US1218022A - Electric machine. - Google Patents

Description

R. HgWAPPLER.

yELECTRIC MACHINE.

APPLICATION E ILED 1AN.4. 1916.

1,218,022. Patented Mar. C, 1917.

2 SKHEETS-SHEET l.

R'. H. WAPPLERA ELECTRIC MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MMA. |916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Pateued Mur. (i, 1911 fla' @lli/ naamw-g, Jaa' @ffy/2.

REINHOLD H. WAPPLER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

ELECTRIC MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 6, 1917.

Application filed January 4, 1916. Serial No. 70,103.

To all whom z'z may Concern:

Be it known that l, llm/NnoLD H. WAP- rLun, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of New York, borough of Manhattan, in the county and. State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Electric Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to electric machines of a kind suitable for developing` electrical currents and impulses of high potential and high frequency, and particularly to such machines adapted for therapeutical purposes and using a spark or static discharge' of unitary direction.

More specifically stated, I seek to improve mechanism of the type just .mentioned by grouping together in a single machine of simple and compact form various devices and parts heretofore employed separately, and merely correlated for purposes of convenience.

My invention further contemplates the provision of means for causing air to circulate through and around the contact brushes employed in rectifying the electric discharges, and for forcing a circulation of air adjacent various other parts likely to become heated.

My invention likewise comprehends placing a transformer in close proximity to a rectifying disk used in connection therewith, the position of the transformer relatively to the rectifying` disk being such as to dispense with all necessity for using loose cables to connect these parts, and to promote accessibility thereof while n'iaintaining a maximum of eiiciency therein.

My invention also includes various forms and arrangements of parts` and combinations thereof, for improving the general elliciency of the mechanism.

Reference is to be made to the accompanying drawings forming a part of the specification, and in which like letters indicate like parts.

Figure l is a perspective of my improved electric machine.

lfig. 2 is a top view of the same, partly in plan and partly broken away.

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 4 is a detail view, showing in section one of the wings carried by the rcctifying disk and used for circulation of air.

Fig. 5 is a diagram of the wiring.

`Resting upon a floor (i is a metallic base 7 provided with a web portion 8' and with an opening The web portion S is further provided with a raised bead l() integral therewith. A pedestal 1l, secured upon the hase 7, supports a triphase motor provided with a terminal plate 153 and three bind-ing posts 14, l5, 16. Connected to these binding posts are wires 17, 18, 19, through which currents are supplied for energizing the motor.

The motor is provided with a revoluble armature shaft Q0, carrying a reetifying disk 2l which is of insulating material such as micanite. The rectifying disk .is disposed in a vertical plane crossingthe general direction of the length of the hase, and carries wings 22, in this instance two in number, held in position by fastenings 23 or otherwise secured as desired.

The rectifying disk also carries four contact sectors 24, Q5, 26, 2T. spaced equidistant, and a pair of connectors 2S, 2S). The conneetor 2S extends from the sector 24 to the sector 25, the connector 29 similarly extending between the sectors 26, 27.

Disposed adjacent the path of travel of the Contact sectors are four brushes 30, 3l, 32, 33, spaced equidistant and adapted to be engaged by the contact sectors 2l, QG, Q7, as the rectifying disk is rotated.

I provide a number of standards, 54-, 35, of insulating material` disposed in groups upon opposite sides of the hase. rl`he standards rest in sockets 3S and. are secured to the lugs 36, 37 by bolts El The lugs 3G, 37 are integral with the base, and extend upwardly therefrom.

At 39, 40 are a pair of cylindrical electrodes, together serving as a prime conductor. These electrodes 39, `l0 extend through the standards 34, 35 and are adjustable relatively to the same. For this purpose the standards are severally provided with slots 4l and with adjusting screws 42.

