US1238828A - Fuel-injector. - Google Patents

Description

. W. SCHENKER.

FUEL INJECTOR.

APPLICATION FILED FEB- 6.1913

WlTN ESSES Mmmm Sept. 4L, 191721.

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rieur une.

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lSCE.'llIilEsEl', 0F WINTERTHUR, SWITZERLAND, ASSIGNR TG BUSCH-SULZEB, BEOS.-DIESEL ENGINE SOMPY, 0F ST.

LOUIS, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION F FUEL-minoren.'

SpecieationA of Letters Patent.

iipplieation led February 6, 1913. Serial No. 746,521.

To all wtom t may concern:

Beit known that l, WMI-.mn Sonnnnnn,

' a citizen of the Republic of Switzerland,

' residing yat Stadthausstrasse 44:, Winterthur, Switzerland, have invented the followingf ldescribed new and useful improvements in Fuel-Injectors.

. The invention is an improvement in fuel injection mechanism for Diesel; engines and engines of like type, and consists in a simple and compact oil-atomizing structure adapted to receive each charge of oil insubdivided portions which are independently subjected to the action of compressed air from a comv for use with dierent kinds of oil as will be of the engine.

mon source and projected thereby through a common nozzle into the combustion space By such division and disposition of the .fuel charge, the improved valve mechanism of this invention `produces thorough atomization of .large as well as smallercharges of fuel, and is also adapted later explained.

In the drawings forming 'part hereof, Figure 1 is a vertical central section through a fuel injecting valve showing a construction constitutingthis invention; and Fig.

2 is a like sectional view showing a modied form. this embodiment of the invention, the main casing of the valve mechanism 1s marked 1 and. may be regarded as an inpart -ofthe cylinder-head or a separate part removably attached thereto or .to the wall ofthe combustion chamber, as wlll be readily understood. The. chamber 2.

withinfthis casing is tapered or coned at its lower end to form the valve seat 3, and contains a fixed central sleeve 5, the lower end of which carries a coned head 6 of such size and position in the chamber as to leave `an. annular conical space between itself andv the wall of the chamber.

The valve stem 7, constituting the fuel valvev proper, is htted'to slide and through the sleeve 5', protruding bevond the sleeve head 6 to the nvalve seat, where it controls the nozzle v orice t which leads to the combustion space ofthe engine, the sleeve 5 may be held Xed in the valve casing -by any suitable meansat. the top of the latter, not necessary to be vhere show-nor described., and that the fuel valve stem 7 passes outwardly through the sleeve andsuch means to a connection withlanappromarked 13, and a part going through a furlt will be understood that prlate operatingmechanism after the manner of the usual 'fuel valve.

The annular space between the sleeve and the wall of the valve chamber is occupied by a series of superposed perforated disks or plates 8 conforming in shape and size to the said annular space and separated from each other by means of an alternate series of 4spacers 9. These devices form a part of the atomizing mechanism of thevalve.

In F ig. l fuel oil is admitted through a common oil channel 10, which may be bored in the casing and which distributes the oil charge in appropriate amounts, a part going through a branch passage l0a to the upper 70 part 11 of the atomizingfmechanism, another part going through a continuing channel 10b of less cross-sectional area, to the lower part of the said mechanism ther restricted channel 10c to a further place of deposit marked 15, the latter being an annular vcavity or trough set in orclose to the path of the compressed air. This cavity also forms part of the atomizing mechanism and is preferably formed in the conical seat of the valve 7, as shown in the drawing, though it may be located above such seat if desired. The :relative cross-sectional areas of the successive passages 10a, 10b and l0c are designed in accordance with the relative amounts` of fuel it is desired to place open, so that the pressure is equal at all the 101i p places of deposit and their cross-sectional areas are proportioned according to the relative amounts of fuel deposited in each of such places or so that the atomizing eifect ofthe air moving through, each 'passage 105 shall be as uniform 'as possible.

inthe operationpof the device the removal of theh fuel valve 7 from its 4'valve seat causes I l movement of compressed air through each of j'.`thejpassages just mentioned and anfimme- 110 Patenten sept. e, iai a, i

diate individual atomization thereby of the separate deposits of fuel, as they move to the nozzle orilice and into the comlnistion space. By reason of the different distances of each place of deposit from the nozzle ori-` fice, the several oil portions move successively into the combustion space, but of course with such rapidity as to constitute substantially one continuous admission, the whole charge being uniformly and thoroughly atomized because of the balance established between the cross-sectional areas of the several branch passages, as above explained.

