US1238003A - Hydrocarbon-burner. - Google Patents

Description

. C ROOK.

l HYDROCARBON BURNER. APPLlcATxcm` min JAN., 24, 1 91s. HENEWED JULY l 7. 1 91 1 Patented Ang. 21, 1917.

3 SHEETS*SHEET THOMAs Jnrrnnsolvcnoox, or WICHITA, Kansas.

Application filed January 24,1916, Serial No. 73,846. Renewed July 17, 1917.

T0 all whom "it may concern.' j

Be it known that I, THOMAS JEFFERSON Cnoon, citizen ot the United `States of America, residing at IViehita, in the county ofSedgwick and State of Kansas, have inventedV certain new and useful Improvements in IIydrocarbon-Burners, ofwhich the following is a specification. y'

My invention relates to improvements in hydrocarbon burners.

The primary `object ot theinvention is to provide` aaburner in which the burner-head, mixing chamber and retort or generator are relatively. disposed to insure a perfect commingling ofthe hydrocarbon and air, and a resultant combustion which is practically invisible, devoid kof yany odor, and which wholly eliminates the depositA of soot upon the `walls of the ,burner-head. j

Other objects of the invention areto provide a burner which is highly efficient and at the same time extremely simplein construction and arrangement, particular regard being had tothe` facility with whiclrthe constituent parts of ythe device may be set up and dismantled; and toprovide burnerhead Iand a mixing` chamber as a` unitary structure. i j

'Io the.accomplishment ot' the recited ob jects and others coordinate therewith, the preferred embodiment of my invention lresides in the construction and arrangement hereinafter described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings and embraced within the scope ot the appended claims.4

In said d *awingsj n Figure l is a perspective view of the hydrocarbon burner embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is an end elevation ofthe burner. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectionalview of the device. Y ,i

Fig. l is a transverse sectional view taken along lines141 ot Fig.

Fig. 5 a transverse section `taken along lines 5 5 o'l.E Fig. 3, and

Fig. 6 is a top plan view of a modified :form of my invention. j l

Opposed to the theory that a high degree ol" heat is essential in producing a proper admixture ofhydrocarbon and air, I havediscovered as al result of experimentsextending HYDROCARBON-BURNER.

Patented Aug. 2l, 1917.

serial no iarim. V

over a period of several years, that only a fair degree of heat will insure, by far, more satisfactory combustion, The tests whichy I have conducted showed conclusively that when hydrocarbon and air are prelimiuarily subjected to intense heat, the component particles of the major portion of the hydrocarbon becomes disassociated and lose `their identity as a medium, capable of combining with air to form a true combustible mixture in the sense of what is desired `.in hydrocarbon burners. The presence of these disassociated particles together with the particles which escape the decomposing influence of the intense heat, `produces a yellow flame, a

disagreeable odor, and depositsy of soot upon the walls of the burner head. I haveentirely eliminated these disadvantages by arranging the parts of theoburner so that the mixing chamber and retort will only be heated to a point which will positively insure the proper mixing of the hydrocarbon and air.

Generallymy invention comprises a drip pan having aplurality of uprights rdesigned to support a side retort, the burner head Or burner heads, as the case may be, occupying a nested position with respect to this retort,-

and the mixing chamber being formed as an integral part of the head or heads with depending air inlets arranged uponits/opposite sides and the delivery end of said retort discharging from beneath and centrally of i the mixing chamber. While the principles involved in my invention are applicable to a single burner head or burner cap, Iy prefer for present purposes the adaptation ofthe principles to one of the multiple type.v In x conjunction with this particular form of the invention I take an elongated tubular `like body closed at both ends-and interceptits length, preferably at` the middle, .so as to form a pair of burner heads, this centralfportion also serving as a mixing chamber for the `hydrocarbon and air.` Each burner tube is `preferably `polygonal in cross section and has ,its opposite sides provided with equidistant vertical keris, the portions of ,the burner headsbetweeu the adjacent terminals of the kerfsbeingimperforate. These kerfs obviously serve as flame openings,` and to ward their'jbases they are arranged in juxtaposition Ato a side retort, which as previously set forth, is sustained by the uprights projecting from the drip pan. This rela-` tive disposition of the Haine openings and. retort preclude the possibility of the hydrocarbon becoming too hot.l The air inlets are disposed in the cut away portions and in immediate proximity to the adjacent terminals of the burner heads whereby it Willbe position with respect toy this yretort is a` 4.oAk

