US1239091A - Disk harrow. - Google Patents

Description

H. s. mcKmsoN. DISK I'IAIIROW.

APPLICATION FILED NIE 5| lUI.

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H. S. DICKINSON.

DISK HAHROW.

APPLICATION FILED IUIIE 5. Isls.

Iflteuted Sept.. 4, 1917.

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DISK HAHROW.

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1,239,091 Patented sept. 4, 1917.

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DISK HARnow.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 5.19I5, 1,239,091

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(Jnucnfoz mi., n Ho'zumJJ @m www Patented Sept. 4, 1917.

UNITED sTATEs PATENT OFFICE.

HARRY S. DIOmON, 0l' BOBINE, ILLINOIS, ABSIGNOB T0 MOLINE PLOW COMPANY,

A GOBPOBATION 0F ILLINOIS.

msx miauw.

Specioation o! Letters Patent.

Application led June 5, 1915. Serial No. $8,266.

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRY S. DlomNsoN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Moline, in the county of Rock Island and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Disk Harrows, of which the followin is a specification, reference bein 1had th rein to the aecompanying drawmg.

This invention relates to disk harrows, and has reference more particularly to that type of harrow in which two gangs of disks arranged end to end, are so connected with a draft frame that they may be adjusted about an upright axis in order to vary the angle or set of the disks relatively to the line of travel, and may also move vertically relativelyr to the frame in order to follow inequalities in the surface of the ground,.

or override obstructions.

The invention relates to various improved features ofl construction directed more particularly to the mounting of the gan to enable the same to automatically a justthemseh es to meet the varying conditions in practice as to the configuration of the ground; to the means for sustaining the end thrusts of the gangs; and to various other features, having in view the operation of the machine in the most effective manner, and under such changing conditions as are encountered in the ractical operation of the machine in the geld.

In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated my invention embodied in one form by way of example, and which in practice has been found to answer to a satisfactory degree the results to be attained. It will be manifest however that other forms of embodiment may be adopted, and thatl the construction may be variously chan d and modified by the skilled mechanic without departing from the limits of the invention. Further it Will be understood that the invention is not limited to any particular form or construction of the parts, except in so far as such limitations arespecitied in the claims.

In the' accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 isla top plan view of my .improved harrow with the disk gangs adj uted in line with each other, end to end, for transportation.

Fig. 2 is a rear elevation of the same with the two gangs traveling on level ground.

Fig. 3 is a similar view showin one of the gangs raised at an an le to e horizontal, in passing over an o ruction.

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional elevatlon on the line a-a of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 `is a similar view showing .the two gangs set at relative inclinations to the line of travel in their extreme positions of ad- Justment.

Fig. 6 is a horizontal sectional plan view on t e, line b-b of Fig. 2 with the disk gangs adjusted in working position, at relative an les.

Fig. is a transverse vertical sectional elevation of one of the disks and its scraper, blade.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the lever for applying downward pressure to the inner adJacent ends of the gang.

Fig. 9 is a transverse sectional elevation on an enlarged scale of the pivotal yoke connected with said lever.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view, on an enlarged scale, of the parts of the outer bearing for one of the disk gangs, and the adjacent coperating portion of l'the frame, said parts eing se arated from each other.

Fig. 11 is a simi ar view of the parts of the inner bearing for the disk gang, said parts being separated.

Referring to the drawings:

The frame ofthe machine comprises two horizontal rearwardly diverging frame bars 1` the forward ends of which are connected with a draft tongue 2, the rear ends of which terminate in fore-and-aft extending terminal portions 3,'the rear ends of which terminal portions are `respectively in the form of hooks 4, facing outwardly in opposite directions, ythe said hooks being constructed so as to form in effect transversely extending slots 4 closed at their inner ends and open at their outer ends, the purpose of which will presently appear. Extending transverselv at the rear ends of the diverging portions of the bars 1, is a transverse horizontal frame bar 5 bent rearwardly at its ends and firmly attached to the fore and aft terminal ortions 3 at the inner sides of the same.

e transverse frame bar 5 extends beneath -and'gives Support to the rear end yof the draft tongue 2, to which it may be fixedly connected by any suitable and appropriate means; and which tongue gives support to a seat standard B.

