US1221921A - Fluid motor or pump. - Google Patents

Description

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FLUID MOTOR'OR PUMP. APPLICATION FILED APR. 19, I913.

Patented Apr. 10

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FLUID MOTOR OR PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED APR. vs, 1913.

Patented Apr. 10, 1917.

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5] I400 nto'o W4; W200 w M n'oeusr s a ELEVATOR COMP Kl OF HASTINGS-UPON-H'UDSON, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR T0 OTIS A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

FLUID MOTOR OF, PUMP.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. to, teat.

Application filed. April19,1913. Serial no. 762,215.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AUGUST SUNDH, a citizen of the United States, residing in Hastings-upon-Hudson, in the county of Westchester and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in F luid' Motors or Pumps, of which the foltained pump having straight line pistons and cylinders.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a double acting multiple cylinder pump which will operate over a widerange of speed with little or no friction of moving parts.

Other objects of the invention will appear hereinafter, the novel combinations of elements being pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents in elevation a pump containing an embodiment of my invention; Fig. 2 is a sectional view of Fig. 1,- Fig. 3 is an end section view of Fig. 2 taken on the line 3 -3; Fig. 4 is a similar sectional view of Fig. 2 taken on theline 44; Fig. 5 is a cross sectional view of Fig. 2 taken on the line 5-5; Figs. 6 and 7 are detail views of certain. parts shown in Fig. 2; Figs. 8 and 9 are fragmentary side sectional vlews taken on the lines 8-8 and 99, respectively of Fig. 3; Figs. 10, 11 and 12 are diagrammatic views showing the operation of the pistons and valves.

Like reference characters denote similar parts in all of the figures.- 1

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings accompanying this specification it will be seen that the pump comprises a cylindrical casing made in. two halves or barrels 10 and 11,

pistons or plungers such as 18, 19, 20, 21 and half of the casing and arranged in axial alinement with each other. Since these plungers are all alike, and operate in a similar manner, a description of one of them will answer for all. Each of the plungers, such as 18, is flattened in the middle on diametrically opposite sides (see Fig. 7) and to this flattened portion 25 is secured a yoke 26, by means'of a pin 27 or other suitable fastening. The yoke 26 is carried by a boss 27 formed in the disk or tilting head 28, and is hushed therein by a removable anti-friction bushing 29, 'in which the yoke has a small sliding'movement. The tilting head 28 is split through the center line of the yoke bushing, and the split parts are fastened together by a number of bolts such as 32. The tilting head is supported upon a pair of collars 33, and 34, which loosely surround the shaft 14 and are held in proper position thereon by means of the bearing balls 38 and a hardened steel collar 35., This collar is clamped between a collar 37 turned in the shaft and a sleeve 36, which latter is secured in place by means of a nut 39' (see Fig. 2)." The circumference of the-collars 33 and 34 is turned spherical as is the coacting inner circumference of the tilting head, so that the latter may be tilted upon the collars without tending to displace the latter from their proper position on the shaft. The right hand end of the tilting head extends outwardly in the form of a circular shell 39, the inner circumference of which carries a hardened steel ball race 40, which is clamped against movement by a securing member or ring 44. A hardened steel collar 42 is arranged concentric with the ball race 40 and a double row of bearing balls such as 41 are placed therebetween. The collar 42 is carried upon and slotted into a wedge 43 which is carried in a slot in the shaft 14, and arranged to have a bodily movement therein in the direction of the axis of the shaft only. As shown in Fig.5, the wedgefis made-in two pieces, so that it may be assembled on the shaft, and its shape wedge in the slotted shaft. The yoke 47 is pivoted at 48, and is operatively connected to a traveling nut 49, which latter may be moved in any desired direction by means of a screw 50 and connected hand wheel 51. It will be observed that the ball race 40 is ipherical in form, while the ball races rmed on the periphery of the collar 42 comprise two parallel grooves, the arrangement being such that the'balls will always run true without binding even though the head 28 be tilted through various angles with respect to the shaft. By means of the hand wheel 51, the wedge 43 may be moved along the slot in the shaft and held in adjusted position against any possibility of movement. When the wedge occupies an intermediate position in the slot, the axis of the tilting head coincides with the axis of the shaft and the tilting head assumes the position-shown in Fig. 2, with the collar 42 concentric with the shaft. When, however,

the wedge is moved in a. left hand-direction lying between the center lines a and b. If

the wedge be in the position shown in Fig. 2 and the axis of the yokes, such as 26, be perpendicular or at right angles to that of the shaft and the latter be revolved, it will be observed that no motion whatever is imparted to the tilting head, and plungers,

since the collar 42 is concentric with the axisof the shaft. If the wedge be moved to the extreme left such as is shown in Fig. 6, and the shaft be rotated, the tilting head will oscillate upon the. collars 33 and 34, which oscillatory movement will obviously cause all of the plungers to reciprocate in their respective cylinders. The wedge may be adjusted into any desired position with respect to the slot in the shaft,'while the shaft is rotating, and in this manner the stroke of the plungers may be varied at will from a maximum stroke to any desired stroke, and by centering the wedge and tilting head, the

. shaft may continu to rotate without effecting the slightest movement of the plungers.

