US1183317A - Electrode for arc-lamps. - Google Patents

Description

R. MVLO.

ELECTRODE FOR ARC LAMPS.

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ELECTRODE FOR ARC-LAMPS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May il@ i916.

Application filed July 21, 1915. Serial No. 41,1301).

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that l, RUDOLF Mino, subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing at Charlottenburg, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electrodes for Arc-Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

With homogeneous electrodes for arclamps with fusible admixtures, such `as luminous salts, metals and the like, vitriied pearls are formed on the craters under the action of the luminous arc which unite themselves occasionally into a pearl of larger size, whereupon they fall, owing to their gravity, upon the bottom-pencil or into the ash-dish. lin this way a noticeable part of the luminous admixtures to the carbonfpencils is', to no use, eliminated. If these vitried pearls. or molten residues are not severed from the electrode, but continue sticking to it, they will congeal under the action of the temperature or the humidity of the air surrounding the electrodes. If this occurs between the contact-surfaces of the electrodes, the congealed vitrified pearl will, on the extinction of the luminous arc, produce failures in the relighting of the same, that is to say the vitrified pearl formed between the electrodes, which pearl ordinarily consists of an insulating material, renders the formation of a new luminous arc and the relighting of the arc-lamp impossible. ln such cases the vitriied pearl or the slag, respectively, must be removed, for which purpose complicated devices have been designed. These drawbacks are, however, done away, if the electrodes are provided with ports, openings and the like, the dimensions of which are so calculated that the vitrified pearls are, under the action of the capillarity, kept tast and drawn in to such a degree that they will not be dropped and give cause to a missed lighting even in a congealed state. These ports, openings and the like constitute, therefore, small, automatically filled receptacles for unconsumed luminous admixtures. Conveniently disposed, that is for instance to say, peripherically, centrally, in a star-likeor zig-zag like-shape arranged, or distributed at equal distances over the whole cross-section of the carbon-pencil, they may be advantageously employed for calming down the movement of the luminous arc, improving the intensity of the light or avoiding the formation of poor voltaic arcs.

The drawing shows some embodiments of the improvement, Figure I representing a top and a bottom carbon-pencil for electric arc-lamps in a partial longitudinal section.

' Figs. 2-10 show sections through the two electrodes facing each other, from which different arrangements of the ports may be seen.

The top-electrode is designated by a, the bottom-electrode by l); the capillary ports in the two electrodes are c and d respectively.

ln Fig. 2 the ports c are arranged in the top .electrode a in a star-like or radial manner; the number of ports amounts to 25, which number may, according to the arrangement of the ports, be increased or diminished. In the bottom-electrode b the ports al are equally arranged in a star-like or radial manner; the number of ports can be identical to, greater or smaller, respectively, than the number of ports in the topelectrode.

In' Fig. 3 the ports c are in the top-electrode arranged circularly; besides there is one port more provided for in the center.

ln the bottom electrode b the ports al arey arranged in like manner. The number of ports in the bottom electrode can be identical to, larger or smaller, respectively, than that of the ports in the top electrode. In Fig. 4 the ports are both in the top-elec trode a and the bottom electrode b arranged circularly; whereas in Fig. 3 an almost uniform distribution of the ports over the inner surface of the electrode is attained by several circles, the arrangement according to Fig. 4e produces several zones of electrodes. The number of ports in the top-and the bottom-electrode can likewise be equal or different. ln Fig. 5 the ports c are, in the top-electrode a., arranged partly annularly, partly in a star-like or a radial way. ln the bottom-electrode b the ports are arranged centrally that is to say in a circle. The arrangement of the ports in the bottom-electrode may also be applied to the top-electrode or vice-versa; with this arrangement the number of ports in the top and bottom-electrode may be equal or different.

ln Fig. 6 the ports c are arranged in the top-electrode a circularly, similar to the arrangement in Fig. 4, a port 'situated in the.

center being, however, dispensed with. The same thing refers to the bottom-electrode, compared to the bottom-electrmle in Fig. 4. lhe number of ports can, in this case, also be identical or different.

In Fig. 7 a single circle of ports c is provided for in the top-electrode (for instance 9 of them); this number may be increased or diminished at will. The same thing refers to the bottoni-electrode.

In Fig. S the ports are arranged by series in the top and the bottom electrode.

In Fig. J the ports c and d are arranged eccentrically in both electrodes; in Fig. 10 they are of an irregular disposition in both electrodes.

The number and the disposition of the ports is dependent on the standard of the contents of salt and the diameter of the electrodes and of the conditions under which the latter are burnt (for instance the kind, the intensity, voltage of the current employed); also decisive as to the most convenient combination of the two electrodes. From such reason the top electrode of Fig. 2, may be combined With the bottom electrode of Fig. 10 or the bottom-electrode of Fig. 3 with the top-electrode of Fig. 9 and so on.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by United States Patent is# 1. A homogeneous arc-light electrode, containing luminous admixtures, characterized by ports, openings and the like, adapted to hold fast or to absorb under the action of the `capillarity the molten particles formed by the voltaic arc, for the purpose of yattaining a. complete consumption of the luminous admixtures and avoiding a noxious formation of slags or pearls on the craters, substantially as set forth.

2. A homogeneous arc-light electrode, containing luminous admixtures, characterized by ports, openings and the like, arranged in such manner that the voltaic arc is adapted to proceed in a most possibly regular manner, for the purpose of imp-roving the steadiness of the light and lavoiding the formation of temporary poor voltaic arcs, substantially as set forth and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

RUDOLF MYLO.

Witnesses:

WOLDEMAR HAUPT, HENRY HASPER.

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