Extending in rear of the transverse frame bar 5, are two disk gangs 6, each gang con sisting of a number of concave-convex disks 6, fixed to a horizontal axle 7 which axle rotates near its outer end in an outer bearing 8, and near its inner end in an inner bearing 9. The outer bearings 8 are connected with the terminal portions 3 of the frame in such manner that the gangs may shift relatively to the frame about both a vertical and a horizontal axis, the details of which connections will be more fully described hereinafter. The inner bearings 9 are-jointed to the rear ends respectively of two fore-andaft extending horizontal links 10 and 11, the forward ends of which are jointed respectively to the lower ends of upright adjusting levers 10* and 11. These levers are pivoted near their lower ends on horizontal axes 12 respectively to vertical segment frames 13 provided with teeth adapted to be engaged by locking latches 14 on the levers, by means of whiclrlevers the gangs may be shifted back and forth about their vertical .axial connection with the frame and set in working position inclined to the direction of travel. As the details of the connection of the two outer bearings of the gangs with the frame are the saine, a description of one will suliice. On reference more particularly to Figs. 1, 3 and 6, it will be seen that a vertical journal 15 extends upwardly from the bearings 8 at its rear side, and extends loosely in the slot 4* and receives a bearing therein, so that the gang may be shifted endwise and may also :nove up and down at its inner end, the journal 15 in such endwise and up and down movements of the gang, sliding transversely7 in the slot and rocking therein. The bearing is given vertical support and guided in its different movements relatively to the terminal portion of the frame, by means of a bracket plate 16 which is fixed to a standard 17 extending upwardly from the bearing, and which is provided with a horizontal foot 16* which bears upon the upper edge of the terminal ortion 3 just forward of the slot therein. ghe sides of the slot in the terminal ortion of the frame, are extended vertica lv and resent flat surfaces between which journal 15 shifts and rocks in the different movements of the gang, which construction affords an extended bearing and support for the disk ng, and prevents the bearing from rocklng about a horizontal transverse axis relatively to the frame, and consethe v insonni ythe terminal portions of the frame, and the two inner disks prevented from engaging with each other in the operation of the machine. In this position of the parts, the gangs are capable of an outward endwise movement independently of each other, this action having the effect of shortening their yradius of movement, as their inner ends are swung forward by the adjusting levers to set the gangs in line end to end for transportation of the machine.

The inner ends of the ngs are acted on by mechanism which appizeils to them a downward spring pressure, which mechanism is of such form, construction, and arrangement, that the gangs are permitted to yield vertically independently of each other in passing over obstructions, or in conforming to inequalities in the surface of the ground.

This mechanism comprises a transversely extending yoke 18 situated in rear of the draft tongue above the inner ends of the gangs, which yoke is pivoted between its ends on a fore-and-aft extending horizontal pivot bolt 19 to the upper end of an upright plate 20 which is in turn pivoted at its lower end on a horizontal transverse pivot bolt 21 to the rear horizontal arm 22 of a vertical hand lever 23. The hand lever is pivoted to the seat standard on a horizontal transverse pivot bolt 24, and is provided with a spring actuated pawl 25 adapted to engage a segment frame 26 projecting forwardly from the seat standard, and by means of which the lever may be held in its different positions of adjustment, for the purpose presently to'be described. The ends of the yoke contain vertical openings therethrough, in which slidingly extend the upper ends respectively of two rods 27 and 28 whose lower ends are jointed respectively to the two gang adjusting links 10 and 11 before alluded to. The rods are encircled by spiral springs 29 whose upper ends bear against the under sides of the ends of the yoke` and whose lower ends bear against collars 30 encircling the rods and adjustably connected fixedly thereto by means of set screws 31 extending through the collars and engaging the rods. s a result of the construction described, the central weight of the fr e and driver is supported through the m ium of the centrally pivoted yoke by the two springs, which springs are in turn supported by the links 10 and 11 `and these lin s being connected with the inner hearings of disk gangs, the latter will he held down with a spring pressure, which pressure may be increased or diminished by the adjustment of the hand lever 23. This arrangement permits the inner ends of the two gangs to yield independently of each other in a vertical direction, in passing over obstructions or in assuming relative angles to the horizontal on uneven ground. Such action of one of the gangs (the right hand one) is shown in Fig. 3, where it will be seen that the inner end of the gang has been elevated in passing over an obstruction. In this movement of the gang, the rod 28 has been thrust upwardly through the end of the yoke, and the spring on said rod has been compressed, and has tipped the yoke on its axis and forced its opposite end down on the other rod, and has thereby compressed the spring on that side, resulting in the release of the first spring and the automatic equalization of the tension of the two springs. The effect is therefore to prevent the spring of the rising gang from being unduly compressed and offering corresponding resistance to the rise of the gang. This brings about a sensitiveness of action of the parts, and enables the gangs to readily rise and pass over obstructions, or to assume relative inclinations to the horizontal on uneven ground. without imposing undue or dangerous strains on the parts. By the operation of the adjusting lever 23, the springs may be set to cause more or less pressure to be applied to the gangs, so as to meet the changing conditions which are encountered in different areas.

