US1239351A - Apparatus for ascertaining the direction of bore-holes. - Google Patents

Description

c. L. CARLSON & G. BERGSTHD M.

APPARATUS FOR ASCERTAINING THE DIRECTION OF BORE HOLES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. I2. I915.

1,239,351 Patented Sept. 4,1917.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CARL LORENS CARLSON AND GUNNAR BERGSTROM, OF STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN, AS-

SIGNORS TO SVENSKA DIAMANTBE HOLM, SWEDEN, A CORPORATION OF RGBORRNINGSAKTIEBOLAGET, OF STOCK- SWEDEN.

APPARATUS FOR ASCERTAINING THE DIRECTION OF BORE-HOLES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 4, 131 7.

Application filed November 12, 1915. Serial No. 61,125.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CARL LORENS CARL- SON and GUNNAR BERosTRoM, subjects of the King of Sweden, and both residents of Stockholm, Sweden, have invented new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Ascertaining the Direction of Bore-Holes, of which the following is a specification.

In deep-drilling it happens frequently that the drill does not maintain its desired straight-lined direction but deviates therefrom to a greater or minor extent. Such a deviation may be caused for instance by the drill passing rocks of different hardness, by fissures occurring in the rocks, etc. If the object of the drilling is to ascertain the position of metallic veins or other minerals, such a deviation may be of considerable inconvenience, and owing thereto it is of importance, that an investigation can be effected to find whether and in what direction as well as to which extent the deviation has taken place.

This invention relates to apparatus for ascertaining the direction of bore-holes illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal section showing the tubes and recording pointers to be attached to the drill guide.

Fig. 2 is a view, partly in section, showing the connection of two drill guide sections with the plate 0 inserted therein.

An object of the invention is to provide such an a )paratus, by means of which deviations o a bore-hole can be registered and measured.

Another object of the invention is to devise an apparatus of this type, by means of which the inclination of the apparatus relatively to the perpendicular at the point,

where the measuring is effected, can be reg-' spectively between the outer ends of the said wires or strings. Further, the shell contams pistons adapted to reciprocate therein and, by means of hydraulic pressure created in the drill-guide, to move against the points of the pointers, so as to register the deviation of the pointers. Finally, the apparatus is provided with a receptacle containing an etching liquid or with a pendulum or a plumb bob, the deviation of which is registered in any manner similar to the registration of the deviations of the pointers.

A specific embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing showing a longitudinal section of the apparatus.

In the construction shown, 1 denotes a tubular shell adapted to be inserted as a length of a drill-guide g and, preferably, of the same width as the tube of the drill-guide, so that it may be screwed in between two sections of the drill-guide. The shell 1 contains two inner tubes 2 and 3, and passed through the outer end-walls 4 and 5 respectively of said tubes 2 and 3 are two pointers 6 and 7 respectively each provided at the passage through the end wall with a ball and socket joint, which enables the pointers to be swung in any direction and at the same time presents a tight fit. The outer end of each pointer 6, 7 is connected with one end of stretched wires or strings 8 and 9 respectively, the other ends of which are secured to central holders or plates 0 inserted in joints of the drill-guide g at a suitable distance from the point at which the apparatus is inserted in said drill-guide, say 5 meters, so that the distance between the outer ends of the wires or strings amounts to about 10 meters. Inserted in the ends of the tubes 2 and 3 facing each other are tightly fitting pistons 10 and 11 forced by springs 12 and 13 respectively in the direction out of the ends of the tubes 2 and 3 respectively, so that the pistons 10, 11 first by the action of a certain high pressure on the outer ends of the pistons will move inwardly in the tubes. The inner end surfaces of said pistons are provided with-a suitable coating, as for instance a lead plate 14 and 15 respectively, in which an impression is made by the point of the corresponding pointer 6 and 7, when the piston is moved inwardly in the tube on account of the hydraulic pressure mentioned. Further, each of the pistons 10 and 11 is provided with a guiding pin or the like 16 and 17 respectively adapted to slide in a slot formed in corresponding tubes 2 and 3 and preventing the pistons from turning in the tubes.

Connected with the pointer 7 is a sleeve 18 inclosing a glass tube 19, which contains an etching liquid, for instance diluted hydrofluoric acid, said liquid effecting, when the apparatus is kept in a certain position for a long time, an etching of the glass, so that the position occupied by the apparatus during said time in relation to the perpendicular can be ascertained. Preferably, the pointer 7 is so mounted, that it cannot turn about its longitudinal axis relatively to the tube 3. Between the tubes 2 and 3 on the one hand and theshell 1 on the other hand channels a, 0, are provided, which convey water admitted thereto through the apertures 21 and 22, ,and thence to the shell into the space 20 between the outer ends of the pistons 10, 11.

