US1218150A

US1218150A - Pneumatic action for self-playing musical instruments.

Info

Publication number: US1218150A
Application number: US85298714A
Authority: US
Inventors: Morris S Wright
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1914-07-25
Filing date: 1914-07-25
Publication date: 1917-03-06
Anticipated expiration: 1934-03-06

Description

M. SFWRIGHT.

PNEUMATIC ACTION FOR SELF PLAYING MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS. APPLICATION FILED IULY 25, I9I4.

1,21 8,1 50. 1 Patented Mar. 6, 1917.

a}. 1 I 4 SHEETS-SHEET 1- if I I as, wot/M 0:

m: "an": runs cc. rnovwumm. nusmncmn. n. c.

Qwuamtoz: I

M. s. WRIGHT.

PNEUMATIC ACTION FOR SELF PLAYING MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS. APPLICATION FILED JULY 25, L9H.

1,218,150. r 1 Patented 11 111917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

M. S. WRIGHT.

PNEUMATIC ACTION FOR SELF PLAYING MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS.

APPLICATION FILED JUL Y25, 1914. 4 I

1 ,21 8,1 50. Patented Mar. 1917.

ii 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

J6 v J2 55 x 33 yfim 48 2 1 f L 6 58 4:9 MI 7 46' 5) 7 avwemtoz: I

M. S. WR IGHT.-

PNEUMATIC ACTION FOR SELF PLAYING MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 25 I914.

Patented Mar. 6,1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4- ERS CO. PNOTO4LHN0. WASNINGION. D C I UNITED STATES PATENT orrion MORRIS S. WEIGHT, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

PNEUMATIC ACTION FOR SELF-PLAYING MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

"Patented. Mar. 6, 1917.

Application filed July 25, 1914. Serial No. 852,987.

positioned on the instrument, and wherein the several parts may be more readily removed bodily from the instrument without the necessity of dismantling the various other parts of the action.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel construction and arrangement of the several parts, comprising the pneumatic action, with a view to reducing the number of parts and otherwise simplifying the construction, rendering the same more compact, reducing the cost of production, and rendering the same highly efiicient and durable in use.

Although various embodiments are with in the contemplation and spirit of the invention, the improvements have to deal, more particularly, with what are classed in the art as metal actions for musical instruments, and among the various features of the invention may be mentioned an improved type of oppositely disposed wind chest parts or headers, and a series of interposed vacuum casings, with novel means for supporting the latter in position whereby the same, with the associated valve and pneumatic mechanism may be bodily removed as desired.

Another improvement of the invention includes a novel construction and arrangement of valve casing, a primary pneumatic, and a motor pneumatic, both of said pneumatics being operatively connected with the valve casing.

Further, the invention includes a new and improved type of vacuum chamber casing, the same being preferably positioned on the side of the valve casing, and underlying the movable wall of the motor pneumatic, for a substantial distance, and afiording a support and abutment for said movable wall in the outward position of the latter.

Again, the invention embodies novel means of connection between the vacuum chamber casing and the valve casing, said connection being of a character to permit of the body removal of the valve chamber casing and connected primary pneumatic from the vacuum "chamber casing.

Another feature of the invention resides in the provision of novel valve construction, permitting the same to be readily adjusted as occasion demands without the necessity of removing any of the parts of the instrument. This is an important characteristic of the invention, since, after the parts are assembled, it often becomes necessary to adjust the various valve parts, and to obtain good results and the proper tone effect, this adjustment must, of necessity, be exceedingly accu ate. The present invention provides a simple means of accomplishing this result in a very efficient manner.

Satill further, the invention embraces a vent chamber casing, of novel construction and means whereby access may be readily had to the interior of the chamber for cleansing purposes, or for application and replacement of vent caps, etc.

Also, the invention includes, in combination, a novel construction and arrangement-of primary pneumatic, motor pneumatic, valve casing, and vacuum chamber casing, operatively connected and associated one with the other, whereby the various parts may be readily detached from the wall of the vacuum chamber casing, for removal and replacement, without removing the vacuum chamber casing from the headers.

Other and further improvements and novel details of the construction and arrangement of parts will be referred to and readily understood from the description to follow when considered. in connection with the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof, and wherein I have disclosed, for the purpose of illustration, a convenient and satisfactoryembodiment of the invention.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a fragmentary front elevation ofmyinvention,

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same;

Fig. 3 is an enlargedsectional view of one of the pneumatic actions;

Fig, 3 is a detail section of one of the 13 fit valve stem sections with the adjusting cap and valve mounted thereon;

Fig. 1 is a section taken on line H of F ig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a plan view of one of the vacuum chamber casings and motor pneumatic, and valve casing positioned on one of the header members, the latter being in section;

Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the same, the header being shown in elevation;

Fig. 7 is a section on line 77 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a section on line 88 of same figure;

Fig. 9 is a detail view of the air conduit;

Figs. 10, 11, 12, 13, 11, 15, and 16 are detail views of valve parts enlarged;

Fig. 17 is a modified construction of valve casing positioned upon the vacuum chamber casing, the parts being shown in vertical section;

Fig. 18 is a cross section of the same;

Fig. 19 is a cross sectional view of another modified construction of valve casing, positioned on the vacuum chamber casing;

Fig. 20 is a vertical section of a slightly modified form of valve casing and vacuum chamber casing, the vacuum chamber casing having an upwardly projecting wall for supporting the motor pneumatic as well as the valve casing, and

Fig. 21 is a transverse section of the same.

With more particular reference to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to corresponding parts throughout the several views, oppositely disposed wind chest parts or headers are provided, the same being substantial duplicates, and a. description of one will suflice for the other.

The said headers are preferably of metal and comprise an elongated vertically extending, tubular casing 1, having horizontally extending tubular branches 1 (see Fig. 1) forming therebetween receiving pockets or spaces 1", for the reception of vacuum chamber casings projecting between the oppositely disposed headers, one in each of the spaces l The uppermost branch 1 of the headers has a forward extension 2 forming a support for a vent chamber casing, extending from header to header, and also to be described hereinafter.

The vertically extending tubular portions 1 of the headers have a removable rear plate 3, thereby affording access to the interior of the tubular member 1 as well as to the interior of the branches 1, for cleansing purposes, etc.

A removable plate 3 is removably secured to the headers at the front thereof whereby to bridge the spaces 1 between the branches of the headers when in position, and whereby to permit of access to the vacuum chamber casings, when it is desired to assemble or remove the latter.

It being understood that a series of vacuum chamber casings are provided, the same being arranged in superimposed relation, and extending from header to header, and supported in the space between the branches 1 of the headers, a description of one of the said vacuum chamber casings will be sufficient. This also applies with regard to the primary pneumatics, valve mechanism, and motor mechanism positioned upon the vacuum chamber casings, it being understood that a series of each of these cooperating parts is positioned on each vacuum chamber casing, with the parts on the respective vacuum chamber casings arranged in staggered relation or out of vertical alinement, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawings.

