US1217492A - Steam-boiler furnace. - Google Patents

Description

\ 0. 0. ORVIS.

STEAM BOILER FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 20. I915.

1 ,2 1 7 ,492 Y Patented Feb. 27, 191?.

WITNESS: INVENTOR 2% C W F OrlancZJ. Orvzls ATTORNEYS I ORLAND D. ORVIS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,

ASSIGNOR'TO ANNIE D. ORVIS, OF NEW YORK,

FFTQE.

STEAM-BOILER FURNACE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 27, 191 7.

Application filed July 20, 1915. Serial No. 40,931.

To all whom it may concern:

lie it known that I, ORLAND D. Onvrs, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of'New York, borough of Manhattan, county and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Steam- Boiler Furnace, of which the following is a specification. This invention is a furnace for steam boilers, the same being adapted, more particularly, for use in connection with water tube boilers of the Babcock and Wilcox type, wherein said water tubes are positioned in inclined relation across the furnace and the gases and smoke are directed in a, tortuous path between and around the tubes.

Experience shows that there is a cessation in the combustion of the gases and smoke as they flow from the furnace to the stack, due to the reduction in the temperature of such gases by contact with the water tubes, the

heat being given off or transferred from the gases to the water present in the tubes, as a result of which the gases are burned more or less imperfectly and they flow out of the stack more or less laden with carbon, thus giving rise to the so-called smoke nuisance, particularly if soft coal is fed into the furnace.

Furthermore, in case the boiler is fired by the use of a forced draft, the flow of gases is accelerated and fine particles or cinders are carried out of the stack by the outflowing gases, thus resulting in an objectionable cinder deposit upon the surrounding territory.

The object of my invention is to more perfectly burn the smoke and gases within the furnace chamber, and to attain such improved combustion without decreasing the draft through the boiler. The means employed to secure these results are easy to install in new boilers or old boilers, are economical of manufacture, and are durable and eflicient in use.

In a practical embodiment of the invention I employ a baffle tile composedof refractorymaterial, said baflie tile being 'substantially T-shaped, the head of the tile being provided on the under surface thereof with curved surfaces inclined to the vertical medial line of the tile, whereas the shank of the tile is centrally positioned with res pect to the head and furthermore is, preferably, circular in cross section. The T-shaped tile is so proportioned that the head may easily be thrust or inserted between adjacent parallel tubes, after which the tile is given. a quarter turn to position thehead crosswise of the adjacent tubes, and thereafter the T-shaped tile is dropped into place in such manner that th-e'curved and inclined under surface of the head rests upon the two adjacent tubes so as to be supported thereby. The tile thus spans the space between adjacent tubes, whereas the shank depends from the head of said tile, said shank being between and extending below adjacent tubes, whereby a number of these tiles are positioned in the furnace chamber so as to become heated to a condition of incandescence, as a resultof which the tiles act as mechanical bafiies in breaking up the smoke and gases and, further, said highly heated tiles act upon the gases flowing into contact therewith so as to burn the gases within the furnace chamber. i

The refractory tiles are positioned upon the lower course or tier of water tubes so as to depend below said tubes and extend into the furnace chamber. Obviously, said tiles maybe arranged or positioned in any desired order, but in order to employ a relativ-ely large number of tiles so as to secure substantially uniform flow of gases and at the same time so position said tiles that they will not appreciably check or retard the outflow of the gases to such an extent as to interfere with or reduce the draft, I preferably arrange the tiles in groups and position the groups in staggered order with respect to each other, saidgroups of assembled tiles constituting what may be referred to as checkerwork tiles supported on the lower tier of water'tubes and characterized.

by free spaces, the aggregate area of which exceeds the. cross sectional area of the stack or uptake whereby the gases are, in a.

measure, checked at the furnace chamber instead of being checked at the stack by the damper in the usual manner, although it is apparent that the gases may be checked by the stack damper as usual.

Other features and advantages of the invention will appear in the'course of the following detailed description.

In the drawings, I

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a water tube boiler with my bafiie tiles applied to the lower tier of water tubes.

Fig. 2 is a sectional plan View on the line 22 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a vertical cross section on th line 33 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a detail perspective view of one of the baffle tiles, on an enlarged scale.

Fig. 5 is a view illustrating the tile with the curved and inclined under surface whereby it is adapted to rest upon the inclined water tubes.

