of this microphone receiver 5 are received by a microphone transmitter screwed onto the receiver or fastened to the same in any other manner. They are represented diagrammatically in Fig. 2 as separated from each other. They may be fastened in various ways, as for example in the adjustable fashion of Fig. 8. The microphone transmitter-8 is connected by means of a conductor 9 with a dry battery 10, of say 4 or 5 volts electromotive force, and by means of a conductor 11 with a listening tube 12, and

vided with a tune l4 screwed thereon and adapted to be inserted into the ear for the purpose of a better conduction of the sound.

By means of any usual or suitable devices (not shown in the drawing) the battery 10 may be cut out of the circuit when the apparatus is not in use by hanging the listening tube 12 on the hooked arm 15. There are employed for this purpose preferably the same devices as are generally employed with telephones.

Means are provided for uniting the receiving microphone 5, if necessary, completely with the listening tube or separating the same from each other. A number of rather small conical holes are formed in the cover of the receivin microphone, which holes lie in a circle a out the usual large hole in the middle. These improvements render possible the application to the hearing apparatus of much stronger electric batteries than formerly, whereby a corresponding increase of the transmitted sounds can be obtained.

The receiver of the ordinary telephone is designated by 5 and the receiving microphone by 8. They are arranged opposite each other in a protecting box 16 with the geometrical axes in one and the same line. The receiver 5 is fastened rigidly in the left portion of the casing in a manner not indicated further in detail. Opposite the receiver 5 there is arranged the receiving and transmitting microphone S in such a manner that the same can be adjusted toward and away from the receiver 5 by means of a screw 17. The screw 17 extends through the back of the casing and is engaged by a nut 18 held in place by a strap 19. As the nut is turned upward or downward the screw 17 is advanced or retracted. The hook' 15 shown in Fig. 1 may be journaled upon the nut 18,

As shown in the drawing, the transmitting microphone 8 shows some deviation from the ordinary microphone. It has a cover 20 with the usual large hole 21 in the middle and with a number of smaller holes 22 arranged approximately in a circle about the large hole. In the preferred arrangement, as illustrated, the holes 22 are arranged in two concentric circles around the middle hole 21. These holes 22 are conical and, contrary to the middle hole 21, diverge toward the membrane disk 23, as in calling tubes. The sound waves consequently reach this disk 23 both through the iarge central and alsothrough the surrounding smaller holes and in various ways. At the back of the membrane disk 23 there is provided a felt disk 24, the form of which, for example, can resemble that of a wheel with six spokes (see Fig. 6). This division corresponds to the division into six parts of the carbon pieces 25 in the usual microphones. The

sounds than such a one without holes 22 and without felt disk 24. The application of a felt disk behind the membrane disk is not new, but it is new to divide the felt disk in a manner corresponding to the number of holes.

Both improvements, first the displaceability of the transmitting microphone 8 with relation to the receiver 5, and second the providing of the receiving microphone with the new cover 20 and the described felt disk 2%, allow the application'of much more powerful batteries than was formerly possible. Hitherto a potential of three volts was considered as the highest applicable potential for the battery. Further increase of the potential gave no advantage, since at the same time disturbing concomitant sounds arose which made impossible an understanding of the transmitted speech sounds.

With the aid of the present improvements one can employ much stronger batteries and at the same time perfectly control the sound, by adjusting from time to time the distance of the receiving microphone from the listening apparatus; whereby conversation is rendered possible over much greater distances than formerly.

According to the construction indicated in Fig. 8 there are two hearing devices indic'ated at 8 and 8" arranged in series and the number of such listening devices may be still further increased.

The suppression or weakening of the disturbing harmonics is effected in a very peculiar way. The hole 28 in the listening telephone held to the ear is covered on its cable to varying distances, comprising a re-' ceiving device inserted in a branch from the circuit of said telephone and amagnifying means detachably attached to said receiving device and magnifying the sound received therein, said magnifying means comprising a membrane and a cover located on the side of the membrane toward said receiving device and having a number of small holes through it, said holes being flared toward Means for rendering a telephone appli cable to varying distances, comprising a re-. ceiving device inserted in a branch from the circuit of said telephone and a magnifying means detachably attached to said receiving device and magnifying the sound received therein, said magnifying means comprising a membrane and acover located on the side of the membrane toward said receiving device and having a number of small holes through it, said holes being flared toward the membrane, a felt disk on the other side of the membrane and having holes in it in line with the holes in the cover, carbon powder located in said holes in the felt disk, and means for adjusting said receiving device and said magnifying device toward and away from each other. Y

3. Means for rendering a telephone applicable to vvarying distances, comprising areceiver and a second receiving device inserted in a branch from the circuit of said first receiver and a magnifying means detachably attached to'said receiving device and magnifying the sound received therein, said magnifying means comprising a membrane, a source of current of suitable strength for rendering audible currents of feeble strength received from a long distance, and a cover located on the side of the membrane toward. said receiving device, and means for adjusting said receiving device and said magnifying device toward and away from each other, in order to render distinct sounds received from distances less than the extreme =distan'ee to which the strength of saidsource of current is suited;

In wltness whereof, I have hereuntosigned my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ROBERT LAGUS.