The vacuum chamber casings comprise a bottom wall 1, a front wall 5, a top wall 6, the latter inclining from its point of connection with the front wall 5 in a downward direction toward the rear thereof and terminating at its rear edge in a flange 7 secured in any desired manner to the bottom wall 4. The vacuum chamber casing is preferably of sheet metal construction, and as previously stated, is of a length to extend from header to header and to accommodate a plurality of pneumatic units.

A combined pneumatic and valve casing is provided in operative association with the vacruun chamber, and is preferably constructed as follows S is a substantially cup-shaped metallic bottom wall of a pneumatic, having about the periphery thereof bendable fingers 9, adapted to be bent over into engagement with the upper surface or top wall 10, of the pneumatic element. 11 is a flexible diaphragm with the edges thereof interposed between the top and

bottom walls

10, and 8, respectively, and 12 is an interposed washer or gasket. Projecting upwardly from the top wall 10 and preferably an integral extension thereof, is a substantially cylindrical valve section 13, having an annular inwardly projecting top flange 14., upon which is positioned a substantially cylindrical valve section 15 having an inwardly projecting annular flange 16, of a size to be bent over the edge of the flange 11, of the lower valve section, and overlie the under surface of'said flange whereby to interlock the

valve sections

13 and 15. The valve casing, made up of the sections above described, is adapted to be connected to the side wall of the vacuum chamber, and in order that these parts may be firmly supported in position on the vacuum chamber casing, a. portion of the side wall of the valve casing section 13 is preferably flattened as indicated at 17. This flat surface affords an extended hearing to engage the flat surface of the front wall 5 of the vacuum chamber, and in order to removably secure these parts together, I preferably provide a metallic strap member 18, curved to project about the wall of the easing 18, and terminating in offset feet 19, parallel to the front wall 5 of the vacuum chamber. 20 are bolts secured to and projecting forwardly from the front wall 5 and adapted to be engaged by threaded nuts, the heads 21 of which are adapted to overlie the offset feet 19, as illustrated, more particularly in Fig. 8, and the reduced terminals 22 of which have a slotted-way to be engaged by a screw driver or the like, to the end that when the bolts are applied, they will serve to engage the feet 19 of the straps 1S, and thereby maintain the valve casing in air tight engagement with the wall of the vacuum chamber. The front wall 5 of the vacuum chamber casing and the adjacent wall 17 of the valve chamber have communicating openings, as illustrated at 23, and if desired, a leather or other suitable packing 24 may be interposed between the valve casing, and the adjacent wall of the vacuum chamber casing, it being understood in this connection, of course, that said yieldable packing has an aperture in registration with the apertures 23 just referred to.

The valve mechanism includes a valve rod the same engaging a cushion, as of felt, 26, secured to a disk, of leather, 27, pasted or otherwise secured to the diaphragm 11. The valve rod 25 has secured to the upper end thereof a valve disk 28 adapted to seat upon a felt or other packing, 29, positioned on the inwardly projecting flange 16 at the lower end of the upper valve sectioru Overlving the valve disk 28 is the head 30, of the rod 25, forming a support for an adjustable rod 31. which may be termed an extension of the valve rod. The extension 31 is preferably threaded to the member 30, and has a flattened head 82. Positioned on the extension 31 is a valve member, preferably comprising a metallic disk 33 having an offset extended central portion 34 having opposed flattened walls to receive therebetween the flattened head 32 of the member 31. ,The disk 33 has a loose or floating engagement with the head 32 of the valve stem, whereby to readily engage its seat. Sleeved upon the extension 34. to engage the disk part 83 is a suitable disk, as of leather, 35, and positioned upon said leather disk is a disk, as of felt. 36, adapted to contact with an inwardly and downwardlv projecting flange or valve seat, 37, of a cap member 38, having a peripheral flange 39 to overlie the upper edge of the valve section 15. Interposed between the upper edge of the valve section 15 and the inner surface of the cap member 38 is a suitable packing as felt, 40. The disk shaped

members

28 and 35 preferably have about the periphery thereof extensions 28 and 85 respectively, as illustrated more particularly "in Figs. 13 and 14, whereby to loosely engage the inner surface of the valve casing and form guides for the valve memhere, in their sliding movement, and, to, at the same time, form between the guide extensions, air passages.

The time element in the closing of the valves is an essential consideration, and it is of the utmost importance that the same be of a character to permit of ready and accurate" adjustment, and that this may be accomplished after the parts are assembled in the instrument without the necessity of dismantling any of the valve parts. It will be seen that by imparting a rotary movement to the member 84, which is exterior of the valve casing the rod'81 is rotated to the end that the upper and lower valve members may be relatively adjusted, as desired, in an accurate manner, and without removing any of the parts of the valve construction.

A suitable vent chamber preferably takes the form of a metallic tubular casing 44 of I a length to extend from header to header, and being removably positioned upon, and secured to the forward extensions 2 of the topmost branches 1 of saidheaders. The adjacent walls of said extensions and vent chamber have connecting openings 44 and an interposed packing of suitable material 45 may be provided. The bottom wall of said vent chamber is provided with a series of openings 44 spaced longitudinally throughout the same and adapted for connection one with each of the primary pneumatics, the said pneumatics of the respective vacuum chamber casings being laterally spaced from one another. A tubular conduit 46, preferably of metal, projects outwardly and upwardly from the bottom wall of the primary pneninatics, and a similar tubular conduit 47 projects downwardly from the vent chamber, the conduit 47 being relatively short whereby to offer no obstruction to the removability of the vacuum chamber casings with their associated parts, as will presently appear. A convenient form of coupling member preferably comprises a tube or sleeve, 48, overlying the adjacent ends of the

conduits

46 and 47, the sleeve being preferably formed of metal and having a yieldable lining, as rubber, 49, whereby to frictionally engage the walls of said conduits. To take up for slight variation in the size of the tubes, I preferably provide annular beads 49 adjacent opposite ends of the sleeve 48, which form internal the vent chamber casing has a series of openings one for each conduit and in registration therewith. A closure for said openings conveniently comprises a block or plate 52, and an attached packing member 53, the plate preferably extending from end to end of the vent chamber, and removably secured to the top wall thereof as by swinging arms 54, rotatably supported at 55 to the frame work or casing X. The arms 54: are conveniently bowed, as illustrated, whereby in the swinging movement thereof to .engage over a bow spring arm 56 secured at one end 5'? to the closure block and having a pin and slot engagement 58*- at its opposite end to permit of yieldable movement. This closure affords an air tight seal for the vent chamber.

The secondary or motor pneumatic is preferably also detachably mounted upon the valve casing, the same having an upper stationary wall 58 having an inclined bottom surface 59 to the rear end of which is pivoted, at 60, a lower movable wall 61 hav ing connected thereto in any desired manner, abracket 62 for connection with a strike bar member of any of the approved types.

The walls 58 and G1 are connected one to the other at the sides and free end by flexible folds 63, and the inclined upper surface 6 of the vacuum chamber extending a substantial distance over the bottom wall 61 of the motor pneumatic provides means for limiting the downward movement of the lower wall of the pneumatic, thereby protecting the pivotal connection, and, at the same time, affording a substantial support or rest for the latter in its lower position. Likewise, this relative arrangement and close association of vacuum chamber casing and motor pneumatic serve to render the device more compact.

