US1187985A - Telegraph transmission system. - Google Patents

Description

LGELL. v TELEGRAPH TRANSMISSION SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED MAYZII 1913.

on 1 9 l U 2 e H M u d e t H e t a P 2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

I. GELL.

TELEGRAPH TRANSMISSION SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED MAY M. 1913.

Patented June 20, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- vallll $3 47 mm W 4% RECEIVER RECEIVER TRANSMITTER PERFORATOR TRANSMITTER PERFORATOR JOHN GELL, OF LONDON, ENGLAND TELEGRAPH TRANSMISSION SYSTEM.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOHN GELL, electrical engineer, residing at London, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Telegraph Transmission Systems; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The invention consists of apparatus for the purpose of bringing into action certain instruments in proper sequence, in order that the speed of transmission may be relatively high, while the individual speed of the sending or receiving operator may be low.

In order to clearly indicate the action of the apparatus, and the system employed, reference is made to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a plan of a 2 unit switch, Fig. 2 is a Vertical section of the same, Fig. 3 is a plan of one of the switching elements in a 4 unit instrument, Fig. 4 is a section of Fig. 3, Fig. 5 is a plan of a 2 and 3 unit instrument with the 4 switching drums on the same shaft, Fig. 6 is a diagram of the electrical connections at the sending station, Fig. 7 is a diagram of the electrical connections at the receiving station.

In the difierent figures, the same number or letter represents the same part.

In Fig. 1, A is the connecting block to the A transmitter on the line side, and A the connecting block to the A transmitter on the motor side. In like manner B and B are the connecting blocks to the B transmitter on the line and motor side respectively, L is the connecting block to the main line and M is the connecting block to the source of electrical energy. 1 is the connecting spring between A and one of thetoothed conducting rings 9 of the switching drum on wheel 7; 10 is a similar toothed conducting ring on 7, meshingbut not in contact with 9, 3 is the spring which connects 10 to B; 2 is the spring which connects the line block L alternately to 9 and 10 respectively as the drum is rotated tooth by tooth in the well known manner of a sunflower wheel.

In like manner, springs, 4, 5, and 6 connect A and B to toothed connecting rings 11 and 12 not shown. 7 is the complete sunflower wheel whose step by step movements connect the main line alternately to the line terminals of the A and B transmitters. 8 is Patented June 26, 1916.. Serial No. 769,023.

a similar wheel to 7, but shown in section to indicate how the ebonite main wheel is' connected to the main shaft 13. It is similar to 7, and carries out the, same function with respect to the motors of the A and B transmitters as 7 does to the line circuit; 14 and 15 are the bearings of the main shaft. 16 is a toothed lever pivoted at 17 on bearing 18 and engages with ratchet wheel 19 on the completion of its upward movement; the end of 16 remote from pivot 17 is pivoted to connecting rods 20. 21 is a ratchet wheel similar to 19, but with its teeth facing in the reverse direction to 19. Both 19 and 21 are firmly fixed to the main shaft by means of collar 22; 23 are a pair of radial arms pivoted on 22 and carrying a pawl 22 which engages in wheel 21. The opposite ends of 23 are pivoted to connecting rod 24; connecting rod 24 at the opposite and lower end is pivoted by means of a connecting piece to the yoke piece 25 of the cores 26 and 26 of the solenoids 27 and 27 and '28 and 28 are the insulated connecting screws to the solenoids 27 and 27 29 is a block of glgolllgite carrying the blocks A, L, B and A In Fig. 2, 30 is the main yoke piece of solenoids 27 and 27 connecting the bases of solenoids 27 and 27 and also by means of screws 31, holding them against the main plate 32; 33 is a stop to regulate the lower movement of the solenoid cores 26 and 26.

In Fig. 3, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38 are connecting springs with functions similar to 1, 2 and 3; 39 are studs which engage with 36 the line terminal spring; 40 is a stud which engages through 34 with transmitter A, in like manner 41 engages with transmitter B; 42 with transmitter O through 35; and 43 with transmitter D through 37. 40, 41, 42 and 43 are connected by pins or screws as shown by dotted lines to the studs 39 in a line with them.

In Fig. 4, the studs 39 are shown recessed into the ebonite, slightly projecting above,

its surfaceand with the ends of the connecting pins indicated.

In Fig. 5, on the same shaft, are shown a pair of wheels 43 and 44 which perform the same function as 7 and 8-Fig. 1;' 45 and 46 are similar to 43 and 44, but each has an additional connecting spring and series of studs to form a triple wheel for transmitters A, B and C; 47 are recessed rings to carry out the same function as the ,stone transmitter; 64 is the B transmitter; 65 is a perforator for preparing the well known Wheatstone transmitting tape. It is actuated'by electricity; controlled by keys similar to that of'a typewriter. It is used in connection with the. A transmitter; as the operator prepares the tape, it passes continuously into the transmitter 63, the punches of the perforator and the feed wheel of the transmitter being in line; 66 is the perforator used in connection with the B transmitter in the same manner as that of the transmitter A and 65.

In Fig. 7 is shown the-switch in use at the receiving end of the line; 67 is a sluggish relay, 68 is a suitable receiving instrument such as a Wheatstone motor driven tape recording receiver on the A side; 69 is a similar receiver on the B side; 1, 2, 3,

'4, 5, 6 are the springs in connection with the sunflower wheel'as indicated in Fig. 1, and 27 and 27 are the solenoid coils actuating the switch.

Having therefore described the purport of the different figures, by their aid I shall now-describe the action of the switch, and

in'the first place refer only to two circuits.

