US119682A - Improvement in the manufacture of soft-iron and steel castings - Google Patents
Improvement in the manufacture of soft-iron and steel castings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US119682A US119682A US119682DA US119682A US 119682 A US119682 A US 119682A US 119682D A US119682D A US 119682DA US 119682 A US119682 A US 119682A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- soft
- iron
- castings
- improvement
- molds
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 22
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 24
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000754 Wrought iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 240000003936 Plumbago auriculata Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
Definitions
- the first part of my invention consists in making soft-steel or iron castings by casting molten metal in hot molds capable of inclosing the metal so as to protect it fi-0m atmospheric action, and then placing the molds in a hot oven and letting them and the contained metal cool down gradually in such manner that the castings will be annealed when cool fand thus save the expense of reheating the castings for annealing, besides making better, softer, and more homogeneous metal; and secondly, it consists in forming the molds with alining of decarbonizing substance to more completely decarbonize the metal after being poured into the mold than it can be in the conductor and remain sufficiently fluid to pour to make soft castings of the nature of wroughtiron, or .to make castings of steel with less carbon thangcan be cast in the ordinary way.
- I provide molds of plumbago and fire-clay, ground carbon, and other like substances capable of resisting great heat, and heat them in an oven or by any other means to a white heat or thereabout before pouring the metal into them, the oven being arranged to admit of pouring the metal to be cast into the molds While in it or the molds may be removed for filling and then replaced; then I cover the said molds, when they are of such character as to require it, to protect the metal from the atmosphere, and close the oven; also, to exclude the atmosphere to remove any possibility of chilling the cast metal, and then let the heat of the oven gradually cool down.
- the molds having linings of this character will also be heated to receive the molten steel first decarbonized in the refiningfurnace as much as it can be and remain fluid, which, being cast in them, will be wholly decarbonized and produce very fine castings of the character of wroughtiron or the decarbonizing may be stopped or regulated to any degree required by the time the molds are allowed to remain heated and the degree of heat they are subject to. Thus I may retain carbon enough for high or low grades of steel, or remove it altogether to make soft 11011.
- the linings will be renewed from time to time by washing or coating them with decarbonizing substances in a pasty condition.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES RICHARD YEILDING, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.
IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOFT-IRON AND STEEL CASTINGS.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 119,682, dated October 3, 1871.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, RICHARD YEILDING, of NewYork city, in the county and State of New York, have invented certain Improvements in the Manufactru'e of Soft- Iron and Steel Castings and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification.
The first part of my invention consists in making soft-steel or iron castings by casting molten metal in hot molds capable of inclosing the metal so as to protect it fi-0m atmospheric action, and then placing the molds in a hot oven and letting them and the contained metal cool down gradually in such manner that the castings will be annealed when cool fand thus save the expense of reheating the castings for annealing, besides making better, softer, and more homogeneous metal; and secondly, it consists in forming the molds with alining of decarbonizing substance to more completely decarbonize the metal after being poured into the mold than it can be in the conductor and remain sufficiently fluid to pour to make soft castings of the nature of wroughtiron, or .to make castings of steel with less carbon thangcan be cast in the ordinary way.
In carrying out the first part of my invention, I provide molds of plumbago and fire-clay, ground carbon, and other like substances capable of resisting great heat, and heat them in an oven or by any other means to a white heat or thereabout before pouring the metal into them, the oven being arranged to admit of pouring the metal to be cast into the molds While in it or the molds may be removed for filling and then replaced; then I cover the said molds, when they are of such character as to require it, to protect the metal from the atmosphere, and close the oven; also, to exclude the atmosphere to remove any possibility of chilling the cast metal, and then let the heat of the oven gradually cool down.
In this way I produce more soft and homogeneous castings than can be done when they are allowed to cool before being annealed, and the latter operation is performed in the ordinary way; and I accomplish the same at less expense than when the casting heat is allowed to be lost and they have to be reheated for annealing. Another point gained is, the iron, not being chilled, does not shrink as the ordinary castings do, and retains an elasticity due to the preservation of the fine poresnot being contracted as they will be when subjected to chilling-which elasticity preserves the metal from cracking and breaking when subjected to blows or pressure, as it will when hard and brittle.