seen that the air is preliminarily heated so that by the time itventers the mixing chamber it is in a very receptive condition for combining with the hydrocarbon. However, it should be understood'that the air inlets are not surroundedtotally by the burner heads, but that they are'simply inclosed by portions of the adjacent terminals of the burner heads so that too high a degree ofr heat will not obtain. Considering conjunctively, the arrangement of the retort and mixing chamber, both the hydrocarbon and airr are preliminarily treated so thatthe resultant vapor will represent a perfect mixture, which will "be uniformly distributed throughout the longitudinal extent of the burner heads. 1

In the drawings, 1 designates the drip pan having a plurality of uprights 2 with.

upper rabbeted terminals 3, vupo-n which rests the retort pipe 4:. Occ'upying a nested tubular-like structure 5 octagonal in cross section and having its length intercepted at the center by a vertically `disposed mixing chamber 6.` By virtue of forming the mixing chamber medially of the extent ofthe tubular-like structure 5 I am enabled to secure a pair` of alined, elongated burner heads 7 and 8, each of the said burner heads being closed at its outer end and provided j with a pluralityof equi-distant kerfs 9 extendingfvertically upon opposite sides with imperforate top and bottom portions 1,0 and 11. These: kerfs y9 constitute flame openings, and the nested relation of the retort and the burner heads is such that only that portion ofthe flameemitted from the lower "plane of the kerfsv plays upon the said retortl' It is this arrangement that insures a proper preliminary heating `of the hydrocarbon', that is to say, that the component passages 16, the central passage and the two side passages communicating through the medium of a supplemental chamber 17, which occupies a superposed position with respect thereto and serves as a baffle to kdeiect the gaseousvapor downwardly through the side passages and the openings 18 into `,the respective burner heads 7 and 8. Any `suitable closure as 19 may be employed in conjunction with the ltop of the supplemental chamber 17.

As will be found upon inspection of'Fig. 1 of the drawing, each of thev burnerheads terminates short of the mixing chamber 6, thereby leavinga recess or cutaway portion 2O upon diametrically opposite sides `of the chamber. l utilize these cutaway portions as an extremely desirable location for the air intake pipes 21, which project a short distance outwardly and then extend downwardly to a point above the base of thedrip pan 1. 'By reason of arranging the intakes in this manner itwill be seen that they are only in the Zone of heat influence which is bounded by ak portion of each of the adjacent ends of the burner-heads, and Vit follows that as the air enters through the intakes 21 it will not be heated except only to 'such degree as has been found desirablev and obviously best for commin'gling with the hydrocarbon which issues in atomized form from the tip 13 into the central passageyl of the mixing chamber.

In Fig. 6, l have shown a slightly modifiedk form of my invention, wherein a circular burner-head 22 is combined with the same type of mixing chamber, as previously described. In this instance I employ a short connection, as 23 between each ofthe passages 16 and theburner-head. lnk all other respects, the construction and operation of this particular form is the same as that shown in Figs. 1 to 5 of the drawings.

In operation, the hydrocarbon under pressure is supplied t-othe retort t, and in traversing the extent of this pipeA it is sub- Uli) jected to an initial heating so that when atomized in the central passagey 15 of the mixing chamber it is in the best possible condition'for combining with the air entering through intakes 21. As previously set forth, the air, too, has by this time been v heated to the proper temperature owing to the proximity of the intakes to the portions of the adjacent terminals of the burnerheads. central passage 15 and very rapidly forms The admixture rises through the into a gaseous vapor Vso that by the time it issues through the openings 18 at the bottom of passages 16 it will be in ideal conditionv for burning. ,Such an arrangement 'of the retort, the mixing chamber and burnerhead Leliminates the possibility of the constit- Y uent particles yofthe hydrocarbon from benamely the `production of a yelloiv. flame,`

which is invariably devoid ofthe proper' heat units, the production of ,a verydisagreeable odor, and the formation of quantities of soot upon the Walls of theburner head.