The end of the wall 58 has a curved or segmental part 61- adapted to fit about the periphery of the valve casing 15, and mount ed upon said curved portion of the wall is a suitable packing, as of leather, 65. A metallic strap 66 engaging about the periphery of the valve casing has offset feet (37, adapted to connect with that portion of the end of the wall 58, at opposite sides of the curved portion. Suitable screws 68 projecting through the feet 67 and engaging the ends of the wall 58, serve to retain the motor pneumatic in position, and if desired,

vertically extending anchoring bars 69, conveniently of brass, may be positioned in the wall 58 to be engaged by the ends of the screws 68 to thereby more firmly hold the parts in position. The side of the valve casing 15 has a suitable opening 70, adapted to communicate with an opening 70 in the end of the wall 58 of the motor pneumatic, which opening leads to the chamber formed between the

walls

58 and 61 at a point intermediate the ends of the walls 58.

As previously stated, the vacuum chamber casings are supported between the branches 1 of the headers, the lower wall of the vacuum chamber casing being provided with an opening 70 communicating with an opening 70 in the abutting upper wall of said header branches. An interposed packing 71 is interposed between the said abutting walls. The lower wall of said header branches is preferably inclined as illustrated at 1 and engaging plates 72 are secured to the upper wall of the vacuum chamber casing at a point below said inclined surface, and said plates preferably incline in an opposite direction to the inclined surface of the header branches. Suitable wedge blocks as of metal 73 with oppositely inclined surfaces engage between the said inclined surfaces of the vacuum casing and header branch, one side of the wedge block having a transverse engaging rib H adapted to firmly engage the wall of the header branch and to permit ready removal of the wedge block when drawn outwardly. To prevent accidental removal of the wedge blocks, adjustable abutment screws 75 are provided, the same being adapted to engage the plate 3 when the latter is in place.

The construction of the apparatus is believed to be clear to those skilled in the art from the above description, and accompanying drawings, it being understood that minor changes may be made in details of construction and arrangement of parts without departing from the spirit or principle of operation of the invention.

The operation of the apparatus may be reviewed as follows As the perforations of the music sheet pass over the usual channels in the tracker bar the vacuum below the diaphragm 11 of the primary pneumatic is relieved, and the diaphragm elevated, so as to unseat the lower valve member, and at the same time seat the upper valve member to the end that direct communication is established between the vacuum chamber and motor pneumatic through the passageway afforded by the channels between the projections 28 of said lower valve member. This will tend to immediately collapse the motor pneumatic and cause the striker bar to actuate the key. In the continued movement of the music sheet the vacuum below the diaphragm will he restored, thereby imparting a reverse movement to the valve, the lower valve being seated, and the upper valve unseated, whereby to establish communication between the motor pneumatic and the outside through the channels between the projections of the upper valve member. This will cause the movable wall 61 of the mot-or pneumatic to move downwardly into contact with the support provided by the upper wall of the vacuum chamber 'casin".

Should it be desired to remove the primary pneumatic attachment, the bendable fingers 9 are disengaged from the wall 10, and the tubing 16 separated from the tubing 47 by a sliding movement of the coupling sleeve 48. Should it be desired to remove the valve casing together with the connected pneumatics, this may be readily accom plished by releasing the retaining strap or band 18, as previously described. Also the motor pneumatic may be readily separated without detachment of any of the other parts by releasing the retaining band 66. The valve parts may be readily removed from the casing .without separation of the latter from its attaching parts, by removing the cap 38. Also the valve members proper may be readily adjusted from without the valve casing by engaging the part 34: of the upper valve member and imparting rotary movement thereto, which, according to the direction of rotation, will lengthwise adjust the valve rod at a point intermediate the upper and lower valve members, to

separate or bring the valve disks toward each other.

Access may be readlly had to the 1nter1or of the vent chamber casing, by removing Cir the closure member, 52, and in this'way the interior of the chamber may be cleansed, the vent caps removed and replaced, as desired, etc.

Should it be desired to detach the vac uum chamber casings, this is accomplished by removing the front plate 3 of the headers, and then releasing the wedge blocks 73, when the vacuum chamber casings may he bodily removed from their supports on the header branches 1 With more particular reference to Figs. 17 and 18, it will be seen that the primary pneumatic A is of substantially the same construction as the primary pneumatic of the views previously described, whereas the valve casing B is substantially rectangular in cross section being conveniently an integral extension of the top wall C of the primary pneumatic. In this construction the valve parts are constructed as before, but the valve casing is preferably of a single part, and the seat for the lowermost valve is conveniently provided by a flanged abutment D, soldered or otherwise secured to the wall of the valve casing intermediate its ends. The rectangular formation of valve casing affords a flat side to abut against the side wall of the diaphragm casing, E, and the valve casing is conveniently secured in place, as by a strap F, projecting around the valve casing and having offset feet G, secured as by screws H to said vacuum chamber casing.

The projections I on the valve disk which constitute guides are preferably arranged, as illustrated in Fig. 18, whereby they may engage the corners of the casing. In this embodiment of my invention, the straps for securing the motor pneumatic would be the same as in the previously described construction, with the exception that the same would be substantially U-shaped rather than curved.

In Fig. 19 I have also illustrated a modified construction of valve casing, the parts being similar to the construction illustrated in Fig. 3, with the exception that instead of forming the round tubular valve casing with a flattened side to engage the flat side of the vacuum chamber casing, the tubular valve casing is provided on its rear side with standards or legs J, having flat surfaces to engage the vacuum chamber casing, and be held in place as by screws K.

Conveniently, a packing L is interposed between the legs J and the adjacent wall of the vacuum chamber casing M.

A further embodiment of the invention is illustrated in Fig. 20, and in this construction, the vacuum chamber casing N has secured thereto a wall 0, projecting upwardly' above the vacuum chamber casing. This wall 0 is utilized as a support for the motor pneumatic P, the same being removably secured preferably by screws Q. The valve casing, in this embodiment of the invention, is preferably of substantially the same construction as the valve casing illustrated in Figs. 17 and 18, but in this embodiment of the invention, it will be appreciated that the securing straps, as previously illustrated, for passing around the valve casing and supporting the pneumatic thereto may be dispensed with.

A securing strap R, however, is utilized for supporting the valve casing to the vacuum chamber casing, as by screws S. In each of the modified embodiments of the invention, above illustrated, it will be appreciated that the valve casing communicates through its side with the abutting side wall of the vacuum chamber casing, and it will also be seen that the valve casing with the primary pneumatic may be readily removed from both the vacuum chamber casing and the motor pneumatic, as desired, should it be necessary to bodily detach any of. these parts.

In the claims, wherein I refer to valve disks or similar term, the same is used in a broad sense as applying to the cooperating valves in the valve casing, whether these disks are of solid integral construction or made up of a plurality of parts such as yieldable packings, reinforcing metal backings, etc, and also wherein I refer to the valve rod, this term is not to be construed in a limited sense in that one or both of the valve rod sections 25 and 31 may be included by this term.

