US1192607A - Flying-machine. - Google Patents

Description

H. F. CUNTZ.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION man JUNE 25. 1910.

Patented July 25, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

me vvlfoz wit messes I 7 11mm a. n.

H. F. CUNTZ.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION ms!) 1UNE25, 1910.

1 1 92,607 Patented July 25, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

l/qhtmcooao mfw ms NORRIS pnzns cm. Pnaml.n|w.. wAsumcruN. n c

I-IERMANN F. GUNTZ, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

FLYING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 25, 1916..

Application filed June 25, 1910. Serial No. 568,776.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HERMANN F. Cun'rz, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Flying-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to heavier-than-air machines, which are flying machines propelled through the air and having planes or surfaces against which the air impinges at a slight angle, and by the reaction against these planes or surfaces sustains the machine in the air.

Among the objects of my invention are means to effect lateral stability, as well as to restore stability or deflect the machine when turning, or under other desired conditions, as well as other objects which will appear hereafter.

In the drawings illustrating embodiments of my invention. Figure 1 is a front view looking down on a biplane; Fig. 2 is a side view of the middle portion showing the stabilizing-plane in its relation to the main parts of the engine; Fig. 3 is the top of the stabilizing-plane and connections; Fig. 4 is a front view of a monoplane; Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the central portion of Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is a horizontal section of the stabilizing plane; Fig. 7 is an end view of part of stabilizing-plane.

In Figs. 1, 2 and 3, A is the stabilizingplane; B is a vertical member to which the forward edge of the stabilizing plane A is secured; C is the rear upright; D is the operating sleeve; E is an operating lever; F a link; G bell-crank; H operating links; J operating foot-lever.

In connection with the stabilizing-plane, a is the upper slat; c is the lower slat; d are straps; e straps; f upper operating bar; f lower operating bar; g upper operating sector; 9 lower operating sector; it operating cords; 7c pivots for operating bar.

In Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7, the same parts are designated by same letters as above, with the addition of a central slat b, and at a a the double arrangement of the slats is shown. The main parts of the machine are indicated as propeller 1; engine 2; seat 8; and in the biplane the planes 4. and 4; and in the monoplane the supporting-plane 5; 6 6 6 are braces.

My invention-will now be understood in connection with the following description of the particular embodiments shown in the drawings, in which the upright B or stanchion projects above the plane or the uppermost plane of a biplane, and in front of the center of gravity of the entire machine. This is braced to resist the strains from wind pressure and connected at the top by a bar with the rear stanchions or upright C. e

The stabilizing-plane A is secured by any suitable means, as straps d (l, to the post B, and the upper and lower slat a and c are strapped as at c to the horizontal bars connecting B and C, at a place near the forward end. At the rear of the slats connections are made whereby the rear end may be deflected back and forth in order to warp the plane at the will of the operator. 'Thls operating means includes the operat ing bars f and f, which are pivoted at 70 to the slats and project to each side, and

have at their ends cords h attached, which are roved around the periphery of sectors g and g, and at the corners of the sectors the ropes it are made fast. These sectors are attached to the sleeve D which surround the rear post C and projects down to the convenient place near the level of the operator, and thereby levers E, links F, bell-crank G and operating bars H may be operated by the aviator pushing on the foot-lever J. The slats a, b and c are made flat and flexible so that they will yield sidewise and be otherwise stiff. Between the slats the plane is built-up of any suitable material, and the size of this plane A will vary depending upon particular machine and conditions for flying. It will thus be seen that the aviator by means of a foot steering lever can deflect the rear end of the stabilizing-plane and warp it to any degree he may desire. The upper sector 9 may be larger, as shown, than the lower sector 9, so that the turning of the sleeve D any given degree will move the bar 7 farther from its normal position than the bar f. Any number of intermediate devices may be used between the upper and lower edges of the plane, so as to warp the plane to the form desired, and the size of these sectors or other operating means will be made to suit the requirements.

