US1165855A

US1165855A - Fuel-pump for internal-combustion engines.

Info

Publication number: US1165855A
Application number: US75425713A
Authority: US
Inventors: Heinrich Dechamps
Original assignee: General Electric Co
Current assignee: General Electric Co
Priority date: 1913-03-14
Filing date: 1913-03-14
Publication date: 1915-12-28
Anticipated expiration: 1932-12-28

Description

H.DECHAMPS. I FUEL PUMP FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAR- I4| I9I3. Patented Dec. 28, 1910.

' 3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

Witnesses; Inventor: 77 I Heinricly Decpamps,

2.2 2; fi fiwflohm;

His u ttor-ney H. DECHAMPS.

FUEL PUMP FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICAIION FILED MAR.14, I913.

Patented Dec. 28, 1915.

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nnnvnion DECHAIVIPS, or

"eno'r'rinnm ELEGTREC Conner-W, e.

it NET- Y FUEL-FUN? F93 Ilxl'ifllllfiillh-GOEZBUSTIUN EIMGINES gums-murmur messes.

Application filed March 14%, 1.913.

To all "whomit may concern:

Be it known that I, Hummer; DECHAMl-S, a snbjeet of the King of Prussia, residing at Charlottenhurg, Germany, have invented certain new .and useful lmprovem in Fuel-Pumps for lnternal-Comlmstion En gines, of which the following is a specif. tion.

The present invention relates to pumps for supplying liquid fuel to internal combustion engines, and more especially to pumps for supplying fuel to lgh cmupression engines wherein n charge of i compressed to a. temperature above the niting temperature of the fuel and into which the fuel is injected.

The object of my invention is to improve the construction and governing mechanism for such pumps, and for a consideration of what ll believe to be novel and my invention ettentionis directed to the aecompanying' description and claims appended thereto.

In the accompanying drawing is illustrated one of the embodiments of my n1- vention wherein,

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the pump taken in the plane of the pump; Fig. 2 is a detailed view in cross section of the s eed governor; Fig. 3 is a cross section of the pump taken in the plane of the eccentric which actuates the plungers; Fig. at is a section taken on the line l-e of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional view taken in "a plane passing through the actuating means of the suction valves; Fig. 6 is a de tailed view showing the arrangement of :a suction valve lifter and itsactuator; Fig. 7 is a similar view showing parts in a slightly different position, and Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the crank shaft for adjusting the action of the suction valve actuator.

10 indicates the shaft for driving the fuel pumps, and the same shaft may be utilized if desired to operate the cams controlling the admission of fuel to the engine cylinders. This shaft is located. within a suitable housing. 11 that is supported by the engine frame. Mounted on the shaft is a driving gear 12 which receives its motion fromgearing actuated by the main shaft of the engine. Mounted .on the right-hand face of the gear and secured to it by bolts is a support 13. Pivotally mounted on the support are two weight erms 14: whose Specification of Letters Patent.

no. "/seee'z.

:1 at =rmnged on opposite sides of the shaft so as to insure corresponding movements of h oth weights and also to avoid any tendency 'i'l ieht arms are made in the form of hell-cranh levers 20 which are provided with pins 21 that engage shoulders :r'ormed on the sliding sleeve the latter bein arranged to move lengthwise on the shaft 10 as the speed of the engine changes under varying loads. 0n the right-hand end ofthe sleeve ere collars 23 that engage pins 2% can ried by the hell-crank .lever 25, the latter being supported by a pivot 26 carried by the housing 11. The long arm'of the lever is provided with e forl: which engages the pin for the purpose of controlling the op eration of the suction valves of the pumps, as will appear more fully hereinafter.

Mounted on the shaft 10 is an eccentric 28, and surrounding it is an eccentric strap having a rod formed integral with its lower part. To the lower end of the rod is attached a slotted crosshead 30 of cylindrical form. The rod and cross-head are united by a pin 31, shown. in dotted lines. The lower end of the crosshead is provided with two side opening slots 32 in which are located the heads of the pump plungers 33.

