US1236317A - Composite material for covering drawing-rolls. - Google Patents

Description

E. KEMPSHALL, DECD.

l. B; KEMPSHALL, EXECUTOiL- COMPOSHE MATERIAL FUR COVERING DRAWING ROLLS. APPLICATION FILED APR.15, 1914.

1 83631 7 Q Patented Aug. 7, 1917.

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ELEAZER KEIVIPSHALL, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA; IVA B. KEMPSI-IALL EXECU'I'OB OF SAID ELEAZEB. KEMPSHALL, DECEASED.

COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR COVERING DRAWING-ROLLS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. *7, 11917.

Application filed April 15, 1914. Serial No. 832,085.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELEAZER KEMPsHALL, citizen of the United States, residing at in the'District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Composite Material for Govering Drawing-Rolls; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to a composite fabric, more particularly adapted for covering the drawing rolls used in spinning machines.

The covering for spinning drawing rolls as now almost universally used is usually formed by cementing a soft cloth to the iron roll core and forcing an endless leather cot over the said cloth, the leather cot forming the spinning surface for the thread. Leather is very expensive and is increasing in cost, and the necessary skill in applying such cots is' considerable, and itis also necessary that the leather cots be renewed several times a ear.

A further disadvantage of the use of leather as an outer covering is that it is unequal in thickness, which produces a detrimental effect upon the thread passing between the drawing rolls, causing the thread to bunch and form weak spots.

I am aware it is old in the art to provide a coated material for drawing rolls, but in all such cases known to me, the material is ineffective, as it lacks the necessary "springiness and relative flexibility, which is so essential in the use of the rolls. 1 am also aware that attempts have been made to provide separate coating for drawing rolls, but so far as I am aware, such coatings are ineffective, and in all mills where drawing rolls are in use, leather cots are employed as a covering.

It is my object in the present invention to improve upon the heretofore described standard form of drawing roll cover, and it is my purpose to overcome the before mentioned objectionable features by providing a material which may be made of uniform thickness throughout its whole area, and which is superior to leather in other respects. I My invention therefore consists in the provision of a composite material adapted for covering drawing rolls, preferably by attaching a strip of said composite material directly to the iron core, the said composite material being preferably formed by the application of a relatively thin layer of coating of nitro-oellulose to a sheet of fabric, the fibers of which are relatively resilient or springy, such cloth being preferably wool or a wool and cotton warp.

With the above and other objects in view my invention consists in the peculiar construction of a composite material as herein after described and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Referring to the drawings: Figure 1 is a perspective view of a piece of the roll covering.

Fig. 2 is a similar view of a roll of such covering.

Fig. 3 is a transverse section.

Fig. 4 is a transverse section of a slightly different form.

Fig. 5 is a view of a portion of a drawing roll with the covering thereon.

The numeral 1 designates a portion of a drawing roll and 1 the base of the composite material which covers the periphery of the roll, and, as stated, is preferably a woolen cloth or a cotton warp filled with wool, giv ing a relatively resilient and springy fabric. This cloth should be firm enough so that it will not stretch out of shape and of such a resillent or springy nature to furnish a good spinning cushion which will not lose its shape quickly. The thickness of the fabric may varywithin reasonable limits, but I have found that the entire material should not be thicker than one-eighth of an inch after the fabric has received the nitro-cellulose coating and I have also found that a thickness of one-twentieth of an inch gives very satisfactory results. The fabric base may be treated sufficiently to enable it to Upon this fabric base is applied a coating 2, comprising a relatively thin layer of nitro-cellulose which has been previously treated with a suitable solvent in order that the nitro-cellulose may be in the form of a paste or' viscous liquid and treated with a suitable softener such as castor-oil or the like, in order that the cellulose will beflexible and remain so under excessive usage.