The battle tile A is shown more particularly in Fig. 4 of the drawings, wherein said tile is substantially T-shaped and comprises a head a and a shank Z), the entire tile being composed of refractory material, such as fireclay. The head a isrectangular in plan view, whereas the shank Z) is substantially circular in cross section, but the horizontal cross sectional dimensions of the tile in either the head portion or the shank portion is less than the space intervening adjacent parallel tubes of the boiler whereby the T- shaped tile is adapted to be inserted by passing it upwardly between the tubes, after which the tile is given a quarter turn for the purpose of positioning the head a. crosswise of the tubes in order that said head of the tile may rest upon the tubes, whereby the tile is supported by the tubes and the shank of said tile passes downwardly between the tubes so that the lower portion of said shank is below the under surface of said tubes. It is apparent the tile should be molded of fire clay and baked in the usual manner so asto produce a tile composed of refractory material all the parts of which are integral, The

7 top, side and end faces of the head a. are flat,

but the under surface of the head is curved in one direction as at 0, and is inclined at d, such inclination (Z of the under surface being illustrated more particularly in Fig. 5. It is apparent that the under surface of the head is curved as at 0 on both sides of the tile. The curved surfaces 0 enable the tile to rest firmly upon two adjacent tubes as shown in Fig. 3, whereas the inclined surface (Z allows the tile to adjust itself to the inclination of the boiler tube, while at the same time the shank Z) hangs in a vertical position between and below the tubes. This construction enables the depending fire clay tile to assume a position with respect to the tubes wherein the material of the shank portion of said tile is not likely to be injured or broken when in use within the furnace chamber, and thus the durability of the tile is promoted by reason of the construction thereof and the position which the tile takes when in use within'the furnace chamber.

The tiles are adapted to be inserted individually into engagement with the lowermost tier of inclined water tubes 10 of a new boiler or an old boiler, said boiler being shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings, wherein 11 indicates the grate, 12 the bridge wall, 13 the front wall, 14 the front header, 15 one of the series of battles through which the tubes are adapted to pass, and 16 the steam dome. The parts composing the boiler are usual in the art so that no particular description thereof is necessary, but in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 the baflle tiles A of my invention are shown as being supported by the lowermost series of tubes 10, the latter being inclined over the furnace chamber 17.

The baffle tiles A may be positioned in any desired order upon the lowermost series of inclined water tubes, so that said tiles are directly over the furnace chamber in a manner to expose the tiles, and particularly the depending shanks thereof, to the gases and smoke flowing into contact therewith, whereby the tiles composed of refractory material. will be heated by the combustible gases to a condition of incandescence. The tiles act to mechanically break up the current of smoke and gases, and when heated to a condition of inca-ndescence said tiles burn the gases and the smoke, thereby securing more perfect combustion of said gases, as a result of which the carbon in the smoke is substantially eliminated and the gases issue from the stack in the form of a relatively thin and almost invisible vapor.

The tiles are inserted individually through the spaces intervening the tubes of the lower series, for which purpose the horizontal cross sectional dimensions of the tile in one direction is less than the space intervening the adjacent tubes. Vhen the tile is to be placed in position, it is held in the hand in such manner that the head and shank can be passed in an upward direction between two adjacent tubes, and after the head shall have been raised above the tubes then the tile is turned or partially rotated (through an arc of so as to position the head a crosswise of the tubes, the diameter of the shank permitting the tile to be turned freely between the tubes, and, finally, the tile is lowered so that the curved under surfaces 0 will be in contact with the top and side surfaces of two adjacent tubes, all as clearly illustrated in Fig. 3. By thus manipulating the tile it can be introduced into new or old boilers as desired, the tile can be'placed in position by unskilled labor and w'thin a few minutes time, said tile rests upon the lowermost tubes of the boiler and is directly supported by said tubes, and

the tiles occupy positions wherein'the material is not likely to burn off by theintense heat of the gases thereby securing economy and durability.

A preferred method of assemblage of the tiles is illustrated more particularly in Fig.

2 of the drawings wherein said tiles are assembled in groups and the tiles of one group are in staggered relation to the tiles of another group for the purpose of producing openings at suitable intervals, which openings are unobstructed by the-tiles with a view to permitting the free outflow through said openings of the remaining gases. The tiles are assembled in the following way: A series of tiles are introduced successively between two of the tubes and one of the tiles is allowed to rest against the baffle 15, the other tiles of the group being in contact with each other. Another group of tiles is positioned upon the third and fourth tubes so that one tile is in contact with the bafile and the other tiles of the same group are in contact with each other, but it is apparent that the space between the second and third tubes is left open. Successive groups of tiles are. then assembled so as to leave openings between the groups, thus completing the first row. A second row of tiles is now assembled so that the tiles of the second row are' staggered with respect to the tiles of the first row, the tiles of the groups being positioned so as to leave openings between said groups, which openings formed by the groups of tiles comprising the second row are in alternate or staggered relation to the groups of tiles in the first row. A third, and other successive rows, composed of groups of tiles are assembled until practically all the tubes are partially covered by groups of tiles, but these tiles are assembled so that the aggregate area of the openings will exceed the cross sectional area of the stack or uptake, thus providing ample space for the outflow of the gases without substantially checking the draft created through the furnace chamber by the stack or uptake. The bafiles assembled as shown in Fig. 2 will retard the flow of gases by reason of the contact of such gases with the baffles, but more particularly the shanks thereof, and as said baffles are heated to a glowing or incandescent condition the flow of gases into contact therewith will set up a combustion of the gases so as to substantially increase the heat units.