Each of these plungers is provided with two heads that engage the cross-head to prevent independent movement thereof inthe direction of their lengths. The plungers, however, capable of moving slightly in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the cross-head to compensate for'any inaccuracies in machine work. The guide 34 of the cross-head is formed in a casting that is secured to the housing by bolts 35. These bolts also serve to hold the casing 36 containing the pump cylinders in place.

The arrangement of the pump plungers and cylinders is best shown in Fig. 4 wherein 33 indicates the plungers and 37 one of the cylinders. Each cylinder is provided with a sujctlonFmlve 38 and a dis 61 and arm 6% increases the effective Idelivthe control of the cry of fue It sometimes happens that it necessary ordesirable to shut down the engine quickly, on the one hand, or to insure maximum delivery of fuel to the engine, on the other, as in'starting. To accomplish these results it is necessary to provide a means for taking pumps away from the accomplish this in the present instance by providing a hand lever 65 which is loosely mounted on the crankshaft 57. it is provided with a spring latch 66 that engages a toothed sector 67, the latter being carried by a triangular frame 68 which is bolted to the back of the casing 36. I This frame has a lateral extension 69, Fig. 5, which forms a bearingfor the shaft 57. As, before stated the arm 64 is fast on the shaft and the handle 65 loose thereon.

speed governor. l

Between these parts are

jaws

70 and 71 that are separated by relatively small spaces 72, the whole forming a lost motion connection permitting the arm 6 to be moved by the governor without regard to the handle over a predetermined limited range. Assuming now that it is desired to shut down the en glue, the handle is moved to its lowest position which first takes up the lost motion or space 72 and thereafter turns the crankshaft 57 in the direction to move the actuator 59 to its extreme left-hand position, (2., where it will hold the suction valves oil of their seats and hence no fuel can pass to the engine. This movement of the handle 65 is permitted by the spring 62 which flexibly connects the speed governor lever with the arm 64:. On the other hand, if a maximum supply of fuel is required the handle 65 is moved upwardly first taking up the lost inotion and subsequently moving the actuator 59 to a position where it will release the suction valves at the. beginning of the plunger strokes or else to a position where it has no control whatever on said valves. The handle is normally set in some mid-position Where it does not interfere with the automatic action of the speed governor, and the spaces 72 should be calculated and arranged with this in view.- 3

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the principle of operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which, I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but i desire to have it"understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative and that the invention can be carried out by other means. I i i What 1 claim as new and desire to secure by Letters'Patent of the United States, is

1. in a pump, the combination of a cylinder, suction and discharge valves therefor,

a. plunger, member for actuating the plunger, said member being provided with. a cam surface, a lifter for the suction valve, and an actuator for the lifter, said actuator being provided with an adjustable fulcrum and having free end which extends into the path of movement of the cam surface on said member.

2. In :1 pi p, the combination of a cylin' der, suction and discharge valves therefor,- a plunger, a cross-head for actuating the. plunger, a lifter that always tends to raise the suction valve, an actuator for moving the lifter in a direction to release the valve. adjustable fulcrum for the actuator, and a cam carried \by the cross-head which engages the free end of the actuator for moving it against the action of the lifter.

3. in a pump, the combination of a cylinder, suction and discharge valves therefor, 21 plunger, a reciprocating cross-head to which plunger is detacliably secured, means ror imparting movement to the cross head, a cam face formed on the cross-head, an actuator, one end of which is located in the path of travel of said cam, an adjustable fulcrum for the other end of the actuator, and a lifter for the suction valve which tends at all times to raise the valve from its seat, is located in the path of movement of said actuator, and is moved thereby in a direction to release the valve and permit it to seat; y

4. in a pump, the combination of a cylinder, suction and discharge valves therefor, a cross-head, a plunger that is attached to the crosslead and is positively moved thereby, an eccentric and rod for reciprocating the cross-head, a cam face on the cross head situated at one side of the plunger, an actuator. that is moved in one direction by the cam, an adjustable fulcrum for the actuator, and a lifter which tends at all times to hold the suction valve open and engages the actuator and holds it in engagement with the cam.

