US1187934A - Incubator. - Google Patents

Description

W. SCHWALGE.

AINCUBATOR.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 24. 1913.

Patented June 20,1916.

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'WILHELM SCHWALG, OF ELM-IURST, ILLINOS.

INCUBATOR.

Specncaton of Letters Patent.

Patented June 29, 19105.

Application filed. July 24, 1913. Serial No. 780,899.

To all Lv/0m t may concern.'

Be it known that 1, WILHELM SorrwALen, a citizen of the United States, residing at Elmhurst, in the county of Dupage andV State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in ncubators, o which the following is aA specification.

The essential object of this invention is to provide an incubator having a plurality of separate and independent compartments and provided with devices by which the heat in each compartment is regulated independently of the others.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspec partments i by means of partitions 6. Each compartment has its own door or doors and the trays 8 of eggs can be placed in the appropriate compartment. rlhe primary reason for dividing the incubator into compartments is to permit inspection of the contents of each or any compartment without per mitting the escape of the warm air from any other compartment. More specifically, if it becomes necessary to open the particular door 7 which is shown as being open in Fig. 1, either for the purpose of changing the trays or 'for any other reason, it is not necessary to open any of the other compartments, and since from time to time each of the compartments will in the ordinary course of operation be opened and its temperature reduced below the temperature of the remaineo ing compartments, it is one of the features of this invention to control the temperature of each compartment independently of the other compartments.

The heat is supplied from av suitable 5o burner 10 which may conveniently vbe an ordinary oil lamp. Above the chimneyll of the lamp is the drum 12, provided with a hood 13 adapted to direct the heat inside the drum. The top of the drum is open as 55 at 13a and can be closed by the valve 14C,4 which is controlled by the movable support 15.' A pipe 16 extends from the drum 12 to the box 17, and within the box there is a thermostat, not shown, or similar device for controlling the hanger 15, and causing the' same automatically to rise when the temperature within the box 17 passes beyond a predetermined point. When the parts are as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the open end of the drum 12 will permit the escape into the' outer atmosphere of the heat from the lamp; but when the valve 14C is seated upon the drum, the opening will be closed and the heat will be forced from the drum from whence it will pass into and through pipes 1G and 18. That heat passing through pipe 1G and into the box 17 will control the thermostat within the box, causing the valve 14E to open when the temperature becomes high and to close when the temperature becomes low.

The pipe 18 is surrounded by a pipe 19 which is somewhatlarger in diameter than pipe 1S and which extends practically from one end to the other of the casing 1. It is from pipe 19 that the warm air is distributed to the diii'erent compartments of the incubator. In order to'efect this distribution, pipe 19 is provided with as many nipples 20 'as there are compartments. Each nipple 2O is in communication with a pipe or conduit 21, each ofA said conduits 21 being divided into tvvo branches, and adjacent each end of each ybranch of the conduit 21 are conduits 22, each of which extends outwardly from the conduit 21 and substantially at right angles thereto, then extends parallel to the conduit 21 and toward the center of the incubator, and then upwardly through the top or cover 3, the mouth or discharge end of each conduit 22 being a short distance above the top of the cover. The heated gases from the pipe 19, therefore, pass upwardly through the nipples 20, thence horizontally through the pipes 21, and thence escape into the atmosphere after having passed through the conduits 22. The

heated gases, accordingly, are not discharged directly into the compartments of the incubator but warm or heat the same as they pass through the pipes 19, 21, and 22.

in order to shut oft1 thel heated gases from any compartment when the temperature in that compartment has reached a predetermined point, the device, best shown in Fig. 5, is applied. From said ligure it will be seen that the conduits 21 communicate with 29 and are so constructed that when the temperature in any compartment rises above a predetermined point, the thermostat 30 v will expand, thus forcing the valve 27 downwardly so as to close the appropriate opening 26,' which closing of the valve, obviously,prevents further'iiowof the heated gases into that pipe or pipes 21 and 22 which enter such compartment. As clearly shown in the drawings, there is a branch ofconduit 21 on each side of the main supply pipe 19, and in order more certainly to control the apparatus there is a separate lever 29, valve 2,8, and thermostat for each i branch of the conduit 21.

In ord-er tofpermit the heated gases to p ass from the pipe`18 into the surrounding pipe 19, said pipe 1S is provided .with perforations'3536 and 37,7as best shown in Fig. 4. The perforation 35 which is nearest to the heater 10 is relatively small in diameter; the perforation 36Vis larger than the perforation 35; the perforation 37 is larger than the Vperforation 36, and so on, it being desirable to increase the size of the perforations in the pipe 18 according to the increase in the distance `,of such perforations from the heater. In this manner, each ofthe several compart ments, of the incubator will receive the same number of units of. heat as any other compartment. -Were the perforations l35, 36 and V37each of the same size,the particular compartment or compartments which are fed or supplied with heated air through perforation 35 would become heated sooner than o the: compartment'or compartments supplied through vthe perforation ,37 for, obviously `j the heated gases will travel along the line ofthe least resistance, and werethe perforations to`V be of equalY size, the heated gases 'wouldtend to pass into the compartment nearest the heater rather than to force their Way through into the compartments which are farthest removed `from the heater. By

making the passage' ofthe heated gases from f the pipe18 to the first compartments relatively diiiicult (becausecof the provision of Y a relatively small passageway) and by'niaking thepassage ofthe heated gases Yfrom they same .pipe into `the compartments farthest removed from the incubator relatively easy (by providing alarge passageway), and by Y properly proportioning the sizes of the passageways, it is obvious that the heat is uniform in the different compartments, regardless of their distance from the incubator. This arrangement of the sizes of the passageways through which the heated gases pass into any particular compartment, tends to an equal distribution of the heated gases to pipe 19 longitudinally thereof.