My invention may be used in connection with any style of water tube boiler having either a natural draft or a forced draft, but when forced draft is used to blow air or steam and air through the grate chamber the baffles will not only check the outflow of the gases so as to set up a proper combustion thereof, but said battles will deflect the fine particles of combustible matter or cinders, thus precluding the deposit of cinders or soot upon the territory adjacent to the stack or uptake.

It is apparent that any desired number of tiles may be assembled in each group, although in Fig.2 each group is shown as consisting of three tiles; thus, the groups may consist each of two, four or more tiles.

Furthermore, the tiles may be singly positioned upon the tubes, preferably in stag-' gered order.

An important feature of my invention is the assemblage of tiles into contact so as to retain them in position by engagement of one tile with another or with others, whereby displacement of the tiles upon the inclined tubes is precluded by the engagement of said tiles with one another. Owing to the inclination of the tubes, the tiles have a tendency-to slide thereon toward the lowest part of said tubes. Accordingly, the tiles in the lower row rest against the baffle 15; the tiles in the second row are in contact with the tiles of the first row so as to prevent the second row of tiles from sliding out of place, and so on throughout the remaining rows, all the tiles being in engagement so as to retain them in their proper operative positions. Furthermore, the head of each tile is so proportioned that its end portions extend beyond the centers of the ported, and thus the end portions or corners of one tile are adapted for overlapping engagement with similar parts of two, three or more tiles adjacent thereto.

Having thus fully described the invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A substantially T-shaped baflietile for water tube boilers comprising a head and a shank composed of refractory material, .the under surface of said head being curved to fit said tubes and said curved under surface being inclined to the vertical axis of the tile whereby the shank is positioned vertically between the tubes when the head rests upon said tubes, said tiles being supported by the heads thereof resting upon the boiler tubes and the shanks of said tiles depending below said boiler tubes.

2. A substantially T-shaped baffle tile for water tube boilers comprising a head and a shank composed of refractory material, the transverse dimensions of the head and shank in one direction being less than the space intervening adjacent water tubes so that the tile is adapted to be inserted for the head to pass between said adjacent tubes and thereafter the tile may be turned for the head to rest upon said tubes, said tiles being supported by the'heads thereof resting upon the boiler tubes and the shanks of said tiles depending below said boiler tubes.

3. The combination with the water tubes of a boiler, of substantially T-shaped baflie tiles each comprising a composed of refractory material, the cross sectional dimensions of said tile in one direction being less than the space intervening adjacent water tubes, said baffle tiles being adjacent tubes upon which the tile is sup-.

head and a shank insertible individually in an upward direction between the lowermost tubes and there after each tile is turned to a position for its head to lie crosswise of said lower tubes and to rest thereon, said tiles being supported by the heads thereof resting upon the boiler tubes and the shanks of said tiles depending below said boiler tubes.

4. The combination with inclined Water tubes of a boiler, of substantially T-shaped baii'le tiles each comprising a head and a shank composed of refractory material, the under surface of said head being curved and being inclined and said tiles being individually insertible in an upward direction through the space intervening adjacent tubes, each tile subsequent to the initial upward movement being turned for the head to span the space intervening the adjacent tubes so that the curved and inclined under surface of the head will contact with adjacent tubes and the shank of said tile is adapted to hang vertically between said tubes.

5. A baffle tile for water tube boilers, substantially T-shaped and comprising a head and a shank composed of a single piece of refractory material, the cross sectional dimensions of the tile in one direction being less than the width of the space intervening adjacent parallel tubes whereby the tile is adapted to be inserted by passing it upwardly between the tubes and thereafter the tile is turned for the head thereof to lie crosswise and to rest thereon, the shanks of said T-shaped tiles depending below the boiler tubes. Y

6. A baffle for water tube boilers compris- Copies of this patent may be obtained for ing substantially T-shaped tiles assembled in groups, said groups of tiles being staggered with respect to each other and with the end tiles of each group in contact with similar tiles of adjacent groups, each tile comprising a head and a shank composed of refractory material and said tile being posi tioned with the head thereof in contact with adjacent parallel tubes and with the shanks of said tiles depending below said boiler tubes.

7. A baffle for water tube boilers comprising substantially T-shaped tiles assembled in groups and with the groups positioned to leave unobstructed openings at intervals be tween said tubes, certain tiles of each group being in contact with certain tiles of the other groups and each tile comprising a head and a shank whereof the head is supported by adjacent tubes and the shank depends between said tubes so as to be heated to incandescence by the gases flowing into contact therewith.

8. A baffle for water tube boilers comprising substantially T-shaped tiles assembled in groups and supported by the lower tubes of said boiler, each group being staggered with respect to other groups so as to leave openings at intervals and the tiles of each group being inserted individually between the adjacent tubes, said T-shaped tiles hav ing shanks depending between the boiler tubes.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

URLAND D. ORVIS.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, 1). C.

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