US1175183A - Hydrocarbon-burner. - Google Patents

Description

F. w. SCHU. HYDROCABBON BURNER.

I APPLICATION FILED MAY 11, I914. 1,175,183. Patented Mar. 14,1916.

. a sums snsn Z zaesses. 4 r r5 THE COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH 60., WASHINGTON, D. c.

F. W. SCHU.

HYDROCARBON BURNER.

APPLICATION Hugo MAY 1I I914- Patented Mar. 14,1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

1kg. 7. I

B /5 1 7 .9 18 A la 'wilh yum-w HI -I I 17206721501" Em)? WScfiu THE COLUMBIA FLANOGRAPH cu, WASHINGTON. D, c.

F. w. SCHU.

HYDROCARBON BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED MAYH, 1914.

1 1 75, 1 83 Patented Mar. 14, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- THB COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH cm, WASHINGTON, D. C-

fziraess es 5 7 [laden/50h UNITED STATES oration.

FRANK W. SCHU, 0F

- HYDRoCA BQN-BURNEB.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented M r 14 1916 Application filed May 11, 1914. V SerialNo. 837,941.

To all whom it may concern .Be it knownthat I, FRANK 1V. SoHtn-a citizen of the United States, residing at Guadalajara, in the State of Jalisco and Republic of Mexico, have invented certam new and useful Improvements in Hydrocar hon-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to hydrocarbon burners for use on stationary or locomotive engines and in other furnaces and fire boxes.

An object of the invention is toprovide a burner that can be arranged and adjusted by the fireman or ordinary mechanic.

Another obi ect is to provide a burner that can be re-arranged and re-ad usted when found necessary without taking the same to the shop, and without requiring the attention of an expert mechanic.

A further object of the invention is to provide a burner that permits of very fine adjustments as different conditions may require and as different grades of oil may require, and thus obtain a very high efficiency.

Still another object of the invention'is to permit ready access to the interior of the burner for the purpose of cleaning the same when found necessary, due to corrosion, carbonization and collecting of foreign material.

By this burner there is a great economy made possible for the reason that any dog ging of the burner which may occur during use can be remedied by the engineer on the road without taking the burner to the shop. The whole arrangement of this burner is such as to reduce to a minimum thecost of maintaining the burner and the cost of repairing the burner and "readjusting the burner when found necessary.

A further feature of the invention is that the oil need not be heated While in its storage tank before being burned as it will'be heated sufiiciently while passing from the tank to the place of combustion.

An object of the invention is to provide a hydrocarbon burner in which steam will be applied to the oil to break up, atomize, heat and make more readily vaporizable the oil before it issues from the burner and by which the atomizedbody formed from V the hydrocarbon and steam will be injected into a flying mass of steam and air with wh ch it will be mingled before combustion ma, to supply abody of air centrally to the issuing atomized body, and to forciblymix andmingle the steam and atomized body WIClI SUChCBIItIal body'of air, atthe same time enveloping the whole with atmospheric air and mingling the atomized body and steam with the external air envelop.

At different levels within the burner there are-chambers inwhich the fuel is mixed, atomized, heated and made more readily vaporizable and the'passage leading to the upper chamber may be arranged to conduct thereto either a more or less rich mixture of oiland steam or oil alone; and both forms-ofconstruction will be illustrated in connection herewith.

Itisalso understood that air under-pressure may beused instead of steam, blllTWit-llout some of the'advantages accompanying the use of steam.

The important features, capabilities'and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the subjoined detailed description ofone specific embodiment of the in-j vention, V l

The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention.

Figure 1 isan axial sectional elevation of theburner'onlines w ;m ,'Figs; 2, 3, l and. 5. .Fig." 2 is a cross-sectional elevation on linesiw fgc Figs. 1,4, 5 and 6 looking towardithe'front or supply end of the burner. Fig. 3 is a cross sectional elevation on lines rat r Figs. 1, land 5 looking toward the back or outlet'end ofthegbrirner. Fig. 4 is aplanof the burner fromlines w*-w plate in place, the upper housing member being-broken away. Fig. 5 is aplan; part ofztheupper housing member being broken awayon lines 2 -03 Figs. 1, 2 and 3. Fig. 6-is a fragmental sectional elevation on lines m -a2 ,3Figs. 2, 3, ean'd 5. Fig. 7 is a-fragmentalrear elevation of the burner. Fig. 8 is a front elevation of the burner with inlet pipes in section. Figs. 9,110, 11, 1 2

