US1226566A - Firearm. - Google Patents

Description

.8. A. MOORE.

FmEAnM.

APPLICATION FILED EEB. l. |915- Patented May 15, 1917.

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2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

R. A.-MOORE.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED 626.1, 1916.

Patented May 15, 1917 l 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

:e amarres ra erraten ROBERT A. Moonen, or

NEW YORK, N. Y., SSIGNOB TO TEE MOORE RIFLE AND ARMS COMPANY, INC., OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

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Speccaton of Letters Patent.

ratemeairay i5, inra.

Application filed February 1, 1916. Serial No. 75,551.

The invention is designed primarily with a view to the simplifying of the breech bolt able unloading of the stop mechanism is so set, to enable the mechanism of firearms of the above class so as to reduce to a minimum-the number of parts employed, and also to provide a formation of such parts such as will facilitate the manufacture of the same under practical commercial conditions.

A special feature of the invention also resides in theA peculiar construction of the breech bolt itself and the operating and controllingvmeans for the latter by which the bolt is held at special adjustments incidental to assuming cocked, safety, and fired positions.

Still another Jfeature ot the invention resides in the employment of peculiar adjustable stop mechanism for variably limiting the movement of the breech bolt, and likewise controlling its removability, the said variable movement being utilized for the customary purpose of permitting normally sufficient movement of the breech bolt to enthe firearm, and whenever a shell or cartridge to automatic feeding of the magazine ot the the receiver from weapon.

In addition to the foregoing the invention involves other detail features of construction of the firearm including a special ejector for the spent shells, a peculiar form of bottom closure for the magazine, and other features by way of details of lesser importance, all of which will be readily recognized upon reference to the detailed description hereinafter, and to the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view showing the general features of construction and arrangement of the breech bolt mechanism;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view taken about' on the lin'e 2,2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a detail perspective view of the firing pin handle,

' spring 16 which Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken about on the line 4-4 of Fig. '2.

Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view ofthe breech bolt and associated parts directly car- `ried thereby.

Fig. 6 'is avfragmentary -sectional view ishowing the locking sleeve in rear end elevaion.

Fig. 7 is a plan view showing more `clearly the formation of the recesses in. they locking Fig. 8 is a detail perspective View of thb lug carried by the firing pin handle.

In the drawings 1' designates the barrel of the rifle and 2 the usual' receivelLlQCated at the breech end of the barrel and provided at its side with 'the slot 3 through which the spent cartridge passes when ejected. At its top the receiver which the operator introduces. fresh'l'car- 2 has a slot 4 through tridges one at a time intothebreech, ready to l be carried forward into the barrelmby the subsequent forward movement of the breech bolt 5 which slides longitudinally in the receiver 2 in the well known manner. Beneath the receiver 2 is locate adapted to receive a clip of 'fresh shells or cartridges which are adapted'to be fed upward into the receiver 2. by the usual spring 7 The bottom of the magazine 5 is formed by means of a closure plate 8 pivoted at 9 to the frame of the breech bolt mechanism and adapted to swing laterally or in approximately a horizontal plane. The rear end of the closure plate 8 is notched and adapted to be engaged bya vertically swinging pivoted catch l() which locks the plate in its closed position gaged therefrom to permit of lateral opening movement of the plate.

The breech bolt 5 is formed at one side with the lrerf 11 at the front end of which is located the ejector 12. The ejector 12 is mounted in a recess in the bolt 5 and maintained from displacement by the coss pin 13. Said ejector has a projection 12 extending into the lrerf 11. Opposite t9 the" ejector 12, the -bolt 5 has the extractor 14 ,of any conventipnal construction.n

The firing pin the bolt 5 and its rearextremity is reduced and threaded to receive thereonthe' handle 17. Encircling the tiring pin 15 is the coil acts to impinge .the pin against the percussion cap of the shell in the usual way. The handle 17 is a part of the magazine 6 and must be disen-.

15 is mounted to slide interv iov v a handle member of hollow formation, which handle member has the fixed catch 18 at its lowermost portion, see Fig. 3,said catch coacting with the trigger sear 19 to hold the firing pin in firing or cocked position.

