US1179357A - Manufacture of fibrous material to be used as a substitute for leather and other purposes. - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

KURT HARING, OF HERSFELD, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO THE CORPORATION OF ANHYIpAT-LEDER-WEBKE, AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, OF HERSFELD, GERMANY.

MANUFACTURE OF FIBROUS MATERIAL TO BE USED AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR LEATHER.

' AND OTHER PURPOSES.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, KURT HARING, citizen of the German Empire, and resident of Hersfeld, Hesse-Nassau, Germany, with the post-office address Dippelstrasse 4, have invented new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Fibrous Material to be Used as a Substitute for Leather and other Purposes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the production of an impregnated fibrous material which has some of the characteristics of leather and which is capable of'being used as a leather substitute and for other purposes. The

.fibrous material may be of any kind and especially when it consists of a very thick felted fabric it can be impregnated in accordance with my invention so as to produce a material so solid that it can hardly be distinguished from impregnated leather.

The object of my invention is to treat fibrous material with a solution of a suitable filling material, followed by'treatment with a fused mass of filling material, said lastmentioned filling material being soluble in the solvent for the filling material first used, and thus bywhat may be termed a diffusion process accomplish a more complete and thorough impregnation of the fibrous material with filling material than can be obtained by previously known methods; moreover, by this diffusion process I can introduce into the fabric molten materials of considerable viscosity, such as could not be caused by previously known methods to penetrate thoroughly into the fiber.

In pending application, Serial No. 736,533, filed December 13, 1912, a process of treating hides or leather, particularly chrome leather, is described, the steps of which process are in many respects similar to these of the present invention. The present invention, however, is not a tanning process for hides or a leather treating process by which leather is given certain improved qualities or characteristics, but it is an improvement in the art of producing a fabric material of such a nature that'it can be used, for example, as leather substitute; my invention is therefore quite independent of and distinct from the invention of said pending application.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 11, 1916.

Application filed June 16, 1914. Serial No. 845,438.

If it is desirable to impart to this fabric a special solidity it may first be saturated with a solution of a derivative of cellulose, such as celluloid, cellite, eellon, the solvent dried out and the fabric again saturated with for instance a benzene solution of asphalt, and finally, in the saturated condition brought into a fused mass of petroleum pitch (the residues from the fractional distillation of petroleum also known as artificial asphalt or petrol goudron) which is also soluble in benzene, so that the fused mass can be substituted for the solvent in the material and fill up all the pores. It is obvious that care should be taken that the cellulose derivative selected shall not be soluble in the solvent for the asphalt or similar'material, as otherwise the former would again be dissolved and thus in Whole or in part removed from the fiber. It is obvious that the nature of the material to be impregnated as well as the impregnating material may be varied. Instead of a felt a woven material of wool, cotton, hemp, linen, jute or the like, nuy be used, and instead of asphalt and petroleum pitch, resin, caoutchouc, guttapercha, paraflins of high melting point or the like may be employed. It is only necessary to observe the condition that the fused mass must be soluble in the solvent last used in the process so that the diffusion may be possible. It is also feasible to render the impregnated material more or less hard by suitable additions. For instance if linseed oil varnish or a drying oil, such as linseed oil or poppy seed oil be added in small proportion to the fused mass, there will be a gradual hardening of the whole owing to the action of atmospheric oxygen on this drying material. On the other hand by adding a fatty non-drying oil, such as a mineral oil or ascylinder oil, the impregnated product may retain permanently a certain degree of softness and elasticity. In this manner by impregnating thin fabrics there may be made materials of greatest density resembling leather or waxed cloth,

whereas thicker fabrics may be made into A the fabric to be impregnated a solution of a a solution of petroleum pitch in an equal volume of benzene, and when fully saturated with this solution transferred to a molten mass consisting of 9095 parts of petroleum pitch and 105 parts of linseed oil varnish. Instead of the linseed oil varnish there may be used a small addition of a mineral oil, for instance cylinder oil or a viscous parafiin. In this molten mass the fabric remains for about 24 hours, the initial temperature being about 85 C. and the final temperature 100-110 C., whereby nearly all the benzene is gradually expelled from the fabric and its place taken by the molten' mass. For further hardening the finished piece it may be allowed to remain for about'll days. In this manner pieces of quite considerable thickness of a "ery solid material can be obtained, which is applicable for many purposes, for instance as a substitute for sole leather, for making drivingbelts, as a material for excluding water, as an electrical insulating material or the like. Again, felt is placed for several hours in a solution of cellite in acetone. The acetone is then dried out, and the felt then placed in a 50% petroleum pitch-benzol solution, and then into a melt of petroleum pitch. Again, several pieces, or layers, of jute fabric are united by seams which are close together, to form a unitary body which is then laid into a 50% solution of mineral rubber in benzol, and impregnated therewith; thereafter the body is laid into a melt ofpetroleum pitch.

Now what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is the following:

1. An improvement in the manufacture of fibrous material to be used as a substitute for leather and other purposes, which improvement consists in first introducing into the fabric to be impregnated a solution of a suitable filling material and then introducing the thus filled fabric into a fused mass adapted to be dissolved by the solvent used in the said solution substantially as described.