1. In a pneumatic'action for musical instruments, the combination of oppositely disposed metallic hollow headers having horizontally disposed tubular branches, of metallic vacuum chamber casings projecting between the headers with the ends thereof supported between adjacent branches of the headers, a primary pneumatic and valve casing supported on such vacuum chamber casing, and said vacuum chamber casings with the supported primarypneumatic and valve casing being bodily removable from the headers.

2. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of oppositely disposed metallic hollow headers having horizontally disposed tubular branches, of metallic vacuum chamber casings projecting between the headers with the ends thereof supported between adjacent branches of the headers, a valve casing supported upon the vacuum chamber casing, a primary pneumatic, and a motor pneumatic operatively associated with said valve casing and means for removably retaining said vacuum chamber casing in place whereby the same, with the valve casing and pneumatics, may be bodily removed from the headers.

3. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of oppositely disposed metallic hollow headers having horizontally disposed tubular branches, of metallic vacuum chamber casings projecting between the headers with the ends thereof sup ported between adjacent branches of the headers, and means for retaining the vacuum chamber casing in place comprising a retaining block interposed between the vacuum chamber casing and the adjacent wall of one of said branches.

I. In a pneumatic action for musical in struments, the combination of oppositely disposed metallic hollow headers having horizontally disposed tubular branches, of metallic vacuum chamber casings projecting between the headers with the ends thereof supported between adjacent branches of the headers, and means for retaining the vacuum chamber casing in place comprising a retaining wedge shaped block interposed between the vacuum chamber casing and the adjacent wall of one of said branches.

In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of oppositely disposed metallic hollow headers having horizontally disposed tubular branches, of metallic vacuum chamber casin s projecting between the headers with the ends thereof supported between adjacent branches of the headers, and means for retaining the vacuum chamber casing in lace comprising a wedge shaped block interposed between one side of the vacuum chamber and the adjacent side of one of the header branches, the said sides being inclined in opposite directions.

6. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of oppositely disposed metallic hollow headers having horizontally disposed tubular branches, of metallic vacuum chamber casings projecting between the headers With the ends thereof supported between adjacent branches of the headers, a metallic valve casing supported upon the vacuum chamber casing, a primary pneumatic carried by the valve casing, the. said primary pneumatic and valve casing being removable from the vacuum chamber casing and the vacuum chamber casing with the primary pneumatic and valve casing being removable from the headers.

7. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of oppositely disposed metallic hollow headers having horizontally disposed tubular branches, of metallic vacuum chamber casings projecting between the. headers with the ends thereof supported between adjacent branches of the headers, a valve casing supported upon the vacuum chamber casing, a primary pneumatic operatively associated with the 'alvo casing, a motor pneumatic operatively associated with the valve casing, the vacuum chamber casing with said pneumatics and valve casing being removable together from the headers.

S. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of oppositely disposed metallic hollow headers having horizontally disposed tubular branches, of metallic vacuum chamber casings projecting between the headers with the ends thereof supported between adjacent branches of the headers, a valve casing supported upon the vacuum chamber casing, a primary pnehmatic operatively associated with the valve casing, a motor pneumatic operatively associated with the valve casing, the vacuum chamber casing with said pneumatics and valve casing being removable together from the headers, and said pneumatics and valve casing being themselves removable from one another.

9. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of oppositely disposed hollow headers having horizontally disposed tubular branches, of vacuum chamber casings projecting between the headers with the ends thereof supported between adjacent branches of the headers, a primary pneumatic and valve casing supported on such vacuum chamber casing, and said vacuum chamber casings with the supported primary pneumatic and valve casing being bodily removable from the headers.

10. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of oppositely dis posed hollow headers having horizontally disposed tubular branches, of vacuum chamber casings projecting between the headers with the ends thereof supported between adj acent branches of the headers, a valve cas ing supported upon the vacuum chamber casing, a primary pneumatic operatively associated with the valve casing, a motor pneumatic operatively associated with the valve casing, the vacuum chamber casing with said pneumatics and valve casing being removable together from the headers, and said pneumatics and valve casing being removable from the vacuum chamber casing.

11. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of an elongated vertically disposed header having horizontally disposed branches, of a vacuum chamber casing, arranged between said branches and resting upon the wall of one of said branches, and retaining means interposed be tween said vacuum chamber casing and the wall of another of said branches.

12. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of an elongated vertically disposed header having horizontally disposed branches, of a vacuum chamber casing arranged between said branchesand resting upon the wall of one of said branches, and retaining means interposed between said vacuum chamber casing and the wall of another of said branches, said branches being separated from one another by an unobstructed space at the front ends thereof whereby to permit the vacuum chamber casing to be bodily removed from the front of the header.

13. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of an elongated vertically disposed header having horizontally disposed branches, of a vacuum chamber casing, arranged between said branches and resting upon the wall of one of said branches, and retaining means interposed between said vacuum chamber casing and the wall of another of said branches, and valve and pneumatic mechanism mounted upon the vacuum chamber casing.

14L. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of an elongated Vertically extending tubular header having horizontally extending branches, of avacuum chamber casing arranged between said branches, said casing being adapted to rest upon a lower branch, and a retaining wedge interposed between the adjacent upper branch and said vacuum chambercasing, the said branches being separated from one another by a substantially unobstructed space at the front of the header to permit the vacuum chamber casing to be removed, a housing plate bridging the space between the branches of the header at the front thereof, and an abutment member on said wedge block adapted to engage said plate to retain the wedge block in place.

' 15. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of an elongated vertically disposed header having horizontally disposed branches, of a vacuum chamber casing, arranged between said branches and resting upon the wall of one of said branches, retaining means interposed between said vacuum chamber casing and the wall of another of said branches, a primary pneumatic and valve mechanism operatively connected with the vacuum chamber casing, a vent chamber casing, a conduit establishing communication between the primary pneir matic and vent chamber casing, said vent chamber being in communication with one of the branches of the header, and a removable wall for the vent chamber casing permitting access to said conduit.

16. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of an elongated vertically disposed header having horizontally disposed branches, of a vacuum chamber casing arranged between said branches and resting upon the wall of one of said branches, retaining means interposed between said vacuum chamber casing and the wall of another of said branches, a primary pneumatic and valve mechanism operatively connected with the Vacuum chamber casing, a vent chamber casing, a conduit establishing communication between the primary pneumatic and vent chamber casing, said vent chamber casing being in communication with one of the branches of the header, a connection between said conduit and the tracker board, one wall of said vent chamber casing having an opening in registration with said conduit, and a removable closure for said opening.

17. In a device of the character described, the combination of a horizontally disposed vacuum chamber casing, a vertically disposed valve casing communicating therewith, a horizontally disposed motor pneumatic operatively associated with the latter, the motor pneumatic having a lower movable wall and the upper wall of the vacuum chamber casing inclining downwardly toward the outer end of the movable pneumatic wall whereby to constitute an abutment and support for said movable wall when the latter is in expanded position, a header having horizontally disposed superimposed branches extending transversely relative to the vacuum chamber casing, one at each side thereof, one of said branches being in communication with said vacuum chamber casing, and supporting means interposed between said vacuum chamber casing and the other branch of the header.