When using the apparatus described, the direction of the bore-hole is ascertained step by step commencing at the uppermost portion thereof, the direction of which is known. The apparatus together with its stretching wires is inserted in the drill-guide and carried down with the latter into the bore-hole so far that the upper wire will be situated in the portion thereof, the direction of which is known. If the continuation of thebore-hole deviates from said direction, the drill-guide is curved correspondingly. The stretching wires 8, 9 do not follow this curvature, but each of them together with the corresponding pointer maintains the straight direction. On account of the curvature, however,-the two wires together with the pointers do not remain in the same straight line, but form an angle with each other.

For the purpose of registering this angle,

the drill-guide is filled with water, and by applying a high pressure to the water at the mouth of the drill-guide, the pistons 10, 11 may be actuated by hydraulic pressure so as to move inwardly, the points 6, 7 thereby making an impression in the plates 14 and 15 respectively. By measuring the positions of'said impressions one will be able, knowing the dimensions of the apparatus, to calculate the angle formed by the stretching wires in the bore-hole and, consequently, to

ascertain the magnitude of the deviation of the bore-hole at the lower part thereof in relation to the known upper part. In order to ascertain the absolute direction of the said lower part of the bore-hole, also a knowledge of the inclination of said direction relatively to the perpendicular is necessary. Said inclination is obtained by means of the etched tube 18, in which the surface of the liquid always is horizontal, so that the inclination of the axis of the tube in relation to the surface of the liquid, i. e. the horizontal plane, may be ascertained by means of the etched surface. By further comparing the position of the upper edge of the etched surface with the position of the impression in the lead plate 15, one will be able to calculate the absolute direction of the bore-hole along the length of the wire 9. In the subsequent measurement the same method is reiterated, the part previously measured now constituting the known length according to which the following length is ascertained.

Of course, the whole bore-hole may also be measured all at Once and then the directions of the. diiferent lengths be calculated, commencing with the uppermost known length. Thus, several lengths of hole may be measured simultaneously by inserting in the drill-guide consecutive apparatus of the kind described, in which case the stretching wires are to be stretched between the pointers belonging to adjacent apparatus and directed toward each other.

Having now described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. An apparatus for ascertaining the direction of bore-holes, comprising a shell adapted to be inserted in a drill-guide,

pointers pivotally mounted in said shell, stretching means connecting each of said pointers with a point of the drill-guide situated at a distance from the apparatus, and members provided in the shell and adapted to be moved toward the pointers, so as to receive impressions of the same. i

2. An apparatus for ascertaining the direction of bore-holes, comprising a shell adapted to be inserted in a drill-guide, pointers pivotally mounted in said shell, stretching means connecting each of said pointers with a point of the drill-guide situated at a distancefromthe apparatus, and members provided in. the shell and adapted to be moved by means of hydraulic pressure toward the points of the pointers, so as to receive impressions of the same.

3. An apparatus for ascertaining the direction of bore-holes, comprising a shell adapted to be inserted in a drill-guide,

pointers pivotally mounted in said shell a stretching means connecting each of said pointers with a point of the drill-guide situated at a distance from the apparatus, members provided in the shell and adapted to be moved toward the pointers, so as to receive impressions of the same, and means for registering the position of the apparatus in relation to the perpendicular at the place of measuring in the bore-hole.

5. An apparatus for ascertaining the direction of bore-holes, cOmpIiSing a shell adapted to be inserted in a drill-guide, pointers pivotally mounted in said shell, stretching means connecting each of said pointers with a point of the drill-guide situated at a distance from the apparatus, members provided in the shell and adapted to be moved by means of hydraulic pressure toward the points of the pointers, so as to receive impressions of the same, and means for registering the position of the apparatus in relation to the perpendicular at the place of measuring in the bore-hole.

6. An apparatus for ascertaining the direction of bore-holes, comprising a shell adapted to be inserted in a drill-guide, pointers pivotally mounted in said shell a wire connecting each of said pointers wlth a point of the drill-guide situated at a distance from the apparatus, pistons provided in the shell and adapted to be moved by means of hydraulic pressure toward the points of the pointers, so as to receive impressions of the same, and a glass tube secured to one of the pointers and containing a glass etching liquid.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names in presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

CARL LORENS CARLSON. GUNNAR BERGSTROMQ Witnesses:

JOHN DELMAR, K. E. 'WIBERG.

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