The trigger 2O operates the sear '19 in an.

obvious manner. At its rear end'the bolt 5` carries a tubular extension 5 adapted to operate in the hollow portion of the handle 17 and screwed into the bolt. A locking cylinder 21 is mounted on the member 5 intermediate the parts 5 and 17, is thus rotatively supported and has locking lugs 23 adapted to engage with locking recesses 25 in the breech cylinder 24. The locking sleeve 21 has the loperating lever 22 for rotating it and'for moving the breech bolt 5 into open and closed position, andotherwise manipulating said bolt. The bolt actionincident to the operation of the lever 22, broadly speaking, is that commonly em- .ployed, a forward movement of the lever J22 when upraised shifting the 4fresh cartridge into the barrel at the breech and a downward movement-of the lever rotating the sleeve 21 lockingly engaging the lugs 23 in the r\ 'esses,25 of th(J cylinder 24, under which condition the firearm is ready to be fired.

Then the bolt 5 is drawn rearward carrying with it the handle 17, and subsequently returned to closed position, the lug 18 is engaged by the sear 19 andthe mem-i" ber'17 withthe firing pin 15 restrained and locked in cocked position.

In Figs. 1 and 2 the breech bolt is shown in full lines in the position illustrating the parts after the firing of the cartridge. Peculiar means is employed to hold the lever 22 in three adjusted positions in relation to the breech bolt and involves the provision of recesses-21a, 21" and 21c on the rear end of the locking sleeve 21. With the parts in the position shown in Figs. `1 and 2, the lever 22 is at the lower limit of its movement with the breech closed, and the locking projection 18a seen in Fig. 8 is engaged with the recess 21a of the member 21. The recess 21, see Figs. 6 and 7, has an inclined wall forming a cam of gradual inclination,

and is sufficiently deep that when the projection` 18u enters said recess it is possible for the firing extremity of the pin 15 to engage the cap of the shell to be fired. By a preliminary upward movement of the lever 22 after firing of the weapon, which causes the engagement of the projection 18a in the rec'ess 21, the member 17 is cammed rearward with the firing pin until the projection 18a is seated in the recess 21b of sleeve 21. The recesses 21b and 21C of the sleeve are more shallow than the recess 21a lever 22 and the breech bolt, after parti? effected. Movement of the lever 22 upward from the intermediate safety locked position abovedescribed is resisted materiallyl owing to the sharp inclination of the cam of one wall of said recess 21". This resistance formation of the cam is purposely provided so as to make necessary the exertion of considerable pressure upward on the lever 22 in order to shift the lever beyond the safety position. Such pressure when eX- erted, however, will be sufiicient to carry the lever up far enough to rotate the sleeve 21 until the projectionl 182l engages in the recess -21c whichestablishes a positive lock between the parts necessitating a rearward movement of the lever 22 and firing pin,

`and cocking of the firearm by engagement between the parts 18, 19 before the lever 22 may be restored to its normal position with the breech bolt at closed adjustment.

In addition to the above described coaction between. the parts 18a and the recess 21C, it is obvious that these portions of the construction of the sleeve 21 and handle or hammer 17 afford an interlocking connection 18a and the recess 21c keeps the parts 17 and 21 in proper relative positions when the breech block is thrown back and the member' 21 otherw-ise free to shift rotatably on the part 5a.

- To assume the safety position after the weapon is loaded, it is only necessary to pull the trigger 20, raise the lever 22 to its intermediate safety adjustment, and permit the released handle 17 and firing pin to move forward to the safety position wherein the member 1 8a engages in the recess 21".

For the purpose of variably limiting the y movement of the bolt 5 whereby lesser movement of the same may be controlled for the. unloading of the firearm through the slot 4,

land a greater movement of the bolt permitted to permit its front end to clear the`magazine 6 and afford automatic loading of the gun, special stop means are employed. Referring to Figs. 2 and 4 especially, said stop means Will be seen to consist of the rotative stops 26 and 26a, the ends of which are adapted to engage in the kerl' 11 and each of said ends by abutment'with the ejector 12 will limit the rearward opening movement of the breech bolt. The stops 26 and 26EL are threaded at 27 and adapted to be turned to screw in and out for cooperation with the ejector 12, (and thus With the bolt 5) by means of suitable thumb pieces 28. Then the stop 26"I is in the position shown in Fig. 2 in full lines, the bolt 5 is limited so as to permit hand loading onlythrough the slot 4. By turning the member 28 of the stopl 26a to a vertical position (see dotted lines) the inner end of the stop is Withdrawn from the kerf 11 and the stop 26 comes into play to permit additional movement of the bolt 5 so that automatic loading from the magazine 6 is obtained. In the latter adjustment stop 26 engages the ejector 12, of course. 1f desired to Withdraw the bolt 5 entirely from the breech of the Weapon, the thumb piece 28 of the stop 26 is turned up causing outward movement ci" the stop, and if the stop 26a has likewise been previously so adjusted, the bolt 5 is free to be removed endwise in the usual Way. Each member 28 has a spring pressed pin to enter a recess in the breech and hold the stop against unauthorized movement. lVhen desired to set the gu'n for magazine feed action the thumb-piece 28 of the stop 26 will be turned a half revolution to cause its pin ce to engage a recess in the outer end of the stop 26.