In the use of my invention it becomes unnecessary to deflect the lateral extremities of the horizontal planes 4 and 5, and these main supporting-planes can therefore be made with stiffness and rigidity suitable for the purpose of supporting the load.

above the center of gravity and in position normally constituting a plane radial to the center of gravity and longitudinal of the machine and substantially vertical. By warping this plane, the effect is the approach to a section of a helicoidal surface of very long pitch, while the longitudinal axis of the flying machine passing through the center of gravity is substantially the center about which the warped surface generates. In this manner the stabilizing-plane acts as a screw, when it is warped to one side or the other, and tends to turn the flying machine about itslongitudinal axis, be cause the center of reaction on the stabilizing-plane is in such a position that it will have no tendency to deflect either the rear or the front of the machine laterally;

In Figs. 2 and 5, X indicates, in a general way the vertical linethrough the center of gravity of the machine and the average center of resistance of the stabilizing-plane,

from which it will be seen that the reaction, when the plane is suitably arranged with respect to the machine as a whole, will only have the effect of rotating the machine around its longitudinal axls and not any effect of turning it about a vertical axis,

which latter would be the case if the plane were placed in the front or rear, and under the latter conditions it would act as a rudder.

, In Fig. 1', the construction of biplane affords more suitable means for adapting two planes AA by continuing the uprights or struts between the two main planes,which can then be suitably braced by stays 6, 6, tying the members together with the main body of the aeroplane so that the reaction on the planes will be transmitted properly throughout the structure. planes, as shown, they do not radiate from the longitudinal axis through the center of the flying machine. but it well above the center of gravity and'the center of buoyancy, and properly located longitudinally, will produce the desired effect.

By the use of my invention all the operat- I ing mechanism for stabilizingis kept near the center of the machine, eliminating the necessity of rigging carried to the extremities of the horizontal planes for warping them. 'Furthermore, my stabilizing-plane With the double June, 1910.

beingin' a vertical or substantially vertical position would be strained only when'deflected and would not be under the constant strain of a horizontal warping plane. Furthermore, having the stabilizing-plane above theoperator of the machine, would reduce the liability of crippling the machine as compared with embodiment of flexible winged tips which are the first parts of the machine to engage an obstacle.

It will be evident that various modifications of my invention may be made other than the particular form shown and described herein, but V What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: I

1. In a flying machine, fixed horizontal supporting planes, a vertical stabilizing plane section in a vertical line above the longitudinal axis of the machine, and above the supporting planes and means for adjusting said vertical plane section back of its forward edge, means embodied in the construction of said plane and in the deflecting adjustment thereof, whereby a helical or screw surface is produced upon the deflection of the same, and with relation to the axis of the flying machine and its center of gravity, and whereby the reaction of said stabilizing plane will have a tilting and no lateral deflecting action in the nature of a rudder. V

2. In a flying machine, rigid substantially horizontal supporting planes, planes in substantially vertical planes above the center of gravity of the machine and disposed symmetrically about a vertical plane through the longitudinal axis'of the machine,each of said stabilizing planes having its forward portion flexibly secured and its rear portion deflectable, and means for symmetrically deflecting said planes, as and for the purpose described.

3. In a flying machine, a fixed horizontal supporting plane, vertical stanchions extending above said fixed supporting planes, laterally inclined braces extending from the upper portion of said vertical stanchions to lateral membersof the supporting planes, a vertical stabilizing plane articulated to the forward stanchion, means to truss the forward stanchion against longitudinal strain,

and means. cooperating with the rear stanchion to deflect the rear end of the stabilizing plane laterally with relation thereto, and means accessible to the occupant to effect such lateral deflection.

Signed at New York, this 22nd day of 7 HERMANN F. CUNTZ. Witnesses: Y 4

'DANIEL J. GUINAN, I-I. MUOHMOBE.

. Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

, Washington, D. 0.

Images