Referring again to Fig. 2, it will be seen I that av web or partition 52 is formed in the casing 10 and this web forms an intermediate bearing for the shaft, which comprises the balls 53 andthe co-acting ball races carried upon the shaft and web, respectively.

When the tilting head is tilted to one side or the other and the plungers are pumping It will be noted seen that between the cylinders are 9.

against a head or pressure, it is obvious that the head will exert a thrust lengthwise of the shaft. This thrust is transmitted through the bearing balls 38 to the shaft, and the thrust on the shaft is received by the thrust bearings 54 and 55, which bear against the right hand end of the casing 11, and the web or partition 52, respectively. that both of these thrust bearings 54 and 55 are self alining, in that one of the faces of the ball races of each bearing is spherical in form and bears against a similar spherical shaped recess in the casing and web, respectively, so that even though the shaft be slightly out of alinement or should it spring a trifle under heavy load, the hearings will perform their proper duty under any and all conditions of speed and load met in practice.

Having described the method of operating the plungers and for varying their stroke, I will now point out the valve apparatus and the method in which the device acts asa pump.

Referring to Figs. 2, 3 and 4, it will lbe P rality of fluid passages such as 56, 57, 58, 59 and 60, which extend completelythrough both halves, 10 and 11, of the casing, and these passages serve to convey fluid from the cylinders, in the casing 11 to the valve apparatus. The right hand head 13 of the casing 11 contains cored ports such as 61, 62, 63, 64 and 65, which connect the right hand cylinders containing the plungers 18, 19, 20, 21 and 22 with the passages 56, 57,

.58, 59 and 60, respectively. Each of these passages, such as the lowermost one designated' by 58, contains a bushing or lining 66 which forms a fluid-tight passage leading from one end of the casing to the other and the left hand end of each passage is closed by a screw-plug such as 67. Each of the sleeves contains a port such as 69 which is connected by a cored passa e such as 68 through a port 70 in the ho low plug 71 (see Fig. 2), and by a port, such as 72, to

the valve apparatus. The arrangement of the sleeves 66, ports 69, and passages 68 is symmetrical, and the construction is likewise similar in each case. The plugs 71 and ports 70 and 72 associated with the cylinders 24 in the casing 10 are in like manner similar in every respect as also are ports such as 74 which are arranged in each of the cylinders 24.

The rotary valve which controls the flow of fluid to and from the plurality of cylinders will now be described. This valve is located in the cylindrical space between the head 16 of casin 11, and the web 52, and comprises a hub 5 which is rigidly secured to the shaft 14 by means of a key 76 or other suitable fastening means. ,Spokes such as 77 radiate from this hub, and carry the sides of the head 12 and web 52, respec- .tively,and areof the same diameter as that of the Valve chamber in which they rotate.

A flange 81 is located at equal distances from the side flanges 79 and 80, and is of the same diameter as 'said side flanges. Other flanges such as 82 and 83 are'located on either slde of the center flange 81, thereby forming four valve chambers, and they are inclined with respectthereto as shown in Fig. 2. These latter flanges are provided with lugs 84, 84, whichare for the purpose of insuring .a quick opening and closing of the various ports at the proper moment. Two pipes 85 and 87 are located at the-top of the casing 10, and one of them,

the pipe 85, is connected by a passage on port 86 to the valve chambers located on either side of the center vertical flange 81, while the other, the pipe 87, is connected by a chamber or passage 88, havingports 89 and 90 leading into the valve chambers located on the left and right hand sides of the inclined flanges 81 and 83, respectively (see Figs. 8 and. 9).

It will be observed that the rotary valve is in effect a double or two-part. valve, in that one part controlsthe fluid passing to and from the cylinders 23, while the other part controls the fluid in a similar manner for the cylinders 24. The passages 56, 57, 58, 59 and 60 convey the; fluid from the cylinders 23 to the opposite end of the pump casing, and thus the entire valve apparatus may be located at one end of the pump, whicharrangement simplifies the valve con- 'struction to a large extent, and reduces the tendency for leakage, while at the same time it enables the pump to be much more compact than it otherwise would be and eliminates a complex system of pipe connections as well as reducing the friction of rotating parts to a minimum.

Having pointed out the construction of a pump containing an embodiment of, my invention, I will now take up its operation. It has already been shown that by rotating the shaft. 14 andconnected parts, with the tilt:

ing head in tilted position, the plungers will reciprocate in their respective cylinders with a stroke depending on the inclination or amount of tilt of the tilting. headpwhichtilt may be adjusted and controlled between predetermined'limits bythehandwh'eel 51 and maintained constant at any desired degree of. tilt.

