US1226391A - Refrigerating or ice-making apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

T. sm'PLEY. REFRIGERATING QRICYE MAKINGjPPARATUS."

APP LICAHON FILED SEPT. 28.1916.

Patented May15, 1917.

6 SHEETS-SHEET I.

T. SHIPLEY.

REFRJGEHA'TlNG 0R ICE MAKING APPARATUS. APPLICATION mm SEPT. 28, ms.

Patented May 15, 1917 6 SHEETS-SHEET 2 T. SHIPLEY. REFRIGEBAHNG 0R ICE MAKING APPARATUS.

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' T. SHIPLEY. REFBHSERATING 0R lCE MAKING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 28.1916- Patented. May 15, 1917."

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AUMERATJA G 0R ICE MAKING APPARATUS.

APPLiCATiUN FILED SEPT-23.1916.

Patented May 15, 1917.

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Patmlted May 15, 1917.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6,

alf toznzq a1 SHEPLE'Y. HEFRIGERATING OR ICE MAKING APPARATUS;

JWPHCHTION FILED SEPT. 28. E915.

. iywnzasdyyaZq z/ and thence vbeek to the (1iegmmmetieelly ilhletiwte of York, in the county of Yerk and Eite'te 'euletiom In eueh at.

the discharge side ef the eem through the COIMh-BUSGIL', th ee eee. through the retmgemtmg OIL mnemn emf,

there is always danger of Meetzim attendant 1mm.

UNITED STATIt lS PATENT flFFICm Applieattee sfiketl )tezrehee' 1 3%, lttlftiF-t.

To tzZZ whom may emwem W Be 1t knewm that L TMeMee t4? 1mm,

mil? Pennsylvania, hernia invermed at new end meet 1' m evemeet e ailing; 01" 3e the ZfOHfWiiltl sp My inYBI'ltlQh t0 1n ice-making apparatus et the 4:1 e compressor pump is Wed the em mania 01 other ref ea :11. 1 e ent in ctr I separates or ta the circulation, as is Well euetien side of the COIIIPI'ESSOI-th6 flow of the emmenie, in normal operation, being em free; the con'lp'reseer on the dieeh'wge J Ward the compt'eeser en m Figure 1 ef the e Wie N0. 1,0 (9,610 of Nevemle In the Opel-#1151011 et" at ee 01' some other fifliillt et it m? 1t emmeetions, with eenseq' and property, due te the s eid F z To guard HL 1 meein item the disehe v in eeee ef eueh breaks e simple n'zetter, all th e require the installation in the itleeherge line et a "he t check valve opening in the dn etien et normal flew of the emmemiz'n, th 4 adapted to be tented e1 eleee i. by beck 1:.vessure from the eemte the velvet But to prevent the e :m'nmnie fronmthe sue rm tem W 11?.e1'n it m y be en'mrlted, eee. the major pert m eat the mmieenie eh- :1 thu'ie-ermnged smack valve WeuT 1 no! the p'urpeee, because the flew e. em on the suction side 01 the system is tmmefi the compreseer, meet etmeequentt y e eh valve nee-madly epen thie flow went} a; fmwtm il ren'min epen in e net 015 any twel e en the "uetiefe 1:: Ween it end the tin in these eiuremies the gee from th ,H. .L-dr

t It th white 0 this utiffieelty;

- flow d the mm'nenie in q in the @iteetiee e't 1". stalling at suiteble peiet in the euetllen line 0:? the system, between the refrigerating H emtthe cempreseer, at check vetve Whose closing l'nevement ie in the directive, of the the euetien line, in cembinetiem with meeme extmneeee t0, and independent 01*, ammm'zie circuit "ing system e'xewting epemil the eheek valve a superior pressure in eiireetiee and, held eeen, [in the new. tmn 0t t the pweeemre meme WM pese prise e. to e 7. e pipe Mme through which it '3 eem'e'eyed. t0 the peiet W1 ere it is: te eet new the eheelt t j I I connected. te, and (Mitten from, the tense en me which tieivee the eem preteen, eeeretiegg te Serene tit e it; '61 eg' et t pipe "time "#40 the mint Where W L we ripen the cheek "velive. k e? T re: pr'evidei for relieving p1" in t eiIL pipe 1, L 01* pinup Hue it vmy T" termed, ije.

of e pref]etem'nined M t 4 1:; prov ded et e e4; pump between t mite tel" ee'x'teiu pane and end \ .Lpenying' ehreiwit tee-rented the ex'nbed meet whele, If at meter Fig; 1 gmmmetie eeeetive View and dwe eet e1 deteiiie, 2? an eppe'mtue embodying my impreveme'ete, T "mes are we nuileiin er1-- Fig. 6 is aside elevation of the same show ing the mechanism for driving the shaft which carries the eccentric for operating the pump plunger.

Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation, in a measure diagrammatic and divested of detail, of a, remote control device for relieving /,p,ressure in the pump'line.

,In Figs. 4 and 6 the counter-weighted control valve and its housing and fittings are omitted.

Fig. 1 represents in perspective a. twin cylinder, single-acting, vertical, ammonia compressor, of well known type, with so much of its connections to the discharge side and the suction side respectively of the apparatus as needed for the purposes. of explanation.

A are the compressor cylinders.

B is the header leading from the suction side of the system to the suction ends of the cylinders A through branch pipes B.

Pipes Z, similarly arranged, lead from the discharge ends of the compressor cylinders, as will be understood without further explanation. The circulating system, as shown by dotted lines, is from the discharge side of the compressor, through the branch pipes Z and main discharge line to which they are, connected, to condenser,'thence to refrigerating coil, and thence through the suction line B, B, back to the suction side of the compressor.

X is the main crank shaft of the engine, from which the pistons of the compressor cylinders are driven through the usual connections. All these parts may be of any ordinary or usual construction.

At the junction of the suction line B with the branches B B is located the suctionchecc k-valve, whose case or shell is shown at D is the casing of the pump whose piston wr plunger is driven from the main crankshaft by belting, as indicated at y; and w is the pipe line, which I have termed the pump line, leading from the pump to the casing C of the suction check valve.

In the normal operation of the apparatus, the liquid forced through the pumpflinle a; by the pump D, exerts upon the suctioncheck-valvc in the casing C a pressuresilfl flicient to hold it open against the opposing pressure in the suction line B.

,VVhenever for any reason the pump stops, the pressure in the pump line is automatically at once reduced, permitting the suction check valve to be shut by the pressure in the suction line, thus closing the suction line tight from any escape of ammonia.

Having thus indicated in a general way the arrangement of the devices in which my invention is comprised, and their relations to one another and to the compressor and its connections, I proceed to a more particular description of the construction, arrange ment and operation of said devices by reference to the other figures of the drawmgsi The suction-check-valve and its immediate surrounding connections are shown in the sectional Fig. 2the arrows in this figure representing the direction of the flow of the ammonia through the valve casing C, which of the ammonia; the opening movement of the valve is upward and in a direction against the flow of the ammonia. The check valveproper is provided below with the usual guide wings e, and above with a piston-like head 0' supported on webs e which head fits and is adapted to more up ard down in a cylindrical chamber 0 in the top of the casing closed by a removable top. or cap 0 tightly bolted to the body of the casing. In the wall of this cylindrical chamber is a passage 0 leading from the interior of the casing G above valve E to the upper part of chamber 0' to permit pressure in the suction line to be exerted upon the head 6 from above as well as from below.

In the bottom of the valve casing, directly below the check valve, is an opening in which closely fits the neck of a bonnet F which is bolted to, and makes a fluid tight connection with, the valve casing. The bonnet for a portion of its length is cored out from its upper end to provide a cylindrical chamber f to receive a piston or plunger f which-fits and can move up and down in said chamber, and has on its upper end a vertically projecting stem f which moves up and down with the piston f and is designed to bear centrally against the under face of, and lift, the check valve when the piston is elevated, and, on the other hand, to permit the check valve to drop and seat itself when the piston is in its low position.

, Below the cylindrical chamber f there is another chamber 1" in the bonnet F, into which' the pump line pipe as enters, and which forms virtually the terminal of the pump line. The two chambers f and f are separated by a partition f which forms the top of the lower chamber and the bottom of the upper chamber; and which has in it a central opening f through which the fluid under pressureprefe'rably oil-will pass from the chamber f into the chamber f,

to there exert its upward pressure upon the piston f The lower end of the bonnet F is closed by a smaller bonnet G which screws into the bonnet G is screw internally screw-threaded lower end of hen-- net F and makes a fluid tight joint there with, and forms the bottom. of the chamber f. The outer end of the bonnet G is closed by a packing nut g and a gland g which screws tight onto the body of the bonnet G and up against the head of the packing nut as shown. The interior of the threaded for a portion of its length to receive the correspondingly eX- ternally screw threaded portion of a spindle H, which passes through the bonnet as shown and has above its screw threaded portion a cylindrical. end of smaller diameter which passes through the chamber f in bonnet F loosely up through the hole i in the partition f so as not to prevent the flow of oil or other fluid therethrough, and up into the cylindrical chamber f in a position where it may bear against and lift the piston f whenever occasion arises for such action. The spindle for this purpose is manipulated hy a si iitahle handle or hand Wheel h. In the position. shown in 2, the spindle H has been screwed up enough to slightly lift the piston from its lowest position to a position in which its vertical stem f just reaches the check valve, without, however, lifting it. V