18. In a device of the character described, the combination of a horizontally disposed vacuum chamber casing, a vertically disposed valve casing communicating therewith,

a horizontally disposed motor pneumatic operatively associated with the latter, the motor pneumatic having a lower movable wall and the upper wall of the vacuum chamber casing inclining downwardly toward the outer end of the movable pneumatic wall whereby to constitute an abutment and support for said movable wall when the latter is in expanded position, a header having tubular branches, said branches being in communication with said vacuum chamber casing, and supporting means interposed between said vacuum chamber casing and one of the branches of the header, an air vent chamber casing supported upon one of said branches and in communication therewith, and a primary pneumatic operatively associated with the vacuum chamber casing and having communication with the air vent chamber.

19. In a device of the character described, the combination of a horizontally disposed vacuum chamber casing, a vertically disposed valve casing communicating therewith, a horizontally disposed motor pneumatic operatively associated with the latter, the motor pneumatic having a lower movable wall and the upper wall of the vacuum chamber casing inclining downwardly toward the outer end of the movable pneumatic wall whereby to constitute an abutment and support for said movable wall when the latter is in expanded position, a header having horizontally disposed branches in communication with the headers, one of said branches being in communication with said vacuum chamber casing, and supporting means interposed between said vacuum chamber casing and the other branch, an air vent chamber casing supported upon one of said branches and in communication therewith, a primary pneumatic operatively associated with the vacuum chamber casing and having communication with the air vent chamber, and a removable cover for said vent chamber casing.

'20. In a device of the character described, the combination of a horizontally disposed vacuum chamber casing, a vertically disposed valve casing communicating therewith, a horizontally disposed motor pneumatic operatively associated with the latter, the motor pneumatic having a lower movable wall and the upper wall of the vacuum chamber casing inclining downwardly toward the outer end of the movable pneumatic wall whereby to constitute an abutment and support for said movable wall when the latter is in expanded position, a header having horizontally disposed tubular branches extending transversely relative to the vacuum chamber casing at each side thereof, one of said branches being in communication with the vacuum chamber casing and constituting a rest for said casing, and a wedge shaped block interposed between the opposite side of said vacuum chamber casing and the other of said tubular branches.

21. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of a header having a series of horizontally disposed tubular branches arranged in spaced horizontal relation, a horizontally extending vacuum chamber casing arranged between each adj acent pair of branches and supported therefrom, a 'alve casing and primary pneumatic positioned upon each vacuum chamber casing at the side thereof, and a motor pneumatic secured to each valve casing and overlying the adj acent vacuum chamber casing.

22. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of a header having a series of horizontally disposed tubular branches arranged in spaced horizontal relation, a horizontally extending vacuum chamber casing arranged between each adjacent pair of tubular branches and supported therefrom, a valve casing and primary pneumatic positionedupon each vacmun chamber casing at the side thereof, and a motor pneumatic secured to each 'alve casing and having a movable wall overlying the adjacent vacuum chamber casing, the superimposed valve and pneuinatic mechanism of each vacuum chamber casing being arranged out of vertical alinement.

23. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of a plurality of horizontally disposed tubular supports arranged in spaced vertical relation, a horizontally extending vacuum chamber casing arranged between the supports, a valve casing and primary pneumatic positioned upon the vacuum chamber casing at the side thereof, and a motor pneumatic secured to said valve casing and having a movable wall overlying the vacuum chamber casing, an elongated horizontally disposed vent chamber casing arranged above and extending substantially parallel to the vacuum chamber casing, a conduit extending from the primary pneumatic to the vent chamber casing and communicating with the interior through one wall thereof. an opposite wall of the vent chamber casing having an opening therein in registration with the end of the conduit leading from the pri mary pneumatic to the vent chamber, and a removable cover plate adapted to be positioned on said open wall.

2a. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of a header, a series of horizontally disposed tubular casings in communication therewith and arranged in spaced horizontal relation, a horizontally extending vacuum chamber casing arranged between each adjacent pair of air casings and supported therefrom, a valve casing and primary pneumatic positioned upon each vacuum chamber casing at the side thereof, and a motor pneumatic secured to each valve casing and overlying the adjacent vacuum chamber casing, an elongated horizontally disposed vent chamber easing arranged above and extending substantially parallel to the vacuum chamber casings, conduits extending from each primary pneumatic to the vent chamber casing and communicating with the interior through one wall thereof, an opposite wall of the vent chamber casing having a series of openings one for each of said conduits and in line therewith, a plate adapted to cover all of said openings, and hand releasable retaining means for said plate.

25. In a pneui'natic action, a horizontally disposed vent chamber casing having in its top and bottom walls a series of openings, those in the top wall being substantially in line with those in the bottom Wall, a series of primary pneumatics, tubular conduits extending from said pneumatics, and communicating at the opposite end one with each of the bottom openings of the vent chambercasing, and a cover overlying the top wall of the vent chamber casing.

26. In a pneumatic action, a horizontally disposed vent chamber casing having in its top and bottom walls a series of openings, those in the top wall being in substantial vertical alinemcnt with those in the bottom wall, a series of primary pneumatics, tubular conduits extending from said pneumatics, and communicating at the opposite end one with each of the bottom openings of the vent chamber casing, vent caps fitted to the opening of the bottom of the vent chamber casing, a removable cover for that wall of the vent chamber casing having the opening, and a movable arm adapted to engage said cover and force the same in air tight engagement with the wall of the vent chamber casing. I

'27. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of a horizontally disposed vacuum chamber casing, a valve casing and pneumatic mechanism operatively connected thereto, and supporting means for said vacuum chamber casing comprising a vertically disposed tubular header, horizontal tubular extensions from said header, one at each side of the vacuum chambercasing, the vacuum chamber casing and one of said tubular extensions having registering openings, and removable means for maintaining said vacuum chamber casing in place between said tubular extensions.

In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of a horizontally disposed, vacuum chamber casing, a valve casing and pneumatic mechanism operatively connected thereto, and supporting means for said vacuum chamber casing comprising a vertically disposed tubular header, horizontal tubular extensions header, one at each side of the vacuum chamber casing, the vacuum chamber casing and one of said tubular extensions having regis tering openings, removable means for maintain ng said casing in pla e bet een said from said i tubular extensions, comprising a metallic Wedge shaped block interposed between one wall of the vacuum chamber casing and the adjacent wall of the header branch.

29. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of a horizontally disposed vacuum chamber casing, a valve casing and pneumatic mechanism operatively connected thereto, and supporting means for said vacuum chamber casing comprising a vertically disposed tubular header, horizontal tubular extensions from said header, one at each side of the vacuum chamber casing, the vacuum chamber casing and one of said tubular extensions having regisstruments, the combination of oppositely disposed hollow headers having horizontally disposed tubular branches, vacuum chamber casings projecting between the headers with the ends thereof supported between adjacent branches of the headers, and a primary pneumatic and valve casing supported upon each vacuum chamber casing.

81. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of oppositely disposed vertically arranged'hollo-w headers having horizontally disposed tubular branches, vacuum chamber casings projecting between the headers with the ends thereof sup ported upon the branches of the headers and in communication therewith, a valve casing supported upon the vacuum chamber casmg, a primary pneumatic, and a motor pneumatic, both of said p'neumatics being operatlvely associated with the valve casing, and means for removably retaining said vacuum chamber casing in place.

32. In a pneumatic musical instrument, the combination of a pneumatic element, a casing, and means for establishing communication betwecn the pneumatic element and casing comprising a tubular conduit connected with the casing, a tubular'conduit connected with the pneumatic, a flexible sleeve bridging the space between the conchute and overlying the wall of each conduit, and a rigid sleeve overlying the flexible sleeve and of a length to extend over both conduits, and said rigid sleeve having a spaced internal annular projection to force the flexible sleeve in holding engagement with said conduits.

33.111 a. pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of oppositely disposed vertically arranged hollow headers having horizontally disposed tubular branches, vacuum chamber casings projecting between the headers with the ends thereof supported upon the branches of the head ers, and means for removably retaining each vacuum chamber casing in place.

3+. In a pneumatic action, the combination of a valve casing, a pneumatic element operatively associated therewith, an air chamber casing, a conduit leading from the pneumatic element, a conduit leading from the air casing, means for connecting said conduits comprising a tube of rigid material sleeved upon the respective conduits at their adjacent ends, and annular beads adjacent opposite ends of the said tube forming internal projections.

35. In a pneumatic action, the combination of a valve casing, a pneumatic element operativcly associated therewith, an air chamber casing, a conduit leading from the pneumatic element, a conduit leading from the air casing, means for connecting said conduits comprising a tube of rigid material sleeved upon the respective conduits at their adjacent ends, and annular beads adjacent opposite ends of the said tube forming internal projections, and a yieldable lining for said tube extending substantially from end to end, and adapted to be forced inwardly at separated points by said beads.

36. In a device of the character described, the combination of a horizontally disposed vacuum chamber casing having a flat side wall, a vertically disposed sheet metal valve casing, said casing being substantially cylindrical in cross section, and means for securing said valve casing to said fiat side of the vacuum chamber casing, whereby to prevent twisting or turning action of the valve casing relative to the vacuum chamber casing, said means including a flattened portion at one side of the cylindrical metallic wall to abut against the flattened edge portion of the vacuum chamber casing, and retaining means operatively connected with said valve casing and vacuum chamber casing.

37. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of oppositely disposed vertically arranged hollow headers having horizontally extending tubular branches, of a vacuum chamber casing projecting between the headers, and between the branches, said vacuum chamber casing having in one surface an opening adapted to register with an opening in one of said branches, and retaining means interposed between the opposite surface of said vacuum chamber casing and another branch of the header.

38. In a device of the character described,

the combination of a metallic valve casing having a substantially cylindrical vertical wall with a flattened surface, a pneumatic operatively associated withthe valve casing, a horizontally disposed vacuum chamber casing arranged at the side of the valve casing and having a vertical side wall in contact with the flattened surface of the valve casing, the abutting portions of the casings having registering openings, a yieldable washer interposed between said abutting surfaces, and a retaining band projecting around the substantially cylindrical portion of the vertical wall of the valve casing and having a detachable engagement with the vacuum chamber casing.

39. In a device of the character described, the combination of an elongated metallic vacuum chamber casing, a metallic valve casing, said valve casing being substantially cylindrical, and means for detachably securing the same to one wall of the vacuum chamber casing comprising a curved band extending around the valve casing, and adapted at its free ends to be connected with the said wall of the vacuum chamber casing.

10. In a device of the character described, the combination of a horizontally disposed vacuum chamber casing having a vertical wall, a vertically disposed metallic valve casing, and means for securing the valve casing to the vertical wall of the vacuum chamber casing comprising a curved band on the valve casing, said band having offset feet to engage the vertical wall of the vacuum chamber casing, and releasable securing means for said feet.

41. In a device of the character described, a horizontally disposed vacuum chamber casing having a vertical substantially fiat wall, a. vertically disposed substantially cylindrical valve casing having a flattened side portion to engage said back wall of the vacuum chamber casing, the two casings having communicating openings, and means for securing the casings together comprising a band projecting around the wall of the valve casing and contacting with the wall of the vacuum chamber casing, and means for securing the ends of the band to the vacuum chamber casing, whereby the valve casing may be independently removed from the vacuum chamber casing at will.

42. In a device of the character described, a horizontally disposed vacuum chamber casing having a vertical substantially flat back wall, a vertically disposed substantially cylindrical valve casing having a flat-- tened side portion adjacent its base to engage said back wall of the vacuum chamber casing, the two casings having communicating openings and means for securing the casings together comprising a band projecting around the Wall of the valve casing, means for securing the ends of the band to the vacuum chamber casing, and a horizontally disposed pneumatic element supported upon the upper end of the valve casin 43. In a device of the character described, a horizontally disposed vacuum chamber casing having a vertical substantially flat back wall, a vertically disposed substantially cylindrical valve casing having a flattened side portion adjacent the lower end thereof to engage said back wall of the vacuum chamber casing, the two casings having communicating openings, and means for securing the casings together comprising a band projecting'around the wall of the valve casing and means for-securing the ends of the band. to the vacuum chamber casing, a horizontally disposed pneumatic element supported upon the valve casing above the vacuum chamber casing, and a motor pneumatic sup ported from said valve casing above the vacuum chamber casing.

a l. In a device of the character described, the combination of a vertically disposed valve casing having an opening intermediate its ends, a horizontally disposed vacuum chamber casing having a rear side opening adapted to register with the opening in the valve casing, and means for securing the valve casing to said rear side of the vacuum chamber casing, a primary pneumatic and a motor pneumatic supported on the valve casing, the said valve casing and the said pneumatics being independently detachable from the vacuum casing.

45. In a device of the character described, the combination of a vertically disposed valve casing, a pneumatic supported thereon, the valve casing having an opening intermediate its ends, a horizontally disposed vacuum chamber casing having an opening communicating with the opening in the valve casing, and means for detachably connecting the valve casing to the vacuum chamber casing, comprising threaded bolts projecting from the wall of the v vacuum chamber casing, nuts threaded to said bolts and having retaining caps, and means associated with the valve casing adapted to be engaged by the retaining caps of the nuts.

4-6. In a device of the character described, the combination of a diaphragm pneumatic element having a bottom wall and a top wall, said top wall having a metallic tubular proj ecti on forming a casing section, the outer end of said projection having an inwardly extending annular flange, a cooperating metallic tubular valve casing section having at its lower end an inwardly projecting annular flange adapted to rest upon the first mentioned flange, and having an interlocking engagement therewith, said flanges forming a valve seat, a cap for the outer end of the cooperating valve casing section having a valve seat, a diaphragm in the pneumatic chamber, a valve rod actuated thereby, and valves on the rod to alternately engage said valve seats.

47. In a device of the character described, the combination of a pneumatic element having a bottom wall and a top wall, said top wall having a metallic tubular projection forming a valve casing section, the outer end of said projection having an inwardly extending annular flange, a coopegting metallic tubular valve casing section having at its inner end an inwardly projecting annular flange adapted to rest upon the first mentioned flange and having an interlocking on gagement therewith, said flanges forming a valve seat, a vacuum chamber casing in com munication with the first mentioned valve casing section, and a motor pneumatic in communication with the cooperating valve casing section.

48. In a device of the character described, the combination of a pneumatic element having a bottom wall and a top wall, said top wall having a metallic tubular projection forming a valve casing section, the outer end or" said projection having an inwardly extending annular flange, a cooperating metallie tubular valve casing section having at its inner end an inwardly projecting annular flange adapted to rest upon the first mentioned flange and having an interlocking engagement therewith, said flanges forming a valve seat, a vacuum chamber casing, means for connecting the same directly to the first mentioned valve casing section, a motor pneumatic and means for connecting the same directly to the cooperating valve casing section.

49. In a device of the character described, the combination of a pneumatic element having a bottom wall, and a top wall, said top wall having a metallic tubular projection forming a valve casing section, the outer end of said projection having an inwardly tending annular flange, a cooperating metallic tubular valve casing section having at its inner end an inwardly projecting annular flange adapted to rest upon the first mentioned flange and having an interlocking engagement therewith, said flanges forming a valve seat, a vacuum chamber casing, means for detachably connecting the same directly to the side wall of the first mentioned valve casing section, a motor pneumatic, and means for detachably connecting the samedirectly to the side wall of the cooperating valve casing section.

50. In a device of the character described, the combination of a valve casing having a tubular wall and spaced valve seats, a pneumatic operatively associated with the valve casing, the valve casing having an opening intermediate its ends whereby to establish communication with said pneumatic, and end openings, and a reciprocating valve in the valve casing adapted to alternately engage said seats whereby to alternately establish-communication between the pneumatic and said end openings, said valve being of less diameter than that of the valve chamber and having separated guide projections thereon to contact with the tubular wall of the valve casing.

51. In a device of the character described, the combination of a valve casing having a tubular wall and spaced valve seats, a pneumatic operatively associated with the valve casing, the valve casing having an opening intermediate its ends whereby to establish communication with said pneumatic, and end openings, a pneumatically controlled reciprocating valve rod in the valve casing, separated valve disks on the rod to alternately engage the valve seats, said disks being of less diameter than that of the valve casing, and having an annular series of spaced extensions forming guides in engage ment with the wall of said valve casing.

In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of oppositely disposed hollow headers having horizontally disposed tubular branches, of vacuum chamber casings projecting between the headers with the ends thereof supported between adj acent branches of the headers, said vacuum chamber casings being in communication with one of said branches, and a detachable retaining means interposed between said vacuum chamber casings and another of said branches.

53. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of oppositely disposed vertically extending hollow headers having horizontally disposed branches, of vacuum chamber casings, projecting between the headers with the ends thereof supported between adjacent branches of the headers, and a wedge-shaped block interposed between one wall of the vacuum chamber casings and one of said branches to maintain the vacuum chamber casings in contact with another of said branches.

5i. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of oppositely disposed hollow headers arranged vertically and having horizontally disposed tubular branches, of vacuum chamber casings projecting between the headers with the ends thereof supported between adjacent branches of the headers, a metallic valve casing supported upon each vacuum chamber casing, a primary pneumatic carried by the valve casing, and means for detachably supporting the vacuum chamber casing in place.

In a pneumatic action for musical iiistruments, the combination of oppositely disposed metallic hollow headers arranged vertically and having horizontally disposed tubular branches, of a vacuum chamber casing projecting between the headers with the ends thereof supported between adjacent branches of the headers, and in communication with one of said branches, a valve casing removably supported upon the vacuum chamber casing, a primary pneumatic operatively associated with the valve casing, and a motor pneumatic detachahly supported upon the valve casing.

56. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of an elongated vertically extending tubular header having horizontally extending branches, of a vacuum chamber casing arranged between said branches, the said branches being separated from one another by a substantially unobstructed space at the front of the header to permit the vacuum chamber casing to be removed, means for removably supporting said vacuum chamber asing in place, and a movable housing plate bridging the space between the branches of the header at the front thereof.

57. In a device of the character described, the combination of a valve casing having a tubular wall and spaced valve seats, a pneumatic operativcly associated with the valve casing, the valve casing having an opening intermediate its ends whereby to establish communication with said pneumatic, and end openings, at pneumatically cont-rolled reciprocating valve rod in the valve casing, separated relatively adjustable valve disks on the rod to alternately engage the valve seats, one of said disks having an engaging part projecting without the casing whereby to relatively adjust the valve disks.

58. In a device of the character described, the combination of a valve casing having a tubular wall and spaced valve seats, a pneumatic operatively associated with the valve using, the valve casing having an opening intermediate its ends whereby to establish communication with said pneumatic, and end openin s, a pneumatically controlled reciprocating valve rod in the valve casing, separated valve disks on the rod to alternately engage the valve seats, and said valve rod being lengthwise adjustable intermediate said valve disks, one of said valve disks being loosely positioned upon the 'alve rod and having an operative engagement therewith whereby to lengthwise adjust the same and also having an engaging part projecting through an opening in the valve casing.

59. In a device of the character described, the combination of a valve casing having a tubular wall and spaced valve seats, a pneumatic operatively associated with the valve I casing, the valve casing having an opening intermediate its ends whereby to establish communication with said pneumatic, and end openings, a pneumatically controlled reciprocating valve rod in the valve casing,

separated valve disks on the rod to alternately engage the valve seats, said rod having a threaded engagement with one of said valve disks and terminating in a flattened. head, and the other of said valve disks having a cap extension loosely mounted upon said flattened head, whereby a turning movement of said cap imparts a turning movement to said rod, and thereby relatively adjusts the valve disks.

60. In a device of the character described, the combination of a horizontally disposed vacuum chamber casing, a vertically disposed valve casing communicating tierewith, and a horizontally disposed. motor pneumatic operatively associated with the latter, the motor pneumatic having a lower movable wall and the upper wall of the vacuum chamber casing extending a substantial distance under the lower surface of said movable pneumatic wall, arranged so as to be contacted thereby, whereby said vacuum chamber casing constitutes a support for the latter.

61. In a device of the character described, the combination of a horizontally disposed vacuum chamber casing, a vertically disposed valve casing communicating therewith, and a horizontally disposed motor pneumatic operatively associated with the latter, the motor pneumatic having a lower movable wall and the upper wall of the vacuum chamber casing being adjacent to and inclining downwardly toward the outer end of the movable pneumatic wall whereby to constitute an abutment and support for said movable wall when the latter is in expanded position.

62. In a device of the character described, a pneumatic having an upper stationary wall and a lower movable wall with flexible folds therebetween, the stationary wall having an inclined lower surface and an end opening through theuppcr wall to a point intermediate its ends where it communicates with the interior of the pneumatic, the lower movable wall being pivoted adjacent the open end of the stationary wall, a vacuum chamber casing arranged adjacent to and below the movable wall of the pneumatic, said casing having an upper wall inclining downwardly from the point of connection of the movable wall whereby to provide a support for the movable wall of the pneumatic in its expanded position, and valve mechanism operatively associated with the vacuum chamher and pneumatic. 1

(33. In a device of the character described,

a pneumatic having an upper stationary wall and a lower movable wall with flexible folds therebetween, the stationary wall having an inclined'lower surface and an end opening through the upper wall to a point intermediate its ends where it communicates with the interior of the pneumatic, the lower movable wall being pivoted adjacent the open end of the stationary wall, a vacuum chamber casing arranged below and adacent to the movable wall of the pneumat c, said casing having an upper wall inclining downwardly from the point of connection for the movable wall whereby to provide a support for the movable wall of the pneumatic in its expanded position, and valve mechanism operatively associated with the vacuum chamber and pneumatic, said pneumatic and vacuum chamber casing being independent and the valve mechanism being detachable from each of these members.

64. In a device of the character described, the combination of oppositely disposed vertically arranged headers having spaced horizontally extending supporting parts, a plurality of vacuum chamber casings projecting between the headers and supported one between each adjacent pair of said horizontally extending supporting parts, and in communication with the headers, and means for independently detachably securing each vacuum chamber casing in place.

65. In a device of the character described, the combination of a Vacuum chamber casing, a pneumatic, a vent chamber casing, a conduit between the vent chamber casing and tracker bar, a connection between the vent chamber casing and vacuum chamber casing, a conduit leading from the vent chamber casing to the pneumatic, the wall of said vent chamber casing having an opening for permitting access to the interior thereof, and a closure for said opening, said closure being removable independent of said conduit.

66. In a device of the character described, the combination of a primary pneumatic casing, an air vent casing, a conduit leading from said primary pneumatic to said vent chamber casing, a vent cap interposed. between said conduit and the interior of the vent chamber casing, the walls of the air casing having an opening in registration with said conduit and vent cap for access to said parts, a closure for the opening removable independently of the walls of the vent casing, and a conduit establishing communication between said vent chamber casing and the tracker bar. i

67. In a device of the character described, the combination of a primary pneumatic casing, an air ventcasing, a conduit leading from said primary pneumatic to said vent chamber casing, and connecting with one wall thereof, a removable vent cap interposed between said conduit and the interior of the vent chamber casing, the opposite wall of the air casing having an opening in alinement with the conduit and vent cap, a removable closure for the opening, said closure being independent of the walls of the vent casing, and a conduit for establishing communication between said first mentioned conduit and the tracker bar.

68. In a device of the character described, the combination of a primary pneumatic casing, an air casing, a conduit leading from said pneumatic to the air casing, a removable vent cap frictionally held in position at the end of the conduit in the casing, and the wall of the casing having an opening opposite the vent cap and of a size to permit the entrance of the vent cap therethrough, and a removable closure for the o 'iening, said closure being mounted upon and independently removable from the last mentioned wall of the air casing.

(39. In a device of the character described, the combination of a primary pneumatic casing, an air casing, a conduit leading from said pneumatic to the air casing, a removable vent cap frictionally held in position at the end of the conduit, and the wall of the casing having an opening opposite the vent cap of a size to permit the entrance and removal of the vent cap therethrough, a removable closure for the opening, and a packing interposed between the wall of the air casing and said closure.

70. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of an elongated vertically disposed tubular header having horizontally extending branches, of a vacuum chamber casing arranged between said branches and resting upon the wall of one of said branches, a primary pneumatic and valve mechanism operatively connected with the vacuum chamber casing, a vent chamber casing, a conduit establishing communication between the primary pneumatic and vent chamber casing, said vent chamber being in communication with one of the branches of the header and a removable wall for the vent chamber casing permitting access to said conduit.

71. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of a horizontally disposed vacuum chamber casing, a motor pneumatic arranged above the vacuum chamber casing, a cylindrical valve casing arranged to the side of the vacuum chamber casing and overlying the end wall of the motor pneumatic, said valve casing being in communication with the vacuum chamber casing, and with the motor pneumatic, means for detachably supporting the valve casing to the vacuum chamber casing and independent means for detachably supporting the valve casing to the end wall of the motor pneumatic, and a primary pneumatic carried by the valve casing.

7 2. In a pneumatic action for musical instrument-s, the combination of a valve casing, a pneumatic element, a valve stem section in the valve casing operatively associated with the pneumatic element, said casing having a valve seat, and a valve having a cap mounted on the top of the stem section and adapted in the action of the pneumatic to engage said seat, said valve being ai'laptcd to tilt in diflerent directions relative to the stem section while fixed against rotary movement, and said stem section having a thread ed support at its lower end whereby the position of the valve may be adjusted by rotary movement of said cap.

73. In a pneumatic action for musical instrmnents, the combination of a valve casing, a pneumatic element, a lengthwise adjustable valve stem in the valve casing operatively associated with the pneunu'it-ic element, said stem having a flattened head at one end and a valve having a recessed part to loosely engage over said head, the parts being constructed and arranged whereby the valve is prevented from relative rotary movement while permitting relative rocking movement.

74. In a pneumatic action for musical i11- struments, the combination of a valve casing, a pneumatic element, a lengthwise adj ustable valve stem in the valve casing operatively associated with the pneumatic element, and a floating valve positioned on said valve stem and mounted to yield in different directions relative to said stem, and peripheral projections on the valve to engage the inner surface of the valve casing to constitute guides for the valve.

75. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of a tubular valve casing, an open end wall for the valve casing, constituting a valve seat, a pneumatic element operatively associated with the valve casing, a lengthwise adjustable valve stem operatively associated with the pneumatic and actuated thereby, and a valve disk having av central cap portion projecting upwardly therefrom to engage through the open end wall of the valve casing, said cap portion of the valve disk being movab'ly positioned on the valve stem.

7 6. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of a tubular valve casing, an open end wall for the valve casing, constituting a valve seat, a pneumatic element operatively associated with the valve casing, a valve stem operatively associated with the pneumatic and actuated thereby, said valve stem being lengthwise adjustable by rotary movement thereof, and a valve disk having a central cap portion projecting upwardly therefrom to project through the open end wall of the valve casing, said cap portion of the valve disk being loosely positioned on the end of the valve stem, the parts being constructed and arranged whereby to permit relative rocking movement and prevent relative rotary movement between the valve disk and valve stem.

7 7 In a pneumatic action for musical instruments, the combination of a tubular valve casing an open end wall for the valve casing, constituting a valve seat, a pneumatic element operatively associated with the valve casing, a valve stem operatively associated with the pneumatic and actuated thereby, said valve stem being lengthwise adjustable by rotary movement thereof, and a valve disk having a central cap portion projecting upwardly therefrom to move through the open end Wall of the valve casing, said cap portion of the valve disk being loosely positioned on the end of the valve stem the )arts bein constructed Whereb I to permit relative rocking movement and prevent rotary movementv between the valve disk and valve stem, saidvalve casing having an auxiliary valve seat intermediate its ends, a valve disk to engage the last mentioned seat, and an adjustable connection be- G. L. HABERLIN, C. L. WRIGHT.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.