Telescopically engaging the electrodes 39, Ll() are metallic extension bars 13A-l. j A cross bar 45 of insulating material'is supported at its ends by metallic posts 48, 50. carried by these extension bars. Spark terminals 47', 49 are mounted respectively upon the slide 4G and the post 4S, and between these spark terminals a spark 47 may be formed, as indicated in Fig. connects the slide'dd with the extension har 44, and a cord 46". of insulating material, is

A conducting cord i6 Clt connected to the tslide 46 for the purpose of shifting the same in order to vary the length of the spark. A

A tank 51, made of insulating material and having the general form of a parallelopipedon, is supported by the base 7 and held firmly in position by aid of the raised bead 10 ilyhich circumscribes the lower end of the tan The brushes 30, 32 are supported upon in sulators 52, 53, the latter extending horizontally from the tank 51. The brushes 31, 33 are carried by the electrodes 39, 40 and are in the same vertical plane as the brushes 30, 32.

Disposed upon opposite sides of the tank 51 are a pair of metallic posts 55, each provided with a foot 54 secured directly to the base 7. Each post 54 is of proper form to serve as a clamping plate, and adjacent each of these posts isa clamping plate 56, connected therewith by bolts 56a. Clamped vbetween each post 55 and the adjacent clamping plate 56is a field bar 57, made up of iron plates. In other words, theieldbars are laminated. Extending horizontally through the tank 51, from one of the ield bars 57 to the other, are two cores 58, 59, also. laminated. Primary windings 60, 61, are.. carried by the cores, and encircling the middle portions of these primary windings and cores are short sleeves 62', '63, of insulating material. These sleeves carry the secondary windings 64, 65 which are in series. The primary windings are in parallel'with each other, as indicatedin Fig. 5, and arev connected to leads 66, 67 whereby' they are energized. The secondary windings 62, 63, are connected by wires 68, 69with the brushes 30, 32.

There is a definite phase relation'between the currents energizing the wires 66, 67 and those energizing the wires .17, 18, 19. That is to say, the rotation of the rectifying disk 21 should be so timed that when the voltage oi the secondary circuit is at its maximum the contact sectors 24, 25,26, y27 should engage the brushes 30, 31, 32, 33, but the order in which a particular brush is engaged by the several sectors is constantly changing.

The tank is filled .with plastic wax, which envelops the cores and windings of the transformer and is normallyhard. As the windings begin tq heat up, however, as they do in use, the wax becomes Wholly or partially melted and acts as an insulating oil commonly used in transformers. y

The speed of the machine may be 1800 revolution per minute. The operation'of my lows z-a The parts being assembled and arranged as shawn and described, the electric power is turned onand the motor 12 is thrown into action, causing the rotation of vthe recdevice is as foltifyiug isk 21.

Since the primary windings are in parallel with each other with reference to the iiow of the primarycurrents and since these currents are alternating, the brushes 30 and 32 are each of alternating polarity. jFirst the brush 30 is positive while the brush 32 .is negative, and then the brush 30 is negative while the brush 32 is positive. pose that, with the parts as shown in Fig. 5, the brush 30 is for the moment positive, the brush 32 of course being for the same moment negative. A secondary or spark circuit inay now be traced as follows:- Sec ondary windings 64, 65, wire 68, brush 30, sector 24, connector 28, sector 25, brush 31, prime conductor including electrodes 39, 40, brush 33, connector 29, brush 32 and wire 69 back to secondary windings. `This causes a spark to take place, in one direction, between the spark terminals 49, 47. The disk by its rotationnext brings the sector 31 into engagement with the brush 30 and the sector,

I will supi brushes 30, 32 is reversedso that a circuit may be traced as follower-Secondary wind-'L ings, 64, 65, brush 32, sector 27"(now 'at bot? torn limit of its travel), connector 29, secton` 426, brush 31, prime conductor (same direc tion as before) brush 33, sector 24, connector 1-28, sector 31, brush 30, and wire 68 back to secondary windings 64, 65.

lThus it willl be noted that/the secondary currents or discharges always take place in the same direction through the prime conductor and spark gap, and the value of the machine, for purposes of therapeutics, is greatly enhanced.

rlhe rotation of the rectifying disk 21 causes the Wings 22 to move bodily around, and in so doing to cause a circulation of air through and around each of theA brusblce. This prevents the brushes from becoming unduly heated, and so prolongs the life time of `the brushes, as well as prevents excessive loss due to the conversion of electric energy into heat.

