US1218989A - Artificial tooth. - Google Patents

Description

L. E. EVSLIN.

ARTIFICIAL TOOTH.

APPLICATION FlLED OCT. 21. 1910.

Patented Mar. 13,1917.

l/VVE/VTOH e0 E. Ens/in LEO E. EVSLIN, on NEW YORK, N. Y.

ARTIFICIAL TOOTH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 13, 1917.

Application filed October 21, 1910. Serial No. 588,378.

To all whom 2'25 may concern:

Be it known that I, Lno E. EVSI IeT, a S11b ject of the Emperor of Russia, residing at New York, in the county of New York and- State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Artificial Teeth, of which the following is a specification.

' My invention has reference to improvement in artificial teeth and relates particularly to that type of artificial teeth wherein is employed a pinv and a metallic backing for the tooth and wherein it is intended that the pin and backing should be interchangeable with teeth of the same kind.

The invention has for its principal ob ect to provide a metallic boxing or socket for the reception of the pin in the tooth, said box or socket being preferably closed at lts inner end, a metallic backing for the tooth, and a pin having a nail-like head to facilitate in the removal of pin and backing and soldering together of said pin and backing without previously investing the same.

Other objects and aims of the invention, more or less specific than those referred to above, will be in part obvious and in part pointed out in the course of the followmg description of the elements, combinations, arrangements of parts and applications of principles, constituting the lnventlon; and the scope of protection contemplated will be indicated in the appended claim.

In the accompanying drawings which are to be taken as a part of this specification, and in which I have shown amerely preferred form of embodiment of the invention:

Figure 1 shows, in section, a molar provided with a metallic boxing, or socket, opening out of the back of the tooth, at a point preferably out of the center of the same, a nail-like pin being shown removed from the socket; v

Fig. 2 is a back View of the tooth see in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 except that the metallic boxing 0r socket is round, whereas in Figs. 1 and 2 it is square;

Fig. 4 shows, in section, a bicuspid having a concave back, and illustrating the pin and backing in place;

Fig. 5 is aback view of the tooth seen in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 shows, in section, a tooth of the kind called facings with its pin and backing in place. In this tooth the pin enters at the cervicakborder.

Fig. 7 is a back view of the tooth seen in Fig. 8; I

Fig. 8 shows, in section, a facing of a dif ferent shape; I

F ig. 9 shows, in section, 21 facing similar to that shown in Fig. 8, but with round bottomed socket and round pointed pin and with the socket opening out of the back of the facing. The pin being inserted in the socket;

Fig. 10, shows in section, a facing similar to that shown in Fig. 8, but with a square socket having an inclined bottom, and corresponding pin;

Fig. 11 shows a backing having a square opening toreceive a square pin; and

Fig. 12 shows a backing having a round opening to receive a round pin.

It is obvious from an examination of the figures that the metallic boxings may be square or round to'receive corresponding pins and that said boxings or sockets may open at either the back of the tooth or at the cervical-border. Preferably they open at the back of the tooth.

' Reference is had to Fig. 1, with the understanding that the description of this figure will apply, ina great measure, to the remainder of the figures of the drawings.

The tooth comprises an artificial body 15, preferably formed with a socket 16 extending inwardly into the tooth from. the back, at a point approximately the center of the back, and terminating in the vicinity of the buccal-cusp. Baked in the socket 16 of the tooth, is a metallic boxing or lining 17, which may be either square or round, as illustrated, said lining opening out of the back of the tooth, as at 18, and having its inner end closed as at 19. When casting the tooth, the lining is built to adapt itself in the interior of the tooth, preferably so that its closed end 19 is in the vicinity of the buccal-cusp, and is shaped so as to present a surface more or less parallel to the nearest outer surface of the tooth, so as to give a maximum depth to the lining without disposing any position of it so near the outer surface of the tooth that it may be seen through the material of the tooth.

2O designates a nail-like pin which has a head 21. The greater portion of the body of the pin is preferably milled, as at 22, to

facilitate in firmly cementing the pin in the lining. The head 21 of the pin has its under surface, as 23, disposed preferably at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the pin, and has its outer face rounded, or otherwise given sufficient bulk, as at 2%, so that it may be gripped by a. pair of tweezers. If the pin is square the necessity of milling its face is minimized on account of the sharp corners of the pin.

Owing to the inclined relation of the socket 16 to the back 25 of the tooth, the degree of inclination given the under surface of the head of the pin 20 should be such that, when the pin is in the socket the under surface of the head should be parallel with the back of the tooth so as to more firmly grip the backing 26, which the backing is intended to retain.

The advantage of the metallic linings in the different teeth is to producesockets of uniform size, so that the teeth may be interchangeable. Appropriate linings may be produced in the different teeth, a wider lining for he molars, a narrower lining for the bicuspids, etc.

The advantage of the pin having a naillike head may be summed up as follows: After the backing 26 has been shaped to the tooth and the pin assembled in position to temporarily secure the backing in place, and the pin and backing held together by wax or otherwise, a pair of tweezers may be used to grip the head of the pin immediately behind the. backing, permitting the operator to remove the backing and pin together, and to solder the head of the pin to the backing and in -exactly the relation they have assumed in the tooth. They may then be secured to the bridge, or other structure which the operator is preparing, and the teeth may be applied over the pins and cemented thereto after the bridge is formed.

In practising this invention the backings and teeth and the pins are made separate. The linings are the only metallic portions which need be of the comparatively expensive metal necessary to withstand the heat of baking. All of a given class of teeth will have practically the same angular relation between-its rear surface and the longitudinal axis of the sockets, so that pins of a given shape will hold the backings in place with considerable accuracy. Possibility of inaccuracy in this point is the principal reason why the pins and backings are made separate. Slight inaccuracies may-be readily rectified in assembling the parts upon the tooth.

As many changes could be made in the above construction and many apparently widely different embodiments of this invention could be made without departing from tne scope thereof, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawing shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

It is also to be understood that the language used in the following claim-is intended to cover all of the generic and speciiic features of the invention herein described and all statements of the scope of the invention, which as a matter of language, might be said to fall therebetween.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

The combination with a'tooth having, a socket formed therein, extending at an acute angle relatively to one face of said tooth, of a lining for said socket, backing positioned upon the mentioned face of the tooth, and a pin extending obliquely through said backing and into the lining in said socket, and having a head disposed at an angle so as to engage flat against the surface of said backing to retain the backing in position upon the tooth.

In testimony whereof l affix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

LEO E. EVSLIN.

lVitnesses:

ROBERT PLOWE, CHAS. N. LA PoR'rE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C.

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