The lug 1S on the member 17 is preferably detachably connected thereto having a dovetail portion 18b adapted to be driven into a correspondingly shaped groove in the member 17 and the lug thus frietionallyheld in position. The lug 18 has a tongue 18c engaging in a groove in the underside of the tubular extension 5 of the bolt 5, see Figs. 6 and 8. rlhis tongue-prevents turning ot' the member 17 relatively to the extension 5a.

The member 26 performs the triple function of engaging and actuating the ejector 12 for effecting ejecting movement of the rlatter, to variably limit the movement of the breech bolt 5 and to control the detachability of the breech bolt and connected parts from the breech of the weapon.

By reason of the extreme simplicity of the construction of the various parts of the invention they may'be very readily manufactured, at a minimum degree-of cost and with due allowance for full eiiiciency in practical operation.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new is:

l. In a firearm, breech mechanism comprising in combination, a receiver, a breech bolt operating therein, a-tiring pin and its -operating means carried by said bolt, trigger controlled catch mechanism for said pin,

an operating and locking lever for said bolt, and means intermediate the lever and the liring pin coperative to hold the lever in a position maintaining the bolt in closed position with the ring pin operative, a second position in which the firing pin is held inoperative, and a third position in which the lever is locked against direct return to normal.

2. In a firearm, breech mechanism comprising in combination, a receiver, a breech bolt operating therein, a firing pin and its operating mea-ns carried by said bolt, trigger controlled catch mechanism for said pin, an operating and locking lever for said bolt, and meansintermediate the lever and the firing pin coperative to hold the lever in a position maintaining the bolt in closed position With the firing pin operative, and a second position in which the firing pin is held. inoperative, and to lock the lever whereby to compel cocking movement of the firing pin previous to return of the lever to normal.

3. In a firearm, breech mechanism comprising in combination, a receiver, a breech bolt operating therein, a iiring pin and its operating means carried by said bolt. a handle member on the firing pin, a locking` sleeve on the bolt provided With an operating lever, trigger mechanism, a trigger catch on said handle member, an interlocking means intermediate the handle member and sleeve for holding the sleeve and lever against unauthorized movement at normal position with the breech closed, and alsmin a position rendering the firing pin inoperative and to lock the sleeve and lever so as to compel cooking movement of the firing pin prior to return of the sleeve to normal. 4. In, breech mechanism for irearms, the combination with a sliding breech-belt, of

les

means for variably limiting the movement A of the said bolt comprising spacet stops having portions adapte-.l to'coact with the bolt, actuatin members coperative with said stops to shift the same for said coaction,

. and coacting -means between. said actuating members `tor maintaining them in predetermlned relation.

5. In breech mechanlsm for firearms, the

combination with a sliding breech-bolt, of'

means for variably limiting the movement 0f the saidbolt comprising rotative stops having portions adaptedv to coact with the vbolt to variably limit its movement, a thumbpiece'for actuating each stop, and means intermediate thethumb-pieces to hold the l stops against unauthorized movement.

6. In breech mechanism' for firearms, the combination 'with a sliding breech bolt, of a receiver in which the bolt operates,- and means to detachably connect the bolt with and to limit its movement in the receiver 'including stops movable inwardly and out-i395 `Wardly and adpated tostop movement of the bolt, an actuating member to move each stop `into and out of coperation with respect to the bolt, and means to positively hold each actuating member against unauthorized movement.

' 7. In breech mechanism for rearms, the combination with a sliding breech-bolt, of a receiver in which the bolt operates, and means to detachably connect the bolt With and to limit its movement in the receiver including spaced stops coperative with the` bolt to variably limit its movement, thumbpieces for movnff the stops to cause either to coact With thelbql out of coperation with the bolt, to variably limit movement and to permit removal, respectively, of said bolt, and means to hold t, and to shift the stops 1 said actuating members against unauthor; y

ized movement including a detent on one 23' thumb-piece coperative with the other thumb-piece. A

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

ROBERT A. MOORE.

copie! of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the "Commissioner of Patents, -Walhingtom D. 63';

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