GUADALAJABA,I MEXICO, ,ASSIGNOR 0F oNE HALF. JOHN 1A," SMALL, 0F LOS ANGELES CALIFORNIA g 1 Figs. 1 and 3, showing'the base atomizing,

and 13 are detached perspective views of" the atomizing and oil plates A, B, C, D, E, which in the assembled burnerare superposed in the order named, Fig. 9 showing the upper face of the lower 'atomizing plate, Fig. 10 the under face of the lower oil plate, Fig. 11 the top face ofthe second. atomizing plate,"Fig. 12 the under face of the second oil plate and. Fig. 13 the'under faceofthe; upper oil platen In. each ofithese viewsthe direction of sight is toward the rear. Fig. 14

the plates shown in Figs. 9 to 13 and the set I of screws being omitted. Fig. 15 is a cross section analogous to Fig. 3 showing fuel passages arranged to carry oil to the upper atomizing chamber under pressure of the fluid in the lower atomizing chamber. A portion is broken out to assist'in tracing the course of the steam. Fig. 16 is a longitudinal fragmental elevation in section on various planes to further assist in tracing the flow through the burner.

In the embodiment shown, the burner is provided with an open-ended frame or housing member 1, having a roof 2, two side walls 3 and a base member at, in the present instance shown integral with one another, and the side walls not extending clear to the front of the housing, but only part way. At the lower front sides of the housing and extending laterally from the base member are provided flange extensions 5 having screw openings 6 by means of which flange extensions and screw-openings screws or bolts, not shown, may be used to fasten the burners to supports at the furnaces to .which the burners are applied. The frame 1 is preferably ametal casting.

The. base member 4 is chambered to afford proper communication between the fuel and steam pipes and passages of the burner. The frcnt of the base member is provided with a large screw-threaded opening 7 to accommodate the screw-threaded end of the oil conduit or fuel supply pipe 8 interiorly of which is axially located the steam pipe 9 of smaller diameter than the oil conduit 8 and having a screw-threaded end to screw into the small screw-threaded opening 10 provided in the base member beyond the inner end of the large opening 7.. The small screw-threaded opening 10 hascommunication with a laterallyextending cylindrical. bore 11 provided near the rear end of the base and which is formed in said base member 4 by coring out from one side, as for instance, the right side (see Fig. 2) which opening is preferablyscrew-threaded to accommodate a screw-threaded plug 12 whereby to close that end of said bore. The upper portion of the base member 4, near the front end thereof, is chambered out as at 13, which chamber has outwardly and upwardly inclined side walls 14 extending from the upper portion of the threaded opening to lines with-in a short distance of its lateral sides. The oil conduit 8 is provide-d with an opening, the lateral sides of which are so spaced apart and inclined astoconform to the inclined lateral walls 14: when the conduit 8 is in proper position, by means of which the conduit 8 will feed out in an upward direction through the base .4.

rectangle being shorter than the otherat each end by a distance equal-to the thick-. ness of the side walls 3, 3," the longer rectangle being of a length .equal to the distance from the outer surface of one side wall 3 to the outer surface of the other side wall 3, and the shorter rectangle being of a length equal to the distance from the inner surface of one side wall 8 to the inner sur face of the other side wall 3; and the width of the shorter rectangle being a little shorter than the width of the side walls and the width of the longer rectangle being equal to the width ofthe extending portion" of the roof and base, the whole arrangement being such that when assembled, the housing and plates will form a compact neat structure. For purposes of clearness these plates will be called atomizing and jet plates. Directly on the base member 4 is positioned atomizingplate A (see Fig. 9) which has a front. transverse opening 16 corresponding to and forming a continuation of the upper opening 1 of the chamber '13 in the, base 4.

Rearwardlyof the opening 16 the upper side of the atomizing plate A is recessed and transversely grooved to form the passage 17 and distributing, chamber 18, saidpassage being in communication at its front end withthe opening 16 into which oil risesfrom chamber 13; said groove affording communication from the steam passages formed by openings 19 in the plate A, and

openings 20 in the base 4; said passages being in communication through bore 11 with the steam pipe 6 which opens into the cylindrical bore 11, the steam passing thence by means of the vertical openings 20 and 19 which are positioned to register with each other; the openings 20 in the present embodiment communicating with the cylindrical bore 11 rearward of the center of said cylindrical bore.

On top of the atomizing plate A'is positioned the lower jet plate B (Fig. 10),- which has formed on its lower side a recess 21 in direct communication with and extending rearwardly from the opening16, and forming thcreabove a mixing chamber, there being a series of openings or jet ports 22 extending through the rear portion ofsaid plate B and affording exit for the-atom ized mixture from the recess 21 to the outside rearwardly from said burner.