Besides this Ipropose, also as a further means of softening the castings, decarbonizing them, to provide the molds with decarbonizing linings of such substances as bituminous coal treated with black oxide of manganese or chromate of iron, to remove the sulphur; or the coal and oxide of manganese may be used in combination, or the latter in combination with other substances; or linings of magnetic iron and clay, charcoal, or micaceous rock, saturated in alum and water, in the proportion of one to two per cent. of alum, in combination with fire-clay, or fire-brick, or ground carbon, or any other acid either solid liquid or mineral and of the requisite strength. The molds having linings of this character will also be heated to receive the molten steel first decarbonized in the refiningfurnace as much as it can be and remain fluid, which, being cast in them, will be wholly decarbonized and produce very fine castings of the character of wroughtiron or the decarbonizing may be stopped or regulated to any degree required by the time the molds are allowed to remain heated and the degree of heat they are subject to. Thus I may retain carbon enough for high or low grades of steel, or remove it altogether to make soft 11011.
The linings will be renewed from time to time by washing or coating them with decarbonizing substances in a pasty condition.
Up to this time it has been impossible to produce Wholly decarbonized castings, becausethe metal will not flow when decarbonized below two per cent. of carbon or thereabout but by my improvement.
Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. The process of making soft annealed castings by casting in hot closed molds and cooling PATENT OFFICE.
he same and the contained metal down slowly The above specification of my invention signed [1 a heated oven or furnace allowed to cool gradby me this 6th day of September, 1871.
lally, all substantially as specified. RICHARD YEILDING.
2. The combination of the earbonizing subtanoes with a mold for casting steel for the de- Witnesses: :arbonization of the steel simultaneously with T. B. MosHER,
. ALEX. F. ROBERTS. (67) he casting, substantially as specified.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US119682A true US119682A (en) | 1871-10-03 |
Family
ID=2189131
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US119682D Expired - Lifetime US119682A (en) | Improvement in the manufacture of soft-iron and steel castings |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US119682A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2469907A (en) * | 1946-08-22 | 1949-05-10 | Whitehead Bros Co | Mold composition |
| US2580524A (en) * | 1948-01-29 | 1952-01-01 | Daussan Henri Jean | Products for coating molds and ingot molds |
| US2592337A (en) * | 1949-07-23 | 1952-04-08 | Non Ferrous Die Casting Compan | Method of chill casting brass and other copper alloys containing zinc |
| US2593751A (en) * | 1947-09-05 | 1952-04-22 | Pechiney Prod Chimiques Sa | Igneous electrolysis cell |
| US2841511A (en) * | 1952-09-16 | 1958-07-01 | Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) | Metal alloy and its manufacturing process |
| US4157111A (en) * | 1976-01-06 | 1979-06-05 | Kubota, Ltd. | Method of heat-treating ductile cast iron pipe |
-
0
- US US119682D patent/US119682A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2469907A (en) * | 1946-08-22 | 1949-05-10 | Whitehead Bros Co | Mold composition |
| US2593751A (en) * | 1947-09-05 | 1952-04-22 | Pechiney Prod Chimiques Sa | Igneous electrolysis cell |
| US2580524A (en) * | 1948-01-29 | 1952-01-01 | Daussan Henri Jean | Products for coating molds and ingot molds |
| US2592337A (en) * | 1949-07-23 | 1952-04-08 | Non Ferrous Die Casting Compan | Method of chill casting brass and other copper alloys containing zinc |
| US2841511A (en) * | 1952-09-16 | 1958-07-01 | Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) | Metal alloy and its manufacturing process |
| US4157111A (en) * | 1976-01-06 | 1979-06-05 | Kubota, Ltd. | Method of heat-treating ductile cast iron pipe |
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