I also find from experience that the forced` circulation of air caused by the rotation of.

`ll5 As the vari'- the wings 22` has a -marked tendency to cool the tank 51 and its contents.

ous windings become heated, the wax in the f tank melts,and as it gradually becomes liquid it circulates by convection. The cir- "the air currents set up by the wings are cooled effectively anni the eoolin far reaching, especially when th is driven at a high s geeel, as is u casel Again, the constant circulation of oir gools the field bars 57, and as heat oonveyecl to these hars by conduction from the cores 58, 59, the internal temperature of the tank is still further reduced.

lt will be noted that the drensformer a whole has the general foi-rn a tial; ioocly standing: verticali),r and that it is liso seri substantially lparallel to the reetiiying oslo This not only promotes eoinpaotness a l renders the parts r ielilv a :cessihle, lait ii'. also exposes the L oars 57 and various other parts in positions suitable for bling' them to be advantageously swept ov 'the air currents.

l. ln a device of the' charaeter described, the combination of a supporting fraaie provided with a lease, a reoti'fying disk joura naled upon said frame anfl having a general plane which extends tically, a li -posed partially within said tank, and located at the proximate level of said reetiiying dish-and electrical connections extending from said transformer to said rectii'ying disk.

2.' In a device of the character deseriberl,

the combination of a supporting frame pro vided with a base, a reetifying Cusk 30m2 naled upon said trame and having a general plane extending vertically,y a traus' former supported by saicl hase aiul'extending vertically thereroin so as to be substantially parallel to said rectifyingg disk, saiil transformer heine? locates?. at the proximate level of saifl recti'lying disk, unil electrical connections roni said transformer to said` rectifying disk.

3. ln a device of the character described the combination with a rectify/ingr rlisk carryng Contact sectors and connectors @titolariv ing' iron! one said Contact sectors to another, of `brushes for engaging said eontaet sectors, a step-up transferium' disposed ailjacent said reetiying disk and having a seeonilary winiliugr ooiinoeteil to said brushes, ami wings carried oy saiil (lisl tor foreiiigz' a circulation ot' air ailjzufent saiil trausfoi; said brushes, said contar/t sectors and salu connectors.

rsupply ingr i salti. eu s o. ,eo r described a ,fing elisir, a olli-y to said and elec ally eeuw, eel. 'to said Clisl 'for the puii supplying thereto the currents to be rectilie il, a tenir of insulating material in which a portion oi transformer is submerged so taai; another portion of said transformer is lelt exposed, said tank being1 disposed adjacent said diskr and mechanism controllable by movements of said reotifying disk 'lor forcing; a. circulation of air against said taule ancl against the exposed portion of said transifornier.

6. ln a device of the character described transformer loe the combination, ott' a oase provid-eel with sockets anti upwardly extend-ino lugs disn posed' adjacent said sockets, stanarils of inv sulating' material titled into saisi sockets and secured to sairl lugs, a, prime conductor supported by, said standards, a transformer mounted upon said hase and insulated therefrom, a reetiiying disk supported by said hase anti insulated from the saine, anfl electrical connections from said rectiiiying disk to said transformer anti to said prime conductor.

T. ln a device or' character described the combination of a 'liraine provided with a base, a tank mounted upon said. base and containing' a volume of insulating material, a transformer inounteil upon said 'oase and having; a portion eiteinlinfl into said tank unil into the insuiaingrl material 'therein contained. said transform r having the general Jform oi' a fiat iiody vertically from sairl base, a 1Mo-tit* f reel supported h v said .hase and extending; tieally in relation thereto, sairl reoti'ijfiiij, Wh being parallel to sai/,i transfo-rin `nel in Close proximity to the cal aga ections 'il notifying

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