The purpose of the screw spindle H is to provide a ready means for elevating the plunger or piston f and thus lifting and holding the check valve 011' its seat, in case the fluid pressure is not available for the purpose, which would happen if the oil pump during he operation of the apparatus were stopped for any purpose, as for packing, repairs, etc. The spindle H, it will he noted, has on it a bevel annular valve seat in. to en a corresponding cylinder seat f on the under face of the partition 7' sur rounding hole f therein, so that when the spindle is screwed up to lift the valve to proper height, the two seats )2 and f will meet one another and thus shut off the piston chamber f entirely from the pump line, thus preventing any leakage of ammonia from the suction line into the pump line which in these" circumstances might otherwise occur owing to absence of pressure in the pump line.

I proceed now to a description of the pump and its immediate accessories, reference "for this purpose being had more partic ularly to Figs. 3-6 inclusive, which, as before said, represent the preferred embodiment of these devices.

D is an upright cylindrical casting containing the pump cylinder J and the pot or reservoir J for the insid -preferably oil. Above the tuunp inder and oil reservoir, and within ti mug, are two chambers L M, their on Formed hy the walls cit. the c" in their inner walls-by between themshown.

serve in the usual were hermetitally closed clearly in dotted lines in the plan view Fig.

v The chamber L is a closed air tight ch amber, communicating with, and receiving the oil from, the pump cylinder J, and connected to the pump line 0:, which enters its top as shown more particularly in Fig. 4, and leads from thence to the suction check valve case G as already described.

The pump cylinder above and below is provided with ordinary or suitable valves, such as the valve disks 7' j and central guide spindles on which they are mounted, which way to guide and limit their movement. At a suitable point in the wall. of the cylinder is formed an opening through which the closely fitting horizontal reciprocating extends from the oil reservoir. at its end outside the pump cylin or is joined by a yoke K to a piston guide K, both piston and piston guide moving as one, and being supported in suitable hearings in which they can reciprocate. The reciprocating movement of the pump piston-which is of limited extent-is efi'ected by means of an eccentric 0 which is located in an opening left for that PUXJOSB between the interior opposite ends of piston K and its guide K, as shown in Fig. 4, and is secured on and revolves with a horizontal drive shaft 0 located in. the oil reservoir at right angles to, and on the same level with, the piston and guide, and mounted in bearings in the casting D in which it can rotate. The drive shaft 0 can be actuated by any suitable means. shown more particularly .in Figs. 4 and 6 of the drawings, and will be presently dcscrihed.

the prunp is in operation, the recip rocation of the pum plunger K sucks oil from the bottom tie oil pot or reservoir 5* up through the lower valve j into the pump cylinder and discharges it through the upper valve from the oil cylinder into the closed cham er L above, as will be understood without further explanation. Continued action of the ump results in the ac cumulation of oil a ove until it fills "he chamber L and the oil line a: up to the tion-check valve operatin piston and ther accumulates pressure in t e pump line until it is so far superior to the opposed ressure in the suction line as to lift andho (1 open the suctiomcheelr-valve. Ifthe pump line against escape of oil, the pressure inthe line would in time increase much beyond the point needed to hold the check valve open. To relieve this excessive pressure, 1 form in the Wall or partition between the two chambers '11, M, a communicating opening normally closed hy spririg-controlled relief valve of any suitable known construction, such as shown in longitudinal axial section at P Fig.

The iston pump plunger or piston K' One means for that purpose is 4, with an adjusting screw P to regulate the compression of the closing spring in order to permit said valve to open when 'the pressure in chamber L exceeds a predetermined limit, the excess of oil discharging through the opening in the partition from the closed chamber L into the open chamber M, whence it can be. returned to the oil pot J through any suitable channel, provided in the pres ent instance by the gage glass J on the exterior of the casting I), the lower end of said glass opening into the oil ot and its upper open end into the floor of the chamber M. Oil thus discharged through the relief valve into this open chamber, flows over its floor .-to the open end of the gage glass, down means, typified by the couuterweighted lever through which it returns to the oil-pot.