The messagesto be transmitted are placed before the operators working the perforators 65 and 66Fig. 6, and let us assume that' th'e operators will maintain an average speed of 50 words per minute. Transmitters 63 and 64 are speeded up to 100 words per minute. The operators both startperforating the messages before then, and when they have each almost completed the first one, both the transmitters are switched on in the usual manner, but only.one transmitter will start running according to the position of the sunflower wheels. Let us assume that the line contact spring 2 is connected through 9 to 1Fig. 1, then transmitter A is in a positionto send signals to line. At the same time, contact spring 5 will be connected to. 4 through 11 Fig. 1, and the motor of A transmitter will be "actuated by the main driving current.-

Each operator has placed the end 'of the tape under the feed wheels of their respective transmitters, but only the A transmitter starts running, and sends out to line the signals which are controlled by the tape from the A perforator. The operators hav- .be able to feed it.

ing finished their messages will each depress the special key which records on the tape one marking hole.

The message slgnals going out to line from the A transmitter do not affect the relay 62 which is biased to the spacing side, because they are alternating and of short dudoing so they actuate the radial arm 23,

through levers 24 and 25. The radial arm by means of its pawl acting on ratchet wheel 21 moves the whole mechanism on shaft 13-Fig. 1, the distance of one tooth. Lever 16 connected to the radial arm 23 through the connecting rods 20 moves upward until its tooth engages in the check ratchet wheel 19 and so provides a positive stop to the motion and prevents overfeeding by the momentum set up.

As soon as the sunflower wheels have moved forward one segment as described, for the teeth of the feed wheel are working in harmony with the conducting segments, thenthe current ceases to flow through motor 63 on the A side, but starts the motor in 64 on the B side; at the same time the transmitter 63 on the A side is cut out of the line circuit, and transmitter 64 on the B side is switched in. The message therefore that has been perforated by the B perforator on 66 is now going out to line; as soon as the special marking hole on the B tape reaches the transmitting pins a long current goes to line, the B transmitter is stopped, and the A transmitter started, and so each transmitter in turn is brought in and out of operation.

Should one .of the telegrams be specially long, for instance on the A side, then the operator at the B perforator will refrain. from pressing the special key until he has perforated two or more messages. In like manner, if one operator is faster than the other, then the faster operator will occaby omitting to depress the special key at the end of themessage. Therefore, so long as the total speed of the operators is equal to the speed of each transmitter, there will be no need to reduce the working speed.

In the event of a circuit carrying 150 words per minute, two operators would not It would then be necessary to use a three unit wheel, similar to 45 and 46, (Fig. 5) and three perforators and transmitters instead of two. In like manner, if it became necessary to send 200 or more words per minute, 4 or 5 unit wheels would be required.

memes Figs. 3 and 4 show a special construction v of a 4 unit wheel, and 45 (see Fig. 5) a modification of the same type of wheel.

As the traflic varies during the day, it is quite possible that on a three unit circuit, there might at one time be only suflicient traffic for one operator to cope with; at another time two would be suiiicient; and at another time the three would be required. It is therefore essential that the apparatus shall be so arranged as to meet the difi 'erent conditions. Vhen the traflic is at its minimum the relay 62 is short circuited, and only one transmitter is used. When the work increases the two unit wheels are brought into circuit 43 and 44, Fig. 5, in the well known manner, either apart from or incorporated in the automatic switch, of a double two way switch controlling the line and motor Circuits of wheels 43, 44, 45 and 46. Contact spring 53 would be connected to line and also 56 to the main motor driving circuit. Vhen the work increases the three unit wheel would be brought into circuit by crossing the switch over to 50 and 60.

There is a second means of obtaining a variation in the number of units in use. Take for example, the 4 unit wheelFigs. 3 and 4, with 4 transmitters connected up. Upon each of these transmitters there is a special switch so arranged that when it is in the on position, a marking current is sent to line whenever the-segment of the sunflower wheel controlling that transmitter is connected to line. Let us assume that this circuit with 4 units is required to work as a 2 unit. Ihen transmitters l3 and D will have this special switch to the on and transmitters A and C will have their special switches to the oil, and be acting as previously described.

In the event of only one sending unit and two receiving units being in circuit, it is necessary that the single marking hole be.

supplen'iented on the sending tape by a spacing hole at an interval of at least 10 holes, or the marking current will continue onto the first message signal and mutilate the first signal succeeding it.

In place of the Vheatstone apparatus as described, other telegraph instruments may be used. For instance, reperforators may replace the receivers and in turn actuate other separate apparatus.

I claim 1. A system of the class described com- 'and means whereby said transmitters may be successively started or arrested, substantially as described.

3. A system of the class described com prising a plurality of transmitters, means for alternately actuating said transmitters .and means whereby said transmitters may be successively started or arrested by an actuating or arresting signal sent to line, substantially as described.

4. A system of the class described comprising a plurality of transmitters, a switch for putting said transmitters individually in and out of line and means for sending a-special marking signal to line to actuate said switch to put another transmitter into circuit with line, substantially as described.

5. A system of the class described comprising a plurality of transmitters and means actuated by a perforated signal for putting said transmitters in and out of the line circuit, substantially as described.

6. A system of the class described comprising a plurality of transmitters, including means for making a prolonged signal, and means for transmitting said signal to line, a relay in circuit with the line, and a throwover switch adapted to be operatedby said relay whereby the current is open to one transmitter and closed to another.

7. A system of the class described comprising a plurality of transmitters, means for operating said transmitters, a relay in line circuit having a local source of energy adapted to complete or break the circuit to said operating means.

8. In combination in a system of the class described, a plurality of individually operated transmitters, sunflower wheels for putting said transmitters in and out of line circuit, and actuating means for said wheels, operated by a perforator signal.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN GELL.

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