The 4employment of two cooperating springs, so arranged that one will relieve the tension of the other, is of particular advantage and importance in that it provides a more sensitive action of the parts than if a single spring were employed. With a single spring, the latter would have to be of such size to support the parts, that undue resistance would be offered to the rise of the gangs. In other words, by the two co-acting springs a greater resiliency in the operation of the beams is produced, so that they will more readily and promptly accommodate themselves to the constantly varying conditions.

Further, it will be noted that the point of connection of the rods 27 and 28 rwith the two gang adjusting links is well to the rear, close to the gangs, the result being that the central load of the frame and driver is eX- erted at the most favorable point relatively to the disks for the most effective action on the soil. The connection of the yoke carrying plate 20 to the lever 23 on a horizontal transverse axis, and the connection of the lower ends of the rods 27 and 28 to the links 10 and 11 on similar axes, enables the gangs to be adjusted to their extreme posi tions as shown in Fig. 5, without a ec ing the coperative action of the springs thereon in equalizing the pressure, and in permitting the gangs to automatically ad- ]ust themselves to the inequalities of the ground.

The machine is equipped with Scrapers 33 for the disks, which sera ers are of such form and so disposed relatively to the disks, that the adhering soil will, as the disks rotate, be continuously and eiectually removed in a uniform manner. As shown more particularly in Fig. 7 the Scrapers consist of fiat steel blades coperating with the concave faces of the disks in rear of their axes, anti as the scrapers are the same for both of the disk angs, a description of one set will sullice. he upper ends of the blades are connected lixedly to the rear side of a horizontal transverse bar 34, extending above the disks vertically over their axes, which bar is supported at its outer end by the standard 17 before alluded to, and at its inner end by a vertical standard 35 extend` ing. upwardly from the inner bearing 9, the blades being disposed edgewise to the disks. Each blade is inclined in an edgewise direction from its upper end toward the adjacent disk and from its upper end it curves rearwardly and downwardly as at 36 and follows for some distance the general curvature of the edge of the disk, and crossing the latter at some distance above the center of the disk, it curves downwardly and forwardly as at 37 and terminates at its lower end just below and in rear of the disks axis. The blade is somewhat away from the disk at the point where it crosses the periphery,

and as 1t approaches the center, it is brought almost at its lower end in contact with the face of the disk. The portion of the blade within the disks area is inclined forwardly slightly so that its outer edge will be in It is to be noted that my improved scraper" 12o blades require no attention or operation on the part of the driver, as they occupy permanent fixed relations to the disks, and act automatically to keep the same free of adhering soil or trash, without the necessity of their periodic bodily movement across the face of the disk, as is the common practice with many forms of Scrapers.

The connection of the upper ends of the blades with their supporting bar may be of ils' such character as to provide `for the ,adjustl ment of the blades transversely or vertically, or in other directions, in order that they may be permanently set in pro er operative relations to the ective dis Hav' thus descri my invention, what I c aim is:

1. In a disk harrow, the combination of a frame provided at its outer ends with rearwardly extending terminal ortions having their extremities in the orm of hooks with their open sides facing out wardl in opposite directions, gangs provi ed near their outer ends with )ournals mounted in said hooks; whereby the inner ends of the gangs may shift horizontally fore and aft and may also move up and down, and means for controlling the horizontal movements of the gangs.

2. In a disk harrow, the combination of a frame having rearwardly extending terminal rtions provided with vertical transverse gan provided with inner and outer carin e said outer bearings extending beneat the terminal portions of the frame respectively, and giving support to the same, vertical journals on the outer bearings mounted respectively in said slots, and lateral projections on said outer bearings in position to engage the upper sides of said terminal portions.