It is requisite to locate at some convenient point in the pump line, between the pump and the suction-check-valve, a valve controlling an opening through which the fluid contents of the pump line may discharge, in order to reiieve the suction-checkvalve of pump line pressure and allow it to close. This control valve is shown at R in Fig. 3, as located in the top of the closed chamber L. In an opening in the top of this chamber is tightly secured a vertical bonnet R, having on its lower end (which opens into chamber L) a valve seat T. To this outlet is applied the valve R, from below the bonnet, provided with a stem 1- which passes up through and projects above the top of the bonnet, and is pressed down a direction to open the valve'by suitable R hinged to yoke R encircling the upper end of the bonnet and held in place thereon by a lock nut It. On the control valve is a. seat 1" coactiug with the bonnet seat r to close the outlet when the valve is lifted. This lifting motion oi the valvevis occasioned by the pressure in the pump line, which, when the machine is-in action, normally exceeds the opposed pressure of the counter-weight, and thus closes the control valve R. v The stem of the valve has an enlarged head 1" which fits snugly the upper interior cylindrical portion of the bonnet,

and on the lower portion of the stem, which is of less diameter than the head, are the usual radial guide wings 0 At a point in the side/of the bonnet R below the enlarged head portion 1' of the valve stem, is an open ing 7" through which the fluid contents of the pump line which pass up into the bon' net, when the control valve is opened, may freely discharge, thus relieving instantly the pump line pressure upon the suction check valve. I prefer to fit this opening with a suitablecontrolling device such as the bib cock 1", the nozzle of which overhangs an opening in the top of the chamber M screened by a wire strainer 1' for catching whatever solid matter may be in the liquid which discharges from the'cock' This liqu1d passes through the strainer into the open chamber M, and thence back to the oil pot through the gage glass.

The bib cock r is normally open while the machine is in operation. It must be closed when star-tin the pump, until pressure suflicient to 1i t and close the control valve R has been established in the pump line 00; after which it is opened.

Under the conditions thus far described, it will be noted that if, during the normal op eration of the machine with pressure in the pump line suflicient to hold the suction check valve open, there should be breakage on the suction side of the compressor, or between it and the suction-check-valve, and the engine, and consequently the machine and the pump, should be shut down, yet even after such stoppage of the pump, the suction-check-valvewould still be helc? openby the accumulated confined pressure in the pump line, thus permitting the continued discharge of the contents of the suction line through the break. It becomes necessary, therefore, to provide a means to bring about, under these condi: tions, a reduction of ressure in the pump line sufficient to permit the counterweighted control valve R to dro and thus throw open the discharge outlet o the pump line. This result I attain by roviding in t e pump line a bleeder so-called'that is to say, an orifice which allows the continuous leakage or restricted escape ofa fluid after the valve proper (in thisinstance the valve R) which controls the escape of said fluid is closed. This bleeder may be located at. any suitable point in the pump line between the pump and the suction check-valve. cate it in the control valve R and its immediate surroundings, as shown in Fig. 3.

In this figure the bleeder. passage 8 is shown, partly in dotted lines'and partly in section, as extending u centrally through the control valve R an its stem to a point just below the enlarged head r of the stem, and adjoining the outlet r in the side of the I prefer to lo- At this point, branch orifices a, s, are made leading laterally from the main bleeder passage a through the sides of the valve stem; Under this arrangement, it' will be noted that the restricted flow of the fluidfrom the bleeder will be carried off and returned to the oil pot by the same route as that followed by the main discharge consequent upon the opening of the control valveproper R. Another advantage of this arrangement is that, if the pump, during the operation. of the machine, be temporarily stopped for any reason, it is still possible, by closing the cock 1 and thus preventing escape of the fluid from the bleeder, to main. tam, for quite some time, in the pumpsli-ne pressure suflicient to hold the suction check counter-weight and permit the pressure in the pump line to lift the thus-liberated valve and discharge through the outlet v to the atmosphere, thus as once relieving the pressure in the pump line and allowing the suction-check-valve to close, this condition of things continuing so long as the valve '0 is free from the controlling pressure of its counter-weight o even with the compressor and pump in continued action. On release of the counter-weight '0 it drops, thus closing the valve v, whereupon, under the action of the pump, pressure again accumulates in the pump line, until it is sufficient to again open and hold open the suction-check-valve. The oil discharging from the pump line through outlet '0 may be re-- turned to the oil pot of the pump by any suitable means. The part a 1n this figure is merely a support located at the elbow as in the pump line a: to sustain the line at that point.