The .plateB is provided on its upper face with a recess 23 extending centrally and longitudinally from front to rear of said plate to form an air chute to permit air to be fed through the burner to properly mix with the fuel which is projected in jets from the rear of the burner.

In the present embodiment there are provided two levels of fuel jets, although it is understood that any number of levels may be provided without, wholly departing from the spirit of the invention. To form the second row of jets there is positioned on top of the atomizing plate B, a jet plate C having a lower surface that is substantially plane and when positioned on plate B said plate C forms a roof for the recess 23. ,The plate C is provided in its upper surface with a passage 24: and a distributing chamber 18.

at the rear end. Ports 25 in plate B and 25. in plate C communicate with each other and 'with opening 16 in plate A and chamber 13 ings 25 and 26 in the plate C will not be in communication with the air recess 23, but pass up along each side of the same and independent of such recess.

On top of the atomizing plate C is positioned a jet plate D which has an opening 27 therethrough communicating with said ports 25 and with the passage 24. Through the rear intact portion 28 of the plate D there are provided a series of longitudinallyextending jet openings 29.

In practical use the steam ports 19 open direct against the rear under surface of the plate B and the steam ports 26 open direct against the rear under surface of the plate D and the channels 18 and 18 distribute the steam to escape from said channels both back and forward clear across the burner.

On top of the jet plate D is provided the top plate E having a recess 30 communicating-with the opening 27 and opening to the rearof the burner, the margin of the plate E at front and sides forming a tight joint over plate D. The-open rear end of. recess 30 extends across the intact portion 28 of the plate D. i V

The plates A, B, C, D and E are removably and adjustably secured in the housing 1. In the present instance the roof member 2 is provided with three screw-threaded openings 31 adapted to receive setser ws'ea,

the openings 31 being properly spaced from one another so as to afford any manipulation of the setscrews by wrench or the like, and.

also so that the setscrews will engage the greatest surface possible. The setscrews 32 may be of any suitable construction, in the present embodiment having a bolthe'ad to be engaged by a wrench or the like-and having w an engaging pin that is frusto-conical in conformation with its d1m1n1sh1ng end pointing downward. When the plates A, B,

C, D and E are in position for operation the set screws 32 are operated to engage the topmost oil plate E and screwed down sulficiently so that they will frictionally secure the plates in position against displacement.

Ports are provided through which the steam may issue rearwardly to the outside of the burner from between the plates A and B and from between the plates 0 and D.

For this purpose, in the embodiment shown 111 Fig. 1, the rear upper edges of the grooved and recessed plates A and C are filed away at 37, 37 to form thin ports extending nearly across the rear face of the burner and the rear lower edge 38 of the plates B, D is also filed away. The filed edges may be beveled so that the steam will expand rearwardly as desired. The front and side edges or margins 34 and 35 of the plates A and C are in contact with the plates B and D, so as to prevent escape of steam forwardly or sidewise. v

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 6, 15 and 16 liners or thin plates 36 are provided and B and between the plates C and D respectively so as to form requisite spaces between these plates to allow more'steam to escape for a fire of greater volume than is provided for in Figs. 1 to- 5 inclusive. The plates in the embodiment shown in Figs. 6 and 16 may also have their edges filed as in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, but obviously when liners are provided this filing may be dispensed with unless it is desired to glve an upward or downward direction to the expandlng steam; and 1n that case the filing is done according to the results de-' sired. If the steam is to be upwardly directed the rear edge of the upper plate is filed, and vice versa when the steam is to be directed downward.

, The liners 36 may be of various thicknesses in order to adiust the steam spaces to. various sizes as conditions may requireand in accordance with the grade of oil being i used, and various sets of liners of different thicknesses not shown may be kept in a convenient place for the operator to adjust the burner if desired.

The flow'of the oil in practical operation will be readily understood from Figs. 1 and 3, the oil being fed under pressure to the burner through the pipe 8 passes to the.

106 at the front and sides between the plates A chamber 13 in the base 4, thence to the chamher formed by the recess 21 and opening 16, and exit upward therefrom may occur through the vertical openings 25 and 25 to the chamber formed by the passage 24, open ing 27 and recess 30.

The course of the steam may be traced by reference to Figs. l, 3, 6, 15 and 16. The steam passes through the pipe 9 to the cylindrical bore 11, thence through the conduits 20 and openings 19 into opposite ends of channel 18 where it expands across the burner and a portion escapes through ports 37 while another portion flows through passage 17 forward into the chamber formed by the recess 21 and opening 16. From the cylindrical bore 11 steam also passes through the conduits 26, 26, 26 and 26" into the channel 'or recess 18 wherein it expands across the burner, a portion issuing at the port 37 and a portion flowing into the chamber formed by the passage 24, opening 27 and recess 30.

