US1164039A

US1164039A - Digging-machine.

Info

Publication number: US1164039A
Application number: US2800015A
Authority: US
Inventors: Carl Gust Von Post
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1915-05-14
Filing date: 1915-05-14
Publication date: 1915-12-14
Anticipated expiration: 1932-12-14

Description

C. G. VON POST.

DIGGING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 14, I9I5.

1 ,1 64,039, Patented Dec. 14, 1915.

COLUMBIA PLANOGEAPH CD" WASHWI, D. C.

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DIGGING-MACI-IINE.

7 To all whom it may concern I Be it known that I, can Gus'rar von Posr, subject of the King of Sweden, residing at 3 Blasieholmsgatan, tockholm, Sweden, have invented new and useful Improvements in Digging-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

For cultivating earth, there are at present in use engine-driven implements and machines the Operative members of which consist of forks, spades and thelike. In some of these machines, the said operative members obtain their motion from cranks on power-driven shafts in such manner, that the cranks support and guide the members at their lower ends, while the upper ends only of said members are guided by arms swinging around fixed points. Arrange ments are also known in which the operative members of the digging machines are actuated by cranks or eccentrics, etc., at their 7 lower as well as at their upper ends, the

eccentrics then, however, engaging the member directly only at the upper end, while the motion is communicated to the lower end through levers of. a more or less complicated nature. In digging machines of these types the following inconveniences haveoccurred. The movement of the'digging member is improper in that it gives the said member more or less of a scraping instead of a digging action, and in piercing the earth the member goes backward too much which causes great losses of power. If grass tufts, stones or other objects stick to the forks forming the digging members, they cannot 'be removed except by hand, which is a great inconvenience as itis desirable that the machine should need only one person for its attendance. U

The present invention relates to a digging machine of the kind in which the digging member is actuated by a pair of cranks, eccentrics or the like, each having a separate driving shaft, and in which a suitable motion of the digging member, without the aforesaid drawbacks, is effected by such an arrangement that the said member, at 1ts upper end, is actuated by. one crank dlrectly,

or by a link or the like, and at its lower end directly by the other crank, the cranks being rotated with the same angular speed.

The invention also relates to a cleaning device, the cleaning members of which have such a position as to remove clods, which 7 Specification of Letters Patent. Patented DQQ, 111, 1915, Application as May 14, 1915. Serial No. 28,000.

may have stuck to the digging member, as the latter leaves the. earth, or afterward.

in the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 shows in a side view, partially in section, the parts of a digging machine necessary to illustrate the invention. Fig. 2 shows one ,of the digging members from the rear side. F 1g. 3 1s a. plan view corresponding to Fig.

which carries a bearing 6 for the crank 3 and a guide bearing 7 for the end journal of a pitman 8 which connects the yoke 5 to the crank 4e.

9 is the shank of either digging member 10 which consists of a fork, see Fig. 2. The said shank 9 is movable in guides in the yoke 5. V 7 i1 is a compression spring surrounding the shank and resting, at one end, against the upperpart of the yoke 5 andat the other against a flange 18, adjustable along the shank by means of a nut. The said spring thus has a tendency to keep the fork 10 in its extreme position with relation to the yoke 5.

I9 is a second spring arranged on the shank 9 and resting against the lower portion of theyoke and against the aforesaid nut so as to absorb the shock from the adjusting nut when the fork 10, after being pressed into the yoke, for instance by hitting a stone, is forced outward again by the spring 11.

12 is a protecting sleeve surrounding the springs 11, 19, the shank 9 and cooperating parts so as to prevent earth, etc., from entering thereinto.

13 are cleaning members secured to the frame A, the arrangement and shape of said members being adapted to the nature of the digging member. In the form shown, the cleaning members consist of pins 13 which are so curved and positioned relative to the path of the fork as to penetrate between the claws thereof during the upward movement of said fork, and thus remove stones and the like during its return movement.

The shafts 1 and 2 may be driven in any thev following manner. During the slmul- .taneous rotation of the cranks 3, at in the;

direction of the arrows the point of the fork 10 is moved in the path marked by =5 the dash and dotted line a bca While the upper part of the fork is moved in a 'pathmarked by the line d ef-d. From the drawing it is seen that the fork strikes the earth surface substantially in a vertical 2o directionand then is successively inclined by the action of the upper crank t so as to be almost horizontal in its final position. Meanwhile the different portions of the claws more, as stated, along the lines L35 ab'c and Z..e-f. The cleaning pins 13 which are curved along a circulararc are preferably so arranged as to enter between the claws of the fork at their upper portion, so as not to move the clod on the fork.