Having described my improvement and the best way now known to me of carrying it into eflt'ect, I state in conclusion that I do not limit myself narrowly to the structural details hereinbefore described and shown in the accompanying drawings in illustration of my invention, since manifestly the same can be varied considerably without departure from the spirit of the invention; but what I claim herein as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is as follows:

1. In refrigerating or ice making apparatus, the combination with the compressor, the refrigerating coil, andthe suction line including the refrigerating coil and leading to the suction side of the compressor, of a check valve interposed in the suction line between the refrigerating coil and the compressor, whose closing movemen is in the direction of the flow of the fluid in the suction. line, and means extraneous'to, and independent of, the fluid circulating system in which the suction line is included, adapted and arranged to exert upon the check valve during the normal operation of the compressor a superior pressure in a direc- 'tion to open it and hold it open against the pressure in the suction line, said check valve being automatically closed by the pressure in the suction line whenever the superior .pressure exerted by said extraneous means is removed. 7

2. Thecombination with the compressor,

the refrigerating coil, and the suction line including the refrigerating coil and leading to the suction side of the compressor, of a check valve interposed in the suction line between the refrigerating coil and the compressor, whose closing movement is in the direction of the flow of the liquid in .the suction line; a pump, pump-driving means, and areservoir from which the pump draws its supply of liquid; a pump line to the check valve through which liquid under pressure is forced by the pump in a direction to open the check valve against the 0pposing pressure in the suction line; a discharge opening'in the pump line at a point between the pump and the check valve for the escape 0 liquid from the pump line; and a control valve for saidopening arranged and adapted to close and be held closed by the pressure in the pump line established by the action offthe pump, and adapted to open whenever that pressure falls below a predetermined limit, to permit the free escape of the liquid from the pump line, and theconsequent closing of the suction-check-valve. V

3. The combination with the compressor, the refrigerating coil, and the suction line including the refrigerating coil and leading to the suction side of the compressor, of a check valve interposed in the suction line between the refrigerating coil and the compressor and adapted to be closed by pressure of the fluid in the suction line; a pump, pump-driving means, and reservoir from which the pump draws its supply of liquid; 3, pump line leading from the ump to the check valve, through which liquid under pressure is forced from the ump in a direction to open the check val ire against the opposing pressure in the suction line; a discharge opening in the pump line at a point between the pump and the check valve; a control valve for said opening, closed by pressure in the pump line, and opened whenever said pressure falls below, a predetermined limit; and a bleeder also located in the pump line between the pump and the check valve, through which continuous lea age or restricted escape of, liquid from tht pump line takes place after the closing of the control valve.

4. The combination with the compressor, refrigerating coil, suction line, and check valve interposed in the suction line between the refrigerating coil and the comprem'or, of the force pump, the pump line between said pump and the check valve, through which liquid under pressure is forced by the pump to open the check valve against the pressure in the suction line, and manually operable means adapted to lift and open the check valve independently of the pressure in the pump line.

5. The combination with the com ressor, refrigerating coil, suction line, an check valve interposed in the suction line between the refrigerating coil and the compressor, of the pump; the um line between the pump and the chec va ve, through which liquid under pressure is forced by the pump to open the'check valve against the pressure the pump line at a suitable een the pump mid the oheelt valve 1; a control, valve for said ops-nhug closed by pressure in the pump line, mid opened Whenever said pressure tulle below predetermined limit; :1 housing for said control valve; it vulve or cook-controlled outlet in housing :t'or escape of liquid passing from the pump line through said discharge opening; and a bleeder extending from the interior of the pump line through the control valve and arranged and adapted to diseherg e through,

the outlet in the control valve housing.

.6. The combination with the compressor, refrigerating coil, suetion line, and check valve inter-poser?! in the suction. line between the refrigerating coil end compressor,

of the force pump. the pump line throu h "which liquid under pressure is forced y the pump to open thesuotion check-valve against the pressure. in the suction line, a discharge outlet in the pump line, a counterpressed remote-control valve which normally closes and holds closed said outlet against pressure in the pump line, and manuelly operable means whereby said remoteoontrol valve may be opened at will to perwit the relief, through the outlet controlled by it, of the pressure in the pump line, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore set forth.

In testimony whereof I aflix my si ature.

THOMAS SHIP EY.

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