US1195159A - london - Google Patents

Description

E. L. RANDALL.

OIL VAPOR BURNER. APPLICATION FILED FEB-17,1915.

l 1 95, 1 59. Patented Aug. 15, 1916.

WTEE TATE PATENT EDGAR LANGLEY RANDALL, OF SOUTH HAMPSTEAD, LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR OF THREE-FOURTHS TO OLIVER PRESCOTT MAOFARLANE, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

OIL-VAPOR. BURNER.

Application filed February 17, 1915.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, EDGAR LANGLEY RAN- DALL, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at 11 Lithos road, South Hampstead, N. in the county of London, England, have invented certain new and useful improvements in or Relating to Oil-Vapor Burners, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to oil-vapor burners (especially such as used for incandescent lighting with inverted mantles) for use with kerosene or paraffin or other suitable liquid fuel.

The main object of the invention is to provide a combination of parts which shall improve the means of vaporization and simplify the mechanical construction of the burner, besides facilitating the keeping clean of the vapor tubes.

The invention is also designed to secure a quick action in starting or lighting up, as well as to reduce the quantity of spirit re quired for the preliminary heating.

A feature of the invention consists in making the parts in which the liquid fuel is converted into vapor, of straight tubes which can thus be freed easily from any carbon or cinder which may form therein, by pushing a wire or rod along them.

Another feature of the invention consists in making thestraight vaporizer with a substantially vertical straight portion or tube, forming an auxiliary vaporizer or superheater. This vertical tube depends from the inner end of the horizontal or main vaporizer and reaches the flame of the burner, but does not necessarily pass through the wick pan by which the usual preliminary heating or starting is effected.

The nipple through which the vapor is discharged, is arranged to direct the same upward into a bent-over mixing tube. The said nipple is situated at the junction of the aforesaid vertical tube and the horizontal tube, and is arranged at right angles to the latter. Hence any particles carried along the horizontal tube are'not projected directly into the orifice of the nipple, but strike against the side wall thereof, and then drop into the vertical tube or auxiliary vaporizer.

The horizontal main portion or vaporizer tube extends across the underside of a defiector plate, a little to one side of a central Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 15, 1916.

Serial No. 8,823.

aperture therein, while the air-and-vapor mixing tube passes downward through this aperture to the head of the burner.

The burner proper or burner head is screwed firmly on to a thimble or socketplece passing through the wick-pan and the mantle carrier, so that these elements form as it were, one single piece ready for attachment to the mixing tube.

In order that the invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into effect, reference will now be had to the accompanying diagrammatic drawings, in which Figure 1 shows mainly in vertical section an example of the improved incandescent burner. Fig. 2 being a plan thereof. Figs. 3, at and 5 are detail views hereinafter referred to.

The vaporizer comprises a straight horizontal tube a of brass or steel, combined with a vertical tube 5 fixed to one extremity thereof and closed at its bottom end.

The main or horizontal tube a. is secured (by screwing, by silver solder or otherwise) to a heater tube or filter chamber 0, which is connected, by a screw-joint at the end 0 with the supply pipe from the reservoir containing the oil or liquid fuel. This oil or fuel is forced into the vaporizer under air-pressure in the manner usual in lamps or burners of this kind.

The heater or filter chamber 0 contains a wiregauze cartridge or filling through which the oil passes on its way to the vaporizer. The said chamber 0 extends through and is fixed or soldered to the burner shell, cover or inclosure (Z, or to a removable section thereof. Owing to the temperature acquired by the gauze or filling the tube or chamber 0 serves effectually both as a heater for the incoming oil or fuel, as well as assisting in partly atomizing and vaporizing the latter before it enters the main vaporizer a.

The vertical tube 7) is as stated connected to the end of the tube a, and the two open into one another. The closed lower end of this vertical tube reaches down to the flame, and is situated just outside the wick-pan 6, although in some cases it may pass through the latter.

The horizontal vaporizer a'is placed im mediately under a rather thin heat-collecting baffle plate 0 of brass or other suitable metal. Said bafiie is arranged in such a position that the hotter part of the spirit flame from the wick pan plays directly on the same and on the vaporizer when lighting up, thus producing very quick vaporization.

The upper end of the vertical tube or auxiliary vaporizer b, and the adjacent end of the main tube or vaporizer a, are fixed in 'a hollow junction-piece or block 6 provided crest of the vaporizer, while its interior serves as a super-heated well, receptacle or retort, into which any unvaponzed Oil or solid particles will drop and be mstantly vaporized,

7 instead of passing direct to (and choking) the orifice through which the vapor escapes from the vaporizer. That is to say any particles carried along the tube a, would strike the opposite wall of the block b and fall into the auxiliary vaporizer Z), instead of being carried into, and choking, the nipple. This nipple is screwed into the hollow junction-piece or connector Z) at the top of the vertical tube (5. It discharges the vapor upwardly through its orifice f (Fig. 5) into the bent-over or arch-shaped end 9* of the mixing tube 9 in which the mixture of air and vapor is formed. The necessary quantity of air is drawn in by the suction set up by the vapor jet as 1t issues under pressure from the orifice 7, on the known principle.