3. In a disk harrow, the combination of a frame, disk gangs mounted thereon and movable up and down at their inner ends, a spring acting on each gang to apply downward pressure at its inner end, and a mem ber mounted on the frame topmove 1n the direction of movement of the gangs and acted on by both of said springs so as to be moved when the springs are compressed by the rise of the gangs, said member operating when moved by the compression of one spring to automatically compress the other spring and thereby relieve the pressure of the iirst s ring.

4. In a di Yharrow, the combination of a frame, disk gangs mounted thereon and movable up and down at their inner ends, a spring acting on the inner end of each gang, and a member mounted on the frame and common to both of said springs and movable in the direction of movement of the gangs, said member being in osition to be moved by the compression o the springs on the rise of the gangs, and operating when moved lby the compression of one spring to equalize the tension of the other spring and vice versa.

5. In a disk harrow, the combination of a frame, disk gangs mounted therein and movable at their inner ends up and down relatively thereto, a transversely extending member supported 'by the frame and rockable on a horizontal fore and aft axis, and a spring acting between each end of said member and the adjacent end of each disk gall 6. VIn a disk barrow, the combination of a frame, disk gangs mounted therein and movable up and down at their inner Vends, a member sustained by the frame and rackable relatively thereto on a; horizontal longitudinal axis, an upright rod having a )ointed connection at its lower end with each gang and extending at its up er end loosely through said rockiong mem and a srm encirculing each r and acting on sai ro in member.

7. In a isk barrow, the combination of a frame, disk gangs mounted thereon and movable up an down at their inner ends, a hand lever pivoted to the frame on a horizontal transverse axis, a rocking member carried by said lever, and a resilient connection between the inner end of each gang and the rockin member.

8. In a disk arrow, the combination of a frame, disk gangs mounted therein and movable up and down at their inner ends, a hand lever pivoted to the frame on a horizontal transverse axis, a plate pivoted to the lever on a horizontal transverse axis, a rockin member pivoted to the plate on a horizonta longitudinal axis, and a resilient connection between the inner end of each gang and the rocking member.

9. In a disk harrow, the combination of a frame, disk gangs mounted therein and movable up and down at their inner ends, and movable also horizontally at their inner ends in a fore and aft direction, fore and aft extending links connected with said gangs to control their fore and aft movements, two springs acting at their lower ends to apply a downward pressure on said links respectively, and an e ualizing member movably sustained by the rame and common to both of said sprlngs, said member being movable in the directing movements of the gangs and being in position to be moved when the springs are compressed on the rise of `the gangs and acting when so moved to equalize the pressure of the springs.

10. In a disk harrow, the combination of a frame, disk gangs mounted therein and movable up and down at their inner ends and also movable horizontally in a fore and aft direction at their inner ends, fore and aft extending links connected with said gangs respectively, to control their horizontal movements, a hand lever mounted on the frame on a horizontal transverse axis, a rocking member connected with said hand lever on a horizontal transverse axis, u right rods jointed at their lower ends to t e respective links and extending loosely at their upper ends through said rocking member, an springs encircling said rods between the rocking member and the links.

11. In a disk harrow, the combination of a frame, disk gangs mounted thereon and moved by the compression of one spring to movable up and down at their inner ends, automatcall compress the other spring.

an upright sprin acting on each gang to 13. In a isk barrow, the combination of 25 apply a downwar pressure at its inner end, a frame, disk gangs mounted thereon and an means mounted on the frame and actmovable up and down at their inner ends, a ing on the springs to impose thereon the spring acting on each gang to apply a downweight of the frame, said means operating ward pressure thereto, an ad]usting lever when one spring is compxressed by the rise of mounted on the frame, and a member mov- 30 its gang, to compress t e other spring and abl mounted on the lever and acted on by 1o thereby relieve the pressure of the first bot springs so as to move relatively to the ring. lever when the springs are compressed by 12. In a disk harrow, the combination of the rise of the gan s, said member opera frame, disk gangs mounted thereon and ating when moved y the compression of 35 movable up and down at their inner ends, a one spring to automatically compre the 15 spring acting on each gang to apply a downother spring.

ward pressure thereto, and a member piv- In testimony whereof, I have aixed my otally sustained between its ends by the signature in presence of two witnesses.

frame and acted on by said springs respectively on opposite sides of its pivotal axis HARRY S DICKINSON 2c, so that the said member will be moved when Witnesses:

"the springs are compressed by the rise of T. C. BLANDING, the gangs, said member operating when JAMES J. LAMB.

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