Referring to, Fig. 10, wherein :the tilting head occupies a neutral position with its-r axis coincidingwith the axis of the shaft, it will be seen thatfla rotationof the shaft in' either direction'will merely rotate the valve.

without in any way effecting a reciprocating angle represented by the angle subtended by the lines a and 0, and the shaft be rotated in a direction so as to bring the parts in the position shown in Fig. 11, the plunger 18 moving from right to left, the suction set up in the. cylinder 23 by the plunger 18 will cause fluid to flow from the pipe 87 through the valve chamber located between the flanges 79 and 82, throughthe port 72, hollow plug 71, port 70, passage 56, cored port 61, and into the cylinder 23. The opposite end of the plunger will compress fluid in the cylinder 24, and force it through the port 74, into the valve chamber located between the flanges 81 and 83, through the passage 86, and out of the pipe 85. :If the shaft be rotated through 180 and the plunger 18 be moving in the opposite direction as shown in Fig. 12, the fluid flow is reversed, but,

the other half of the valve controls the por 74 leading to the cylinders 24.

The action of the other plungers is exactly similar to that of the one just described since the valve and the plungers must operate in synchronism with the rotation of the shaft. That is to say if the valve is arranged so as to take care of one set of cylinders and their plungers-such as the cylinders 23 and 24 and plungers 18- of Figs. 11 and 12, when the shaft is revolved one fifth of a revolution or through 7 2.9, the valve will take up the same position with respect to the cylinders adjacent the cylinders 23 and 24 as shown in connection with the latter cylinders, providing the cylinders are of the same number as shown and provided they are symmetrically disposed about the axis of the shaft and ar- I vice versa; This feature is of decided merit where it is desired to maintain the rotation of'the shaft at constant speed by a prime mover. or motor such. asan alternating current motor. The shaft may thus berunning continuously in one direction and the pump be madeto cease pumping altogether or to hand wheel 51.

. Any number of cylinders. and co-acting pistons or plungers may be used, andI have shown a ten cylinder pump since that arrangement makes a very satisfactory arrangement both as regards the capacity of the pump and as regards the mechanical structure of the same. With a ten cylinder pump at least five cylinders will be compressing, while five are under suction except for the instant when oneof the'plungers is passing the dead center or having its direction of movement reversed.

The valve is balanced against lateral pressure as an inspection of Figs. 11 and 12 will show, and hence no thrust is placed upon the shaft by reason of the action of the fluid in the valve chambers. The thrust set up in the shaft 14 by the reaction of pressure upon the tilting head is taken up by the bearing balls 38, 38, and the ball bearings 54 and 55, so that little or no friction is induced by a thrust action. In fact the anti-friction bearings throughout the pump are arranged to take care of substantially all friction of moving parts in so far as it is possible or practical so to do. The casing may contain a quantity of oil or other suitable lubricant, which will be distributed by splash to all of the interior working parts of the pump. The entire pump mechanism is inclosed against the possible entry of dirt or foreign matter, and with all parts working in a copious bath of oil the action of the pump in service will be absolutely noiseless and without vibration, since all reciprocating and rotary parts are in perfect balance. The entire pump mechanism is readily accessible for inspection or repair and the only visible moving 'part in view is the end of the shaft 14.

Whilethe apparatus herein disclosed is particularly adapted for a pump of great power and capacity occupying a minimum amount of space, the same may be used as a fluid ressure motor, and, as such will retain all 0 the inherent good qualities of the apparatus, the latter being present whether the device be called upon to function as a pump or a motor. I

I wish not to be limited to the particular construction herein shown, as various changes in the details of constructionand I arrangement of parts might obviously be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

What I claim is new, and desire to have protected by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. In a pump, a casing, a shaft adapted 2. In a pump, a casing, a shaft arranged in fixed relation to the.

for rotation in the casing, a plurality of cylinders axially and symmetrically disposed about said shaft and in fixed relation to the casing, plungers in the cylinders, a non-rotatable member carried in bearings on the shaft and connected to the plungers, means for effecting an oscillatorymovement of said member when the shaft is rotated, and means comprising an adjustable eccentric driven from the shaft for varying the degree ofoscillatory movement of said member independently of the shaft to effect a variable length of'stroke of said plungers.

3. In a pump, a casing, a shaft arranged to rotate in the casing, a plurality of cylinders axially and symmetrically disposed about said shaft and infixed relation to the casing, plungers in thecylinders, a tilting head connected to said plungers and ada ted to be tilted with respect to said shaft, a wedge associated with said head and shaft for varying the angle of tilt of said head whereby the rotation of the shaft will effect a reciprocation of said plungers by the said head, and means for varying the position of said wedge to control the length of stroke of the plungers.

4. In a pump, a casing, a shaft arranged to rotate in the casing, a plurality of cylinders axially and symmetrically disposed about said shaft and-in fixed relation to the casing, plungers in the cylinders, a tilting head having a sliding connection with said plungers and adapted to be tilted with respect to the shaft, a wedge associated with said head and shaft for varying the angle of tilt of said head, and means for changing the position of the wedge to vary the length of stroke of the plungers independently of the shaft. 1

' In testimony whereof, I'have signed my

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