The said vapor nipple f in the example shown is funnel-shaped, or is coned downwardly, the orifice being at the bottom of the funnel, as seen more clearly in section in Fig. 5. The internal space or recess around the cone-shaped part is intended to receive any carbon or solid particles which might otherwise be carried by the stream of vapor into the orifice 7, as well as any particles that may be pushed down through the orifice in the ordinary pricking or clearing operation.

Either an internal or external pricker device may be provided for cleaning out the Y orifice 7 when necessary. It will be seen however that the space between the top off and the -mouth 9 of the mixing tube, 1s sufiicient to allow of the orifice f being very easily reached by hand with a needle or pricker from the outside.

The mixing tube 9 passes centrally down through the funnel (Z and the deflector plate or' baflie c and is secured (by a screwjoint or otherwise) in a three-armed piece or spider (Z fixed in the funnel.

The baffle 0 serves to collect heat from theproducts of combustion. It maybe in securing a comparatively large area of con 7 tact and a rapid transmission of heat from the bai'lie to the filter chamber.

The aforesaid mixing-tube gcarries at its lower end the wick-pan or spirit cup 6 and burner head 72,, the said pan or cup 0 receiving the spirit for heating the tubes a, b and c at starting. V

The burner proper or burner-head h is provided with a gauze or perforated plate h through which the vapor issues.

The wick-pan or heater 6 shown in section and plan in Figs. 3 and 4: respectively, is directly secured to the burner by a flanged thimbl'e or socket g on the tube which passes through the aperture 6 in the bottom of the pan. socket g is screw-threaded below the wickpan, and the burner-head screws on to it, so that the mantle carrier 9 is clamped in position (between the bottom of the wickpan and the top edge of the burner-head. The mixing tube fits into the screw-ring and the two aresecured together by a sp1it-pin 9 or in any convenient way.

The burner acts in the ordinary way, the paraffin oil or other liquid fuel being forced under pressure (from a suitable reservoir) through 0 and being partly broken up or atomized by the gauze in the filter-tube or chamber 0, and partly converted into vapor by the heat of said chamber at the same time. The vaporization is completed inthe tubes a and b and the vapor issues in a fine .jet from the nipple f with considerable force. The action of the jet draws air into the mouth or inlet 9" of the mixer tube 5/, the mixture 'flowing'down to the burnerhead 72, as indicated by the arrows.

The fiame issues from k and 72, and the products of combustion after leaving the inverted mantle (not shown) carried by 9 rise up to and escape through the tunnel or cover (Z (Z (P. l

It will be seen that near the nipple f and inlet 9 the vertical part d of the funnel acts as a partition or separator and prevents any products of combustion finding their way to the inlet 9 and so deteriorating the mixture.

I claim:' 7 V 1. In a vapor burner, the combination of a straight horizontal vaporizer tube, 'a straight filter tube in line therewith and leading directly into the same, a baffle plate secured near the joint of said filter "and va porizer tubes, in metallic contact therewith,

' an arch-shaped mixing tube the longer limb of which passes down through said baffle plate, and an inverted burner on the lower The lower endof this end of said mixing tube, substantially as described.

2. In a vapor burner for incandescent lighting, the combination of a straight horizontal vaporizer, a filter tube leading into the same, an inverted burner-head below the same, a straight vertical tube or auxiliary vaporizer reaching down to near the burner-head, an inclosing shell forming a funnel and serving to carry the aforesaid parts, and a heat-collecting baffle-plate 0n the main or horizontal vaporizer tube secured to the said filter tube, substantially as described.

3. In a vapor burner, the combination of a vaporizer tube, a filter-tube and heater leading into the same, a wick-pan for starting the action, a depending auxiliary heater extending below said wick-pan, a baffleplate secured to said filter-tube which latter reaches nearly to a central opening in the baffle-plate so as to be heated by the flame and hot gases, an inclosing shell forming afunnel and carrying the aforesaid parts, an

arch-shaped mixing tube extending down through the bafiie and carrying the burner head, and means for forcing oil into the burner through the aforesaid filter-tube, substantially as described.

4:. In a vapor burner, the combination of a plain straight vaporizer tube, a mixing tube arched over at its upper end, a funnel or casing having a contracted neck outside the top of Which lies the mouth of the mixing tube, a burner proper or burner-head screwed on to the lower end of the mixing tube, a flanged thimble or collar arranged above the burner, a wick-pan and mantlecarrier held between said collar and burnerhead, and an auxiliary vaporizer extending downward from the main vaporizer beyond the wick-pan, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

EDGAR LANGLEY RANDALL. Witnesses:

C. BARNARD BURDON, O. J. WVoRTH.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

' Washington, D. 0.

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