ln the form shown in Fig. 2. the construction is the same as just described excepting that this form is adapted for use with two vkinds of fuel, as for instance, a fuel of relatively high inflammability serving to estab lish the ignition, anda fuel of relatively lower iniiammability constituting the body of the charge. To this end a secondary oil duct S20 is formed in the casing to leadthe more highly combustible oil direct to the lower place of deposit l5, where it will be subject to atomization by the compressed air the same as before and will enter the combustion space in advance of the lower grade oil admitted to the upper deposit places.

of the oil is uniform and thereby best pro-L vides for the thorough and eliicient combustion of the fuel or fuels. It will be further noted that the chamber 15 containing the ignition fuel is mechanically isolated from the I spaces wherein the main combustion fuel is located, by the intervention of theftapered end of the fuel valve 7, which arrangement prevents the formation of an emulsion of the one kind of oil with the other which mi ht clog the ducts in the valvermechanism. he.

valve mechanism may be. used vertically as shown, or otherwise, -and` may be made in a j variety of dviEerent forms all incorporating the arrangement and connections above explained, and in place ofthe perforated disks Sother means foi` subdividing the oil and mixing it with the air may' be used with .like effect. l

- 1. In a fuel injection valve for combustion engines, a valve' casing providinga valve seat andl an 'interior valve chamben'nfuelva ve casing havmg an exit opening, to the 130 atomizing means therein coi'nprising a series of members providing -a staggered passage for air and fuel, a valve plug member cooperating with the valve seat,"niea`ns for introducingfuel into the valve chamber at different locations in the said staggered passage, and channels for conducting compressed air to each of said .locations in thestaggered passage, the fuel andA airbeing conducted separately tosaid locations. v 7:

2. In a fuel injection valve lfor combustion engines, a valve Casing having-a chamber containing atomizing means and means for leading compressed air and fuel tothe said chamber, a single valve plug member'controlling the admission of atomizedfuel from said chamber to the cylinder, a fuellpocket near the exit of the valve casing, said pocket being normally closed and isolated from the atomizing chamber by the single valve plug 85 member, and separate channels forA leading compressedair and fuel to said pocket.

3. In a fuel injection valve for combustion engines, a valve casing 'having a chamber lcontaining atomizing means and meansfor leading compressed air and fuel to the said chamber, a single valve plug member controlling the admission of atoinizedvfuel from said chamber to the cylinder, a'fuel pocket near the exit of the valvecasing, said pocket being normally closed andiso'lated from the atomizing chamber by the single valve plug member, and separate channels for leading compressed air and fuel to said' pocket, both said separate channels being formed'vin the 100 valve casing. j j

a. 'In a fuel injection valve for combustion engines, a valve casing having anatomizing chamber with means for leading compressed air and fuel thereto, a valve seat,'a single 105 valve plug member cooperative With said valve seat to control the admission of atom- '.ized fuel to the engine,-` a fuel pocket in said valve seat normally closed and isolated by said single valve plug member, and sepa- 11a rate .channels for leading compressed air and fuel to said pocket. v

5. Fuel injection means forfcombustion engines employing tWo yfuels, -comprising a valve casing having an eXit opening to the engine, a single lvalve plug member co# operative therewith, mea-ns 1n said casing.

`affording a staggered passage for fuel and fuel at a point nearer said exit opening, and

a compressed air channel communicating With saidspace and leading tothe place of introduction ofthe ignition fuel.

6. Fuel injection means for combustion enfines employing two fuels, comprising a E lien-gine, a single valve-plug member cci- `l`'operative therewlth, means 1n said casing aiordmg a staggered vpassage for fuel and air, means for supplying Working and igni- "tion fuels to said passage at different distances from said exit opening; and compressed air eliannels adapted to lead an appropriatev quantity of injection air to eaeli fuel introduction.

7. A fuel injection valve for combustion place of engines, comprising avvalve casing having 'an atomizingj lchamber with means for supplying compressed air and Working' :fuel

thereto, a single Valve plug member controlling the admission of the Working fuel to 'the engine, an ignition fuel pocket yadjacent the outlet of the valve casing and normally 'closed and isolated by the said single velve plug member, means for introduemg tion fuel-into said pocket, and a special com 15;

pressed air channel formed in the valve me ing for conducting compressed air to etomine the ignition fuel in said pocket whenl the valve 'plug' member is opened` In testimony' whereof, l 'have signed this specification in the presence of two witmesses.

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