The operation of the incubator will be clearly evident from the foregoing detailed description of parts, and no particular description of the operation is deemed necessary fui'ther than to direct attention to the fact that the pipes 19, 21, and 22 are so arranged as to reach and warm the compartment within which they are respectively placed both iii the middle, at the ends and along the sides. It will be obvious further that numerous changes in the arrangement of details and construction of parts may be made without departing from the Scope 0f the invention.

I claim as my invention:

1. A multiple compartment incubator comprising a plurality of separate compartments arranged in two longitudinal horizontal rows and transverse pairs, a main longitudinal horizontal supply pipe extend ing through the incubator between the rows, a plurality of transverse horizontal conduits disposed in separated arrangement above the horizontal plane of the supply pipe, and each having its opposite ends extending within the two compartments of the pair which it heats, an individual angular heat distributing means locatedl within each compartment and connected to the end of the transverse conduit extending thereon, vertical connectionskbetween said conduits and the supply pipe, and an air admission controlling means centrally located in each conduit over the upper termination of its vertical connection.

2. A multiple compartment incubator, comprising a plurality of separate compartments arranged in two longitudinal horizontal rows and transverse pairs, a main longitudinal horizontal supply pipe extending through the incubator between the rows, a plurality of transverse horizontal conduits disposed .in separated arrangements abovethe horizontal plane of the supply pipe and each having its opposite ends extending Within the compartments of the pair which it heats, a plurality of approximately U-sliaped pipes, each located withinone of the compartments and connected to the outer end of the transverse horizontal conduit, vertical connections between said transverse horizontal conduits and the supply pipe and an air admission controlling means centrally located in each transverse horizontal conduit over the upper termination of its vertical connection.

3. A multiple compartment incubator,

comprising a plurality of separate compartments arranged in two longitudinal horizontal rows and transverse pairs, a main longitudinal horizontal supply pipe extending through the incubator between the rows, a plurality of transverse horizontal conduits disposedl in separated arrangement above the horizontal plane of the supply pipe and each having its opposite ends extending within the two compartments oi' the pair which it heats, a plurality of approximately U-shaped pipes, each located within one of the compartments in horizontal position therein and connected at the center of its medial member to the outer end of the conduit and the two end members thereof extending parallel with the conduit, vertical connections between said conduits and the supply pipe, and an air admission controlling means centrally located in each conduit over the upper termination of its vertical connection.

4. An incubator comprising a plurality of compartments arranged in longitudinal horizontal rows and transverse pairs, a supply pipe extending longitudinally and horizontally through the incubator, there being a row of compartments upon each side of said supply pipe, a transverse horizontal conduit extending between and connecting the compartments of each pair, said conduit being located above the horizontal plane of the supply pipe and being connected at its middle to said supply pipe, a second conduit of angular form extending from the first mentioned conduit through the compartment, and having its ends extending into the outer atmosphere, and means for controlling` the passage of air from said supply pipe into each of said conduits.

An incubator comprising a hot air supply pipe extending longitudinally and horizontally through the incubator, a plurality of compartments arranged in longitudinal horizontal rows on opposite sides of said supply pipe, a plurality of transverse horizontal conduits connecting said compartments in transverse pairs, said conduits being located above the horizontal plane of the supply pipe and being connected at their centers to said supply pipe, a second plurality of conduits each of which is located within one of the compartments and connected to one of said irst mentioned conduits each being of U-shaped form with its opposite ends extending through the wall of the compartment, and opening into the outer atmosphere, and means for controlling the passage of air from said supply pipe into said first mentioned conduit.

6. An incubator comprising a plurality of compartments in two separated longitudinal horizontal rows, a horizontal supply pipe extending centrally between the longitudinal rows and in juxtaposition to each of said compartments, a horizontal main heat-distributing pipe of large circumference surrounding said supply pipe, a plurality of transverse horizontal conduits in separated arrangement, each connected at its middle to the distributing pipe and having its ends extending within and connecting opposite compartments of' the two longitudinal horizontal rows in a' transverse pair, and passageways connecting said distributing pipe and said supply pipe, and an individual heat distributing pipe in each compartment connected to the end of the conduit.

7. An incubator, comprising a plurality of compartments in longitudinal horizontal rows, a horizontal supply pipe extending in juxtaposition to each of said compartments, a main. heat-distributing pipe surrounding said supply pipe, passageways connecting said distributing pipe and said supply pipe, and a plurality of centrally arranged transverse horizontal conduits extending from said distributing pipe and having their ends extending into and connecting said compartments in trans verse pairs, said conduits being disposed above the horizontal plane of the supply pipe, andan angular individual heat distributing pipe in each compartment connected to the end of the transverse conduit.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

WILHELM SCHIVALGE.

Witnesses ELLio'r'r R. GoLDsMrri-r, Roirr. KLorF.

@oplet of thia patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commiaioner et Patente. Wahington, D. G.

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