US1181562A - Boiler compound. - Google Patents

Description

20 boiler before steam was gotten -rrn' sans PATENT cr me,

JOHN BARNES, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR F ONE-HALF TO PETER B. BIRD,

- OF YORK, N. Y.

BOILER COMPOUND.

menace.

NoDrawing. Application filed December 13, 19i2, Serial No. 736,605.

' i t No. 815,291.

New York, haveinvented certain new and Compounds,

rllseful' Improvements in Boiler of which the-following is a full, clear, and

exact specification. 1 This invention relates to boiler compounds to prevent the formation of and, to

removescale or incrustation formed by deposits of lime and magnesia salts, and to arrest and prevent objectionable corrosion,

a galvanic or electrolytic action. 15. Boiler compounds, as heretofore known,

have been readily soluble powders, pastes or liquids, and considerable difficulty has ers. Powders have had to be put into the up, or fed through a feed-cup. If put' in efore, it dissolved so quickly as to cause foaming, and if attempted tobe fed 'through,a feedcup, it was found to the bottom, and not be circulated with the other ingredients throughout the surface of the boiler, on account of its specific gravity. Liquids or pastes containing mercury are subject to the same difliculties.

It is the object of this invention to provide a boiler compound containin mercury, which can be made up in hard f orm, and, when put into the boiler, will dissolve slowly and hold by the circulation to all parts of the boiler, without settling. To this end, I form my 1 compound as a hard, agglomerated cake which the water under heat and pressure 4.5 gradually dissolves, thereby neutralizing acids or oils in the water, and-at the same time, setting freely molecularly fine quantities of metallic mercury, which spreads in thin film over the surface of the tubes and sheets. The heat and pressure cause the Specification of Letters Patent.

that the dry powder 25 would attack the metal, and cause the cooks the mercury in such state, :0 of fine sub-division, that it can'be carried Patented May 2, l9 1lfi. Renewed January 29, 1914. Serial to prevent incrustation, but it has always been introduced in such form that it tended to collect in a pool at the bottom of the boiler, thereby becoming useless. By amalgamatmg mercury with an alkali metal, such for example as sodium, the tendency of the mercury to form a galvanic couple with the iron in acid waters, is neutralized, as the amalgam is electro positive to iron or steel under heat and pressure, thereby preventing electrolytic action on the iron. The mercury is thus polarized, relatively to iron or steel, and protects the iron from attack by electrolysis or galvanicaction, as well as, in connection with the other ingredients, forming a protective, heat conducting coating. been encountered infeeding them to boily In carrying out my invention, I form' an amalgam of mercury and an alkali metal, such for example as sodium. I preferably select proportions such that the amalgam will have to be pulverized into impalpable powder before being mixed with the other ingredients. As an .example of an eflicient compound I may employ fifteen parts of amalgam, ten parts of kerosene emulsified with oil containing as low content of free fatty acid as possible, such as whale or seal 'oil, fifteen parts of sodium hydrate, twentyfive parts of dextrin or other suitable carbohydrate, ten parts of tannin, kutch, or other tannin containing material, and fifteen partsof tri-sodium phosphate, and water to mix, ten parts. The ingredients are thoroughly mixed,.and then agglomerated under pressure into a hard cake. These proportions maybe varied within wide limits according to the character of the water used in the boiler; other alkaline salts may in some cases be pref rred or may be added to the'sodium phosp ate, such as soda ash or my compound may be introduced into the boiler in containers, and will dissolve gradmercury with the emulsified kerosene to be distributed in the boilers in a molecularly the' alkaline chromates. The hard cakes of fine form. Kerosene is very usefulfor its effect on sulfate of lime and magnesia which tend to form scale, as well as neutralizing or dissolving any grease that may be in the boiler, so that a clean metal. surface may be exposed for holding the mercury. As well known, kerosene alone' would have so low a boiling point that it would volatilize under the heat in boilers and would rise'into the steam drum and escape, but by being emulsified with an oil of high boiling point it ntimately mixes with thewater and is much slower to volatilize; its emulsification also facilitates the compounding vinto the? cake form. The sodium hydrate or caustic soda neutralizes any acidity of the feed water and combines with oil or grease in the boiler or feed water to form a soluble soap and to cut the scale and cleanse the underlying metal. The deXtrin has a beneficial action on the sulfates and acts as a binder in forming and maintaining the compound in a solid state. The tri-sodium phosphate neutralizes the corrosive action produced by many feed waters. Thetann n or kutch arrests foaming common in boilers when alkaline waters have to be used, and also has a beneficial effeet on carbonates of lime or magnesia. In addition to the dextrin or in substitution therefor I sometimes use other gums or sugars as a soluble binder. The mercury forms .an acid proof, heat conducting coating. The polarizedmercury amalgam has no eifect upon brass or copper under water. The emulsified kerosene may be formed, ac-

cording to one preferred method, by saponifying whale orseal Oll, or green soap made' therefrom,

preferably mixed with gelatin or similar substance, then adding the kerosene oil to the same, and then working the whole with the remaining ingredients to form the slowly soluble boiler compound of the invention. The green soap should preferably be free from free fatty acid, glycerin, stearin, or like substance. Usually, the ker osene is added by small quantities at a time to the mass containing green .soap, water and gelatin, the kerosene being thoroughly mixed by active stirring.

My invention has proven to be especially well adapted to locomotive. boilers which on account of their small steam space and high working pressure foam or prime very quickly and owing to the-use of copper expansion rings are more liable to galvanic action causing pitting and grooving on both plates and tubes. By reason of the hard,

slowly soluble characteristics of my improved boiler compound, it is possible to place in a boiler at one time, a suiiicient quantity to last two or three months wlthout attention, or without causing foaming,

thereby obviating the expense and trouble of daily feeding of boiler compound, and also avoiding the necessity of frequent washmg out and opening the boiler.

Having thus described my invention, 1 declare that what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

' 1. A hard, slowly soluble boiler compound containing amalgam, and emulsified kerosene.

2. A hard, slowly soluble boiler compound containing amalgam and emulsified kerosene distributed in a soluble binder.

3. A hard, slowly soluble boiler compound HELEN C. EGAN.