The steam that flows forwardly acts upon the oil fed to the opening 16 and atomizes and thoroughly mixes with the same impartingheat thereto and the mixed oil and steam then pass out to the rear of the burner, some of it in Figs. 1, 2, 3 passing directly through the jet ports 22 and some through the vertical passages formed at 25 and 25 to the chamber 27, 30 where it is further mixed with the steam flowing from recess orpassage 2% and. thence the mixture flows out rearwardly through ports 29 and 30. The rearward rush of the steam from the outlet ports 37, 37 and of the mixture from the outlet ports 22, 29 and 30' entrains air through the channel 23 as well as from the bottom, top and sides of the burner, so that the steam and atomized oil mixture is not only mixed with the air enveloping the outside mixture, but also with air sheering into the center of the mixture from the channel 23.

The burning takes openings 22 and 29.

The upper'oil plate E is completely open at the rear of the housing, so that the steam and oil mixture may nrt only pass through the openings 22 and 29 of theplates B and D respectively, but also throughthis open-- ing in the plate E. This is of advantage in case the openings 22 and 29 may at any time become clogged and carbonized, and thus the fire may still lie maintained through the opening 30 in the plate E.

When the plates through use have become carbonized or clogged-they can easily be replace at the rear of the moved by merely turning the setscrews 32 till the plates are lo se. then removing the same, scraping and cleaning them, and again returning the plates into position, and refastening the screws 32. in this manner a great saving will be possible as the engines equipped with these burners need not be re-- turned to the shop for cleaning, but. can berepaired out on the road with very little delay.

With different grades of oil it may be desirable to supply different quantities of steam as per requirements. WVith the present arrangement if a greater quantity of steam is required it will only be necessary to enlarge the outgoing, opening between the; plates A and B and between the plates C and D, which may very conveniently be done when liners 36 of different thicknessesare at hand, as it will only be necessary to turn the. screws 32 to loosen the plates, then replacing,

the undesired liner 3'6 with the proper liner. 7

and again securing the plates by the screws 32. may be secured and a great saving in .oil made possible. I

By means of the steam pipe passing through the oil pipe on its way to the;

burner, the necessity of heating the oil while still in the storage tank is relieved as the oil will be heated on its way to the burner;

and steam acting on the oil inside the chain here will further heat the oil before arriV ingat the place of combustion.

In the form shown in Figs. 15 and l16the passages 25 are shutoff by walls 39 from communication with the lower vaporizing chamber 21 above thelevel at which the oil may stand in chamber 21' during operation of the burner so that the fluid pressure in chamber 21 acting on the top surface of the liquid fuel at the bottom of such chamber will force liquid fuel, instead of vapor, up the passages 25, 25 into chamber 27.

It is to be notedthat the superposed atomizing, heating, and mixing chambers 21, 27 are preferably rectangularin outline at or above the level at which the atomizing fluid enters; this form and arrangement being regarded as most highly effective for By these adjustments great eiiiciency atomizing and heatingthe oil withinsaid;

chambers.

11; is understood that where desired com- I pressed air maybe applied through the inlets which have been provided for admission of steam to the atomizing chambers, although the use of steam is considerably more desirable on account of the heatingiand atomizing effects upon the Oll.

The outflow of steam or air; if air be used,

at the outlets 37 and87 is in the form of a rearwardly expandingsheet at each outlet and said sheets act to support, tear up and mix therearwardly projected streams or jets of vaporizable body from the outlets 22 and 29 with the entrained air, so that complete combustion may be effected.

The forwardly projecting side Walls 3 of the housing form side guidesto laterally confine the side blast of the expanding streams and jets and to give forward direction to the sides of. such jets and streams.

It is obvious that various changes and modifications in the details of construction of this device may be made Without departing from the scope of the invention.

I claim V V 1. A burner comprising a series of recessed plates; means to detachably hold the plates together to form mixing chambers and outlets therefrom; said plates being removable for cleaning and provided with steam conduits communicating with one another, one of said plates having jet ports opening from its recess and another of said plates having steam ports opening from its recess and communicating with its steam conduit and an intermediate plate between said plates having its recess open to the atmosphere at the end adjacent the jet ports and also at the opposite end.

2. A hydrocarbonburner having a fuel chamber formed by a plurality of shouldered and recessed plates, and an openended housing having side walls that do not extend to the front of. the housing, said plates having their shoulders seated against the front edges of the side walls and being secured in said housing so that they can be removed and cleaned whenever desired.