It should be understood that:` i-ii its broader aspects my invention comprehends not only the employment of the various means shoivn and described, but all equivalent means `for performing the recited functions. It is desired to reserve the right to effect such variations and modification of the device as .may come fairly Within the scope of the appended claims.

Vhat I claim is:

l. Ina hydrocarbon burner, a plurality of supports, a retort mounted upon said supports, a pair of burner heads and a mixing chamber arranged centrally of said burnerheads, said mixing chamber communicating with the retort and the burner heads, said burner heads and said mixing chamber constituting a unitary structure resting upon the retort and adapted to be'lifted bodily therefrom. y

2. In a hydrocarbon burner, the combination of an equilateral polygonal burner head, a retort supporting said burner-head, and a mixing chamber communicating with the retort and the burner head, said burner head being provided with a plurality of kerfs upon opposite sides extendingl above and below said retort, and solid portions be tween the adjacent terminals of the lerfs.

3. In a hydrocarbon burner, the combination of a horizontal equilateral polygonal burner head, a retort supporting said burnerhead, and a mixing chamber communicating with the retort and the burnei head, said burner-head `being provided with a plurality of kerfs upon opposite sides extending above and below said retort, the maj or portion of the vertical extent of the kerfs lying above the retort.

el. In a hydrocarbon burner, the combinai tion of a pair of elongated horizontally arranged burner heads, a retort, and a mixing chamber arranged between the burner heads and having one upwardly extending passage and a pair ofdoivnwardly extending passages, said. upwardly extending passage having an air inlet, While said doiviiyvardly extending passages open into said burnerheads, and said retort having its discharge end connected to said upwardly extending passage. i

5. In a hydrocarbon burner, the combination of a pair of burner heads, a retort, and a mixing chambery arranged. between the burner-heads and partitioned to forni a icen tral passage and a pair of passages communicating with and disposed upon opposite sides of the central passage, said central passage having an air inlet, While said pair of passages open into said burner-heads, and' ysaid retort having its discharge end connected to said central passage.

6. In a hydrocarbon burner, the Combination of a pair of alined elongated burner heads, a mixing chambericommon to said burner-heads, and having air inlet means, and a retort partially surrounding the burner-heads and projecting Within the mixing chamber and above the bottom of the burner-heads.

7. In a hydrocarbon burner, the combination of a mixing' chamber having a central intake passage and a pair of outlet passages parallel to and communicating at one end With said intake passage, a burner-head adapted to receive the mixture delivered from each outlet passage, a retort lying in contact with said burner heads throughout its length and adapted to discharge into said passage, and means for admitting air to said intake passage.

S. In a hydrocarbon burner, the combination of a pair of burner heads, a mixing chamber common to saidburner heads, depending air inlet pipes arranged upon opposite sides of said chamber, and a retort partially surrounding the burner heads and adapted to discharge into said mixing chamber.

9. In a hydrocarbon burner, the combination of a mixing chamber having air inlet means, a pair of elongated burner heads arranged at right angles to and upon diamet-v rically opposite sides of said chamber', and communicating therewith, and a side retort adapted to discharge into said mixing chaine ber, said mixing chamber extending above the top of the burner-heads.

10. In a hydrocarbon burner, the combination of an elongated tubular structure closed at both ends, said structure having transverse partitions to form a mixing chainber intercepting the length of said structure, and slotted to form a pair of burner heads, said partitions having apertures to establish communication with the burner-heads and said mixing chamber, and a retort adapted to discharge into said mixing chamber.

11. In a hydrocarbon burner, the combination of an elongated tubular-like structure closed at both ends, the medial portion of said structure being cut away upon opposite sides to form a pair of burner heads, a mixing chamber between said cut aivay portions communicating with said burner heads, and a retort adapted to discharge into said mixing chamber.

l2. In a hydrocarbon burner, the combination of an elongated tubular-like structure closed at both ends, the medial portion of Communicating with the burner heads,'air in- THOMAS JEFFERSON eBOOK.y

Witnesses: f

EDNA H. RAY, p FRANCES C. HAMPTON.

said structure being out away upon opposite sides to form a pair of burner heads, a mixing chamber between said out away portions take means depending from the mixing chamber, and a retortadapted to discharge into said mixing chamber.

Copies of vthis; patent may bev obtained vfor ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents` Washington, D. C. f

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