US121223A

US121223A - Improvement in drill-bits and reamers

Info

Publication number: US121223A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1871-11-21
Anticipated expiration: 1888-11-21

Description

P MW 5 r d. Drill-Bit & Reamer. NO. 1219223. 2 Pi ten ted Nov- 21,1871.

PATENT QFFIGE.

7 PETER M. WARD, OF COW RUN, OHIO.

IMPROVEMENT IN DRILL-BITS AND REAMERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 121,223, dated November 21, 1871.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, PETER M. WARD, of 00w Run, in the county of Washington and State of Ohio, have invented a new and valuable Improvement in Oil Tools, known as (lombinati on Bit and Reamer; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawing making a part of this specification, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon.

Figure 1 of the drawing is a front view of my invention. Fig. 2 is a side view of the same. Fig. 3 is avertical section. Fig. etis a horizontal section.

My invention has relation to means for facilitating the boring of wells; and consists in attaching to the drill-shank one or more reamingbits, thereby rendering practicable the use of a small drill-bit, even from the commencement of the boring operation.

In order to render the following explanation plain, it is necessary to state that in consequence of the softness of the rock it is constantly crumbling into the opening made through it by the drill. Hence it is necessary to line the opening with tubular casings, and to facilitate the introduction of these sectional tubes the opening is formed in the commencement by a drill of large diameter, which is replaced by others successively, decreasing in size as the boring progresses, until the ultimate depth is reached. It is evident that the last bit used must be considerably smaller than the first. My invention is designed to obviate the necessity of changing the bits, the boring being commenced and finished by a drill of the same size, which is the smallest size usually employed to finish the bottom of the well in the oil-rock.

A of the drawing represents the small drillingbit, provided with a collar, to, and screw 12, and arranged to be secured in the box 0 of the bar D. B designates the reamingbit, angular in form, and projecting outward and downward from the bar D. The cutting-edge of the bit is sufficient- 1y distant from the bar D to cut above the small opening made by the drill A a shoulder of the diameter required to admit the tubular casing. D is a rectangular bar, having at its lower end the box 0 and at its upper end a collar, d, and

screw or other connecting device, whereby it may be secured to the lower section of shafting. N ear the upper part of the bar is an expansion, 0, havon each side'two longitudinal channels, a u, dovetail in their cross-section and tapering upward, into which the ends of the reamer B and guide are inserted. E represents the guide, a bar of tempered steel, gently curved both vertically and laterally on its outer edge. From the center of the bar D the distance to the outer edge of the guide, at the point of its greatest thickness, is equal to one-half the diameter of the drill A, and as it extends down into the small openingformed by this drill it serves to keep the reamer up to its work. F represents a sleeve passing over the expansion of the bar D and the ends of the reamer and guide, and serving to keep them firmly in place. G is a collar, arranged to screw down over the ends of the reamer and guide, above the sleeve F, and serving to secure them. In order to remove the reamer or guide for dressing purposes it is necessary to unscrew the collar G, when they may be drawn out downward. Durin g the initial boring, until the wall commences to crumble, a second reaming-bit may be employed instead of the guide. The second reamer should be of less extent than its fellow, so that each will have its own apportioned work. Where the nature of the rock is favorable several such reamers of different sizes may be attached along the bar D, so dividing up the Work of cutting the large opening that it will be accomplished with great rapidity. When the rock commences to crumble and fall in, the guide should be attached, otherwise the reamer will be forced from its work.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

The combination, With the drill-shaft D, provided with the expansion '0 and dovetail channels u a, of the sleeve F and screw-collar G, when constructed substantially as and for the purposes shown and described.

In testimony that I claim the above I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two witnesses.

PETER M. WARD.

Witnesses A. W. MCCORMICK, S. J. HATHAWAY. (124)