3. An open-ended housing having a roof and a base and side walls, said base. being provided with an oil chamber and a steam bore,-a"plurality ofsuperposed plates positioned between the roof and the base and removable through the open end of the housing, some of said plates having jet openings communicating with the oil chamber and other of said plates having steam ports com municating with said steam bore, and means to hold the plates in position.

4:. An open-ended housing having a roof and a base and side walls, a plurality of superposed plates positioned between the roof and base and removable through the open end of the housing and seated against the front edges of the side walls, and means to hold the plates in place.

5. A burner .having a mixing chamber formed by a series of plates placed one on top of the other, some of said plates having a series of openings establishing communication from the mixing chamber to the outside of said plates where the combustion takes place, and one of said plates being recessed to form an extended opening leading from said mixing chamber to the outside of said plates which serves to feed fuel to the 45 outside of said plates with said series of mixing chamber so as to effect, aperfect mixture. 7

7. A burner having a base, said base having a chamber formed therein with outwardly and upwardly inclined side walls, 'a fuel pipe having an opening with'upwar'dly inclined sides conforming to said side walls, a series of plates forming a mixing chamber, the chamber in said base serving to estabzlish-communication between said fuel pipe and said mixing chamber.

8. A burner having a base, said basehaving channels, a steam pipe, and'a series of plates forming a mixing chamber, said plates having a series of lateral openings,

said channels and'la'teral openings establishmg communication between said steam pipe andsaid mixing chamber.;

' 9. A burner having a base, said base lhaving channels, a steam pipe, a fuel pipefand series of plates forming a mixing chamber, there being openings in a sad plates, said fchannels and openings establishing communication between said steam and fuel pipes and said mixing chamber.

10. A burner having a base provided with a longitudinal counterbored'channel to receive "concentric fuel and steam pipes, a transverse bore in communication with the counterbored portion of said longitudinal channel, a plurality of plates forming a mixing chamber positioned on top of said base, there beinglateral openings in said base establishing communication between the transverse bore and the mixing chambe formed by said plates.

11. A burner having a mixing chamber formed by a series of plates placed one on top of the other, there being small and large openings provided bv some of said plates establishing communication from the mixing chamber to the outside of said plates where the combustion takes place.

12. A burner comprising superposed plates to form mixing chambers, two of 'said plates being transversely grooved;

means to supply steam to the grooves. said grooves communicating with the mixing chambers respectively; and means to supply hydrocarbon to the mixing chambers respectively; there being outlets from said chambers and grooves rearwardly for exit of fluid.

13. A burner comprising superposed plates to form mixing chambers, two of said plates being transversely grooved; means to supply steam to the grooves, said "grooves communicating with the mixing chambers respectively; and means to supply hydrocarbon to the mixing chambers respectively; there being outlets from said chambers rearwardly for exit of fluid; there also being an air passage formed from front to rear of said burner between said chambers.

14:. A burner having an internal mixing chamber of rectangular form and rearward outlet therefrom, means to supply oil to said mixing chamber and means to supply steam and direct it forwardly in said chamber to act upon the oil insaid chamber to heat and atomize said oil and to expel the product through said outlet.

15. A burner having an internal mixing chamber of rectangular form and a series of ports forming a rearward outlet therefrom, 'means to supply oil to said mixing chamber and means to supply steam. and direct it forwardly in said chamber to act upon the oil in said chamber to heat and atomize said oil and to expel the product through said outlet.

16. A burner having an internal mixing chamber and a rearward outlet therefrom, means to supply oil to said chamber, and means to supply an atomizing fluid to'the chamber, there being a thin slot-like inlet to the chamber through which the atomizing fluid enters, an outlet from the chamber and a thin slot-like outlet for atomizing fluid below said outlet from the chamber the upper edge of said atomizing fluid outlet being bevel. 7

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents.

17 A burner having superposed internal mixing chambers and rearward outlets from said chambers, means to supply liquid fuel to said chambers, and means to supply an atomizing fluid to said chambers, therebe ing an air passage through the'burner from front to rear to supply air on the rear side of the burner between the outlets from said s chambers.

18. A burner having superposed internal" burner between the outlets from said chambers, and means to discharge atomizing fluid 5 rearwardly from said burner below the rearward outlets respectively;

19. A burner comprising superposed plates and a housing 1n which said plates are secured; said plates being provided with chambers and affording outlets from the chambers 'rearwardly; the housing being open at its rear side and having side walls extending rearwardly beyond the plates to i receive the s ide blast from the jets or streams of expansive fluid issuing from the burneroutlets.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Guadalajara, J al., Mexico, this 20th day of April, 1914.

FRANK WV. SCHU.

In presence of J .A. SMALL, G. M. WOODYARD;

Washington, D. C.

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