30 When the latter is returned from its extreme right position to the substantially vertical initial position, the two portions thereof above referred to move along the lines -a and f-(Z, thus in quite other 3 paths than before. During the movement,

the pins 13 clean the fork on its whole length. The returning to the initial position takes place very rapidly. The pins 13, v as they clean the claws of the fork, also "40 facilitate the overturning of the clod, be-

cause as the latter during the movement comes opposite the pins 13 these will prevent it from falling back again toward the machine. If this were not prevented, the clod would be displaced. and might be overturned during the next digging operation.

If the fork in piercing the earth hits a hard object for instance a stone, its move ment is checked and the spring 11 com- I be pressed. The guide yoke 0, however, ob-

viously continues its motion unaffected under the action of the crank 3 and pitman 8, which has proved necessary for obtaining an even or homogenous work.

The path in which the fork is moved obviously depends: upon the mutual position and distance between the shafts 1 and 2 and on the lengths and mutual angular positions of the cranks 3 and at. The said path there- 6 fore can be adjusted in a suitable manner 6 tooloperated by hand, and thus the digging operation requires the smallest possible power, which is of great importance for the" econom cal use of the machlne.

The motion of'the digging member is effected by means of the yoke 5, the upper. portion of which is actuated by the crank at by means of the pitman or link 8, while the lower portion is directly actuated by the crank 3. The link 8, however, can be' left out, so that also'the crank twill directly actuate the yoke.' Such a form is shown inFig; 4. One offthe crank pins (the upper one inthe idrawing) then is provided with a guide'head which is slidably mounted in. a longitudinal groove 20 in the yoke 5-, whereby a slotted link 'con-' Having n'ow particularly described the nature of my invention and the manner of its operation, what I claim is:

1. In a digging machine, a fork-like digging-member, two power-actuated crank devices operating said member, thereby imparting thereto a reciprocating movement in a curved path, and a comb-like cleaning device so arranged relatively to the path of the digging member that the teeth of the comb-like cleaning device at the beginning of the ret'ractive movement of the digging member, will be engagement with the claws of the latter at the base thereof.

2. In a digging machine, a fork-like digging-'n ieinbe'r, two power-actuated crank devices operating said member, thereby imparting thereto a reciprocating movement in acurved path, a comb-like cleaning device soar-ranged relatively to the path of the dig- 'ging member that the teeth ofthe comb-like cleaning device at the beginning of theretractive movement of the digging member,

will be in engagement with the claws of the latter atthe base thereof, whereby not to' remove the clod from the fork-like digging member, continued movement of said digging member to its initial position'causing forcing said digging member toan engaging position and means acting beneath said last-mentioned spring means to cushion the impact of the digging member and to absorb shocks during the operative movethereof. a

3. In a digging machine, a frame, curved cleaning members rigidly secured to and depending from the frame, a pair of power shafts suitably driven, said shafts being supported upon the frame and provided with cranks arranged to rotate at the same angular speed, a yoke supported in an inclined position upon the frame, a fork-like digging member having a shank portion slidable in the yoke, said cranks having connection with the yoke and means cooperative with the shank of the digging member to force the latter into engaging position, said digging member durmg the operation thereof by the cranks taking a downward path while extending in a vertical direction and moving upwardly to gradually assume a substantially. horizontal position with the cleaning members passing between the tines thereof at their upper portions to prevent removal of the clod from the digging member, and to return in a downward and upward curved path to again assume a vertical position with the cleaning members traversing the length of the tines thereof whereby to remove the clod therefrom prior to the next digging operation.

4. A digging machine, comprising a supporting frame, a pair of power shafts supported upon the frame and having cranks suitably rotated at the same angular speed, a yoke for each pair of cranks ofrthe respective shafts, pitman connecting the upper-- most of the cranks to the respective yokes near the upper ends of the latter, the other cranks being situated beneath the aforesaid cranks and being connected to the lower portions of the respective yokes, digging memlers having shank portions longitudinally slidable