5. In a pump, the combination of acylinder, suction and discharge valves therefor, a plunger, means for reciprocating it, a lifter for the suction valve biased to a position to hold it open, an actuator separate from and located in the path of movement of said by the governor, an eccentric driven by the shaft, a cross-head actuated by the eccentric, a cam on the cross-head, acylinder, suction and discharge valves therefor, a plunger moved by the cross-head, a-lifter for the 3 suction valve that tends at-all times to hold it open, a device vvhich engages the litter and the cam, a pivot therefor, and means actuated by the governor sleeve for changin the position of the pivot. 4

a governor mounted thereon, a sleeve moved by the governor, an eccentric driven by the shaft, a cross-head actuated by the eccentric, a beveled-faced cam'on the cross-head, a cylinder, suction discharge valves therefor, a plunger moved by the cross-head, a lifter for the suction valve, a device which en ages the litter and causes it to release the valve and is. moved by the cam, a crankshaft whose crank supports one end of said device, a lever moved by the governor sleeve, an arm on the shaft, and a connection between the lever and the arm to change the angular position of said crank 8. In a pump, the combination of a drivin shaft, a housing therefor, an eccentric driven by the shaft, a cross-head actuated by the eccentric, a means supported by the housing and forming a guide for the cross head, a pump casing, devices for attaching the means and casing to the housing, a cylinder in the casing, suction and discharge valves for the cylinder that are contained in the casing, a lifter for the suction valve, an actuator which engages one end of the lifter and also the cross-head, a pivot for the actuator, and means for adjusting the pivot to change the effective action of the cross-head on the actuator and lifter.

- 9. ln a-pump, the combination of a casing containing a cylinder, suction and discharge valves therefor, a plunger, a cross-head for actuating the plunger, a cam 'for the crosshead, a litter for the suction valve comprising a head, an adjustable stop thereon, a rod attached to the head and extending through the casing and a spring that tends at all times to raise the head and suction valve, a device that extends across onecnd of the rod and engages the cam at its free end, and an adjustable pivot for the other end of the device.

l0. lln a pump, the combination of a. cas- 4 in a pump, the combination of a shaft,

ing containing cylinders, suction and discharge valves for each cylinder, plungers for the cylinders located s1de by side, a

cross-head that is common to the plungers and to which they are detachably secured, a.

cam on the cross-head that is located between the plungers, a lifter that is commonto all of the suction valves, a device that'extends across one end of the lifter into en gagement with the cam, and an adjustable actuating the plunger, a lifter for the su'c-] v tion valve, an actuator therefor which is moved by the member, a means for adjusting the position of the actuator to change its effect on the lifter, a governor for actuating the means, and a manually-actuated device for modifying the action of the governor on the actuator.

12. in a pump, the combination of a cylinder, suction and discharge valves therefor, a plunger, means for movmg the plunger, means for actuating and controlling the suction valve, a. speed governor, a connection between "the means and the governor which includes an elastic element, and a hand-lever Which acts on said means through a lost motion connection.

13. In a pump, the combinationof a cylinder, suction and discharge-valves therefor, a plunger, means for moving the plunger, a suction valve lifter, a device moving in synchronism with the plunger, a crank-shaft that supports one end of the device, an arm on the shaft, a speed govevnorfjanelastic connection between the gdvernor'rand' said arm, a handle loosely mounted on jthe shaft and acting on the arm through a lost-motion connection.

In Witness whereof, I halve hreunto set my hand this 21st day of F eltlruary, 1913.

HEINRICH D ECHAMPS l vitnesses:

BERNHARD KRAMER, ALFRED Ki'irrnn.