The caster-oil must not be added in such quantities to cause the coating to become sticky so that lint would adhere to said coating. The coating is applied to the fabric base by the usual coating machines and is so treated that the inner surface of the coating becomes tightly attached to the fabric so that the nitro-cellulose coating and the fabric base become essentially one, thereby forming a composite sheet. This intimate relation between the two parts of the composite material is preferably obtained by calendering between the various coating steps which also insures a smooth surface to the coating, in order to provide a satisfactory bearin for the thread. Preferably the surface of the nitro-cellulose coating should be provided with a series of slight indentations, for instance with the pattern known in the trade as a skiver finish, which I have found to surface. Care should be taken in the preparation of this composite material to have the material as pliable as leather, in fact the finished material should be doubled up and squeezed without cracking the coating. A hard horn-like surface such as would be secured by a thick coating of nitro-cellulose not treated to secure pliability would be absolutely worthless for drawing roll purposes although a thin coating of the compound upon the proper base may be treated to cause it to form a hard coating, the thickness of the coating overning the hardness of the material. (i are should also be taken that the nitro-cellulose is not applied in sufficiently liquid state to cause it to sink deeply down into the fibers of the fabric base, for should the cloth become entirely impregnated with the nitro-cellulose the composite fabric would not serve the purposes of my invention. The first or initial coating of the nitro-cellulose should be applied m a'sufliciently fluid state to permit it to adhere firmly to the fabric under the heavy strain of actual use. Any further impregnation of the fabric is a detriment rather than an assistance to the purpose of my invention, and it is desirable to calender the material after the first coating in order that any fibers of the material which are not laid smoothly'will be smooth and thus prevent irregularities in the coating and permit the obtaining of a relatively thin and smooth coating. The total thickness of the coating should not exceed one one-hundredth give the best results as a spinningof an inch, in order to obtain the best result, although it must be remembered that it is rather difficult tomeasure the thickness of the coating, due to a certain amount of the nap of the fabric base which will adhere to the coating when it is attempted to measure the thickness thereof. In general, however, the fabric base when coated is not substantially thicker than before, as the various calenderings and embossings press the material'down.

The composite material thus formed is cut to the proper length and width, and the edges 33 so compressed as to form a slightly beveled edge for the fabric. These beveled edges perform a double function which will be hereinafter explained.

The composite material is attached to the roll by gluing, as drawing roll backings are usually glued or other proper ways, preferably by a butt joint. The butt joints do not need to be glued together, as the slight gap of perhaps one one-thousandth of an inch is an advantage rather than a detriment as it gives an additional flexibility to the drawing roll surface.

When in place upon the drawing roll core, the rolls should be rolled between rotating rollers or treated by similar ironing devices, so that the coating will present a smooth even surface which is desirable. The bevels upon the edges of the strips of fabric form a smooth edge for the drawing roll faces which thus effectually prevents the catching of any thread u on the said edges, thus preventing any kin ing or balling of the thread. The compression of the edges in forming this bevel serves to confine the material between the two compressed edges, so that under severe wear the material will not spread.

his my purpose to make the total thlckness of the drawing roll covering less than that now commonly used, but the composite material may be applied to any drawing roll core now in use. I have found that a composite material of approximately one-twen tieth of an inch in thickness, composed of fabric compactly woven so as to rnaintain its shape and to be relatively resllient and springy, coated with a coating of approin- I mately one one-thousandth of an inch in thickness is very satisfactory, but obviously there can be a substantial variation from these measurements according to the conditions of use and the preference of the user, 1 and it is not my intention to limit myself to the specific measurements herein stated, but to construe my invention as broadly as the state of the prior art will permit.

What I claim is: 1

1. A drawing roll having a flexible composite material on the periphery thereof, said composite material comprising a resilient and springy fabric base, said base comprising a cotton warp filled with a wool 1 woof and a thin facing of Intro-cellulose intimately attached to one surface of said fabric base.

2. A drawing roll having a composite material on the periphery thereof, said composite material comprising a resilient and springy fabric base, said fabric base comprising a cotton warp filled with a wool woof, and a thin facing formed of a cellulose derivative intimately attached to said base. a

. 3. Adrawingroll having afabric covering on the periphery thereof, said covering comprising a fabric base composed of a cotton .5 warp filled with a wool woof, and a facing of a cellulose derivative attached to said fabric base.

4:. A drawing roll having a fabric covering on the periphery thereof, said covering comprising a fabric base composed of a cotton warp filled with a wool woof, and a.

flexible coating intimately attached to the outer surface of the fabric base.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ELEAZER KEMPSHALL.

Witnesses:

J. D. YOAKLEY, J N0. 1mm.

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