US121179A - Improvement in brick-kilns - Google Patents

Description

PATENT FFIE.

THALES LINDSLEY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN BRICK-KILNS.

Specification forming part of Letters Batent No. 121,179, dated November 21, 1871.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THALEs LrNDsLEY, have invented a new and Improved Kiln and Apparatus for Water-Smoking, Burning, and Cooling Bricks, Tiles, &c.; and I declare the following to be a clear, full, and concise description of same, such as will enable others skilled in the artto which it'pertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing forming part of this specification.

Its offices are to provide: First, facilities for readily handling the bricks, tiles, &c., from the time they are formed until ready to remove after burning, and facilities for removing same. This is effected by means of peculiar brick-cars and a railroad or roadscomposed of removable rails. Second, doors being necessary to admit of charging and discharging the kiln and ingress and egress of cars and trucks, to provide practically air-tight and steam-tight doors for these openings. Third, that the doors aforesaid may swing lfreely and clearly, and not be interrupted nor pierced by the rails of the track, (when in drying or discharging it may become necessary to have them frequently opened and closed,) to provide a track draw-bridge which, when the door is opened, can be lowered so that the ends of theftrack may fall within the door and join onto the ends of the main track, and when the car has passed out, be raised again and the door closed. Fourth, facilities for reversing the draught in any part of the kiln, and for changing the order of operation in either water-smoking, burning, or cooling, from the top downward or from the bottom upward, at will. This is effected by the peculiar system of vertical and horizontal hues, for transmission of hot and cold air, and by the opening of certain ports and closing of others, and by dampers. Fifth, to the utilizing of the heat given off from a burningchamber. This is effected by my peculiar combination of the chambers and fines.

In the drawing, Sheet I is a ground plan of the kiln provided with eight chambers, B O D E F G H K, and the general drying-chamber A A. In the construction of the iloors of a chamber here represented, B B show the upper door composed of rectangular tiles a, pierced with holes for influx or efflux of hot or cold air. These tiles rest upon stringers, shown in c c, which in turn rest on the lower solid door of rectangular tiles d d, which rest on the sleepers e c, which iinally rest on the foundation iioor of non-conducting material. These doors and stringers are shown in longitudinal section at lower righthand corner, and in cross-section at lower lefthand corner. It will be seen that, besides the passages left between the stringers and sleepers, they are themselves pierced with semi-cylindrical openings, to admit of the perfectly free diffusion of hot air in burning or of cold air in cooling. Where continuous iiues pass immediately under the lower iioor, and between the sleepers, as represented at b b b in e e, and in cross-section at lower left-hand corner, they are made of tile and packed with non-conducting material. r is a system of railways for charging and discharging. e are cold-air openings, and e1 are cold-air fines; b b, horizontal hot-air ilues; b1, vertical hot-air flues, communicating, also, with system of diffusing tlues under the top floor. b2 b2 are the {ire-fines; h2, the ash-pits; h, the corner; h1, the lateral, and h3, the fuel-bin buttresses.

Sheet II shows a section, vertical, on C D of Sheet I, showing how the middle division of the triple walls, of which this kiln is constructed throughout, is provided with cold-air ilues el e2 e3. a: are openings through the inner division of a wall to a chamber, into the compartments beneath the iirst door. w3 is similar opening into body of chamber. c1 are vertical hot-air tlues, which, communicating with c2, c3, and c4, carry hot air from a burning-chamber and discharge same into the drying-chamberA A through openings shown in Sheet 5, at 7c and w1, or, if desired, can be discharged through the chimney-due x4 into the chimney. In the drawing of brick-car, at upper left corner, the leaves are hinged at one end, resting on a shelf at the other end. The drawing shows its construction clearly. In upper right-hand corner is a car, arranged with shelves, q, which shelves are divided (as shown in the plan of' a shelf below) into two parts, this division being along the curved line a a, each leaf turning or revolving laterally around the stay-rod q2, shown in the vertical and horizontal elevation and plan, respectively. When the leaves swing in together they unite along the lineA a a and form a continuous shelf.