2. An improvement in the manufacture of fibrous material to be used as a substitute for leather and other purposes, which improvement consists in first introducing into the fabric to be impregnated a substance which is insoluble in the solvent used for the impregnation of the fabric with the filling material, impregnating the fabric with the solution of a suitable filling material and then introducing the thus filled fabric into a fused mass adapted to be dis solved by the solvent used in the said solution substantially as described.

3. An improvement in the manufacture of fibrous material to be used as a substitute for-leather and other purposes, which improvement consists in first introducing into substance insoluble in the solvent used for the impregnation of the fabric With-the filling material, removing the solvent for the said substance, impregnating the fabric with the solution of a suitable filling material and then introducing the thus filled fabric into a fused mass adapted to be dissolved by the solvent used in the said solution substantially as described.

4. An improvement in the manufacture of fibrous material to be used as a substitute for leather and other purposes, which improvement consists in first introducing into the fabric to be impregnated a solution of a derivative of cellulose, drying out the solvent from thefabric and impregnating the latter again with the solution of a suitable filling material and then introducing the thus filled fabric into a fused mass adapted to be dissolved by the solvent used in the said solution substantially as described.

5. An imprdv'ement in the manufacture of fibrous material to be used as a substitute for leather and other purposes, which improvement consists in first introducing into the fabric to be impregnated a solution of celluloid, drying out the solvent from the fabric and impregnating the latter again with ,the solution of a suitable filling material and then introducing the thus filled fabric into a fused mass adapted to be dissolved by the solvent used in the said solution substantially as described.

6. An improvement in the manufacture of fibrous material to be used as a substitute for leather and other purposes, which improvement consists in first introducing into felted fabric a solution of a suitable filling 1 material and then introducing the thus filled fabric into a fused mass adapted to be dissolved by the solvent used in the said solution substantially as described.

7. An improvement in the manufacture of fibrous material to be used as a,substitute for leather and other purposes, which improvement consists in first introducing into a felted. fabric, composed of a number of superimposed layers, a solution of a suitable filling material and then introducing the thus filled fabric into a fused mass adapted to be dissolved by the solvent used in the said solution substantially as described.

8. An improvement in the manufacture of fibrous material to be used as a substitute for leather and other purposes, which improvement consists in first introducing into 9. An improvement in the manufacture of fibrous material to be used as a substitute for leather and' other purposes, which improvement consists in first introducing into the fabric to be impregnated a solution of a bituminous filling material and then introducing the thus filled fabric into a fused bituminous mass adapted to be dissolved by the solvent used in the said solution substantially as described.

10. An improvement in the manufacture of fibrous material to be used as a substitute for leather and other purposes, which improvement consists in first introducing into the fabric to be impregnated a solutionbf petroleum pitch and then introducing the thus filled fabric into a fused mass adapted to be dissolved by the solvent used in the said solution substantially as described.

11. An improvement in the manufacture of fibrous material to be used as a substitute for leather and other purposes, which improvement consists in first introducing into the fabric to be impregnated a solution of petroleum pitch in benzene and then introducing the thus filled fabric into a fused mass adapted to be dissolved by the solvent used in the said solution substantially as described.

12. An improvement in the manufacture of fibrous material to be used as a substitute for leather and other purposes, which improvement consists in first introducing into the fabric to be impregnated a solution of a suitable filling material and then introducing the thus filled fabric into a fused mass consisting of petroleum pitch substantially as described.

13. An improvement in the manufacture of fibrous material to be used as a substitute for leather and other purposes, which improvement consists in first introducing into the fabric to be impregnated a solution of petroleum pitch and then introducing the thus filled fabric into a fused mass consisting of petroleum pitch substantially as described.

14. An improvement in the manufacture of fibrous material to be used-as a substitute for leather and other purposes, which improvement. consists in first introducing into the fabric to be impregnated a solution of a suitable filling material and then introducing the thus filled fabric into a fused mass consisting of a mixture of petroleum pitch fabric when fully saturated with this solution to a molten mass consisting of 90*95 parts of petroleum pitch and 10-5 parts of linseed oil varnish, allowing the fabric to remain for about 24 hours in the molten mass, the initial temperature being about 85 C. and the final temperature 100- 110 C., whereby nearly all the benzene is gradually expelled from the fabric while its place is taken by the molten mass and allowing the finished piece to remain for about 14 days for hardening'substantially as described. I

16. As an article of manufacture, a fibrous mass impregnated with a cellulose derivative and a normally solid bituminous material.

17. As an article of manufacture, a fibrous mass impregnated with a cellulosederivative and petroleum pitch.

18. As an article of manufacture, a fibrous mass impregnated with celluloid and pe-- troleum pitch.

19. As an article of manufacture, a fibrous mass, the fibers of which are coated with an inner layer of a cellulose derivative and a layer above said inner layer of a normally solid bituminous material.

20. As an article of manufacture, a fibrous mass, the fibers of which are coated with an inner layer of a cellulose derivative and a layer above said inner layer of petroleum pitch.

21. As an article of manufacture, a fibrous mass, the fibers of which are coated with an inner layer of celluloid and a layer above said inner layer of petroleum pitch.

That I claim the foregoing as my inven tion, I have signed my name in presence of two witnesses, this fourth day of June 1914.

DR. PHIL. KURT HARING.

Witnesses:

JEAN GRUND, CARL GRUND.

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