Sheet III shows a section on line A B of Sheet I, and also sections along H I and L M of this n fitting' door.

sectional drawing A B. In A B, gis the cycloidal fuel-bin incorporated in a buttress. The furnace 0 is on the same sectional cycloidal curve ofthe fuel-bin. f is the fire-flue. i is the opening to the hot-air descending flue, shown in seetion LM above. Vis a damper, operated by a rod, V1, through a close-tting cap, V2, which damper can be lowered, as will be seenby the drawing, to a position such as will eut o the direct entrance into the chamber C of the heat from the furnace and oblige it to pass through fi down b3, through opening b2 into b,- thence (Sheet 2) into cl-supposing the openings c to be closed-and through c2, e3, c2, c3, and c4, and finally through openings x1 and 7c into the drying-chamber. Or the damper may be lowered as before, and the tumblervalve o, shown at the right of section A B, to be turned over to the right so as to close the passage b2,- then the draught would pass from openings e (in Sheet 2) through cold-air lues el into b, (Sheet 3;) through opening b2 into b3; up b3 through fi into iire-iiuej'; thence through the grate-bars, carrying the hot products of combustion, through b1 into the intercommunicating lues under the upper iioor; thence through the openings in the tile iooring; and thus to burn the bricks from the bottom upward. -The heat would then, in escaping, pass up through x3, through x1, into the drying-chamber. The traction-truck, shown at the upper left-hand corner of this sheet, is for use in pushing against a car or train of cars in the drying-chamber, attaching itself to such car by the latch Z1, in the usual manner, and fully indicated by its construction here shown. A rope or chain is then attached to the ring Z4, and the cars are then drawn out by means of capstan or similar appliance, and the direction of the power is changed so as to correspond to the direction of the track by interposed pulley-wheels, upon which the rope or chain bears at the angles of the tracks course.

Sheet 4L shows a side elevation of the kiln, in which A A shows the entrance to the dryingchamber, and z5 are the door-frames, upon which the doors (at upper left corner) are himg. The doors and the frames are made with corresponding lateral and vertical slots and ribs, the object being to have them close into each other, so that, when the door is closed, it will be nearly steam or air-tight. In order that these grooves and ribs may be made, of course the door must lap broadly onto the frame at bottom, top, and sides. The door may be made in plane form, or it may be made so as to set well in, having its top, bottom, and sides set at an angle as represented, f1ttin g against corresponding angular surfaces of the frame. The latter would form the closest- At the upper right hand is a track draw-bridge, composed of track 102, lever 104,101.1- ers w, and chains w1. The construction is evident. By pulling the lever to the right the part L02 is raised, and the door into which it was eX- tended can be closed. It extends far enough. within the door to attach onto the end of the track inside the drying-chamber. The roller w3 is provided with cams, into which the lever is inserted.

Sheet 5 shows the general arrangement of the chambers with respect to each other, and the course of the system of hot-air horizontal fines; showing the disposition of the openings (into the different chambers) xl, x2, m3, &c., and the points at which vertical hot-air lues c2, c1, c5, &c., enter this system of horizontal iues.

Sheet 6 is a plan of the top of the kiln, showing air-ports s1 s1, used to introduce cold air in cooling; vent-ports p1 to each burning-chamber for ingress of cold or egress of hot air; eye-ports p p piercing the domes; dampers s s, located in all the horizontal iiues, for regulating the amount and direction of draught; other dampers, s2 and s3, for changing the point of efflux of heat or of admitting cold air; dampers 7c ls k1 k1 for regulating iniiuX of hot air to drying-chamber, smokestack, ues, and man-hole]l j2 006, respectively.

The operation of this kiln will be evident to any one skilled in the art, hence needs no further description. Its novelties are also clearly expressed in the drawing and claims. Y

I do not intend to claim the pulleys and the capstan when used in this connection, as suggested.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

l. The drying chambers 'A A and burningchambers B, C, D, 85e., when placed in juxtaposition and otherwise constructed and arranged, as shown and described.

2. The doors and door-frames to a drying-cham.L ber, provided with ribs and grooves, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. The track draw-bridge with lever @04, ways @02, rollers w, cam-roller w3, and band or chain w1, in connection with the doors and removable rails, all substantially as and for the purposes described.

4. In combination with a burning-chamber, the furnace 0 with flue-damper c, furn ace-door g1, and the tumbler-valve c, constructed and operating substantially as described.

5. The combined buttress and cycloidal fuelbin, the latter being provided with throat-feeding damper, all constructed and operating as indicated.

6. The combination and arrangement, herein shown, of the fire-chamber, dampers c, and cooperating iiues, for the purpose set forth.

7 The brick car, shown at A, Sheet 2, provided with shelves divided into two wings, each wing revolving laterally upon vertical stay-rods.

S. In the kiln described, the combination of devices and appliances, as set forth.

9. rlhe traction truck with curved handle lf3, wheels w, and arms l provided with beveled hooks l1, constructed as shown, and for the purposes set forth.

THALES LINDSLEY.

Witnesses:

O. L. WIETING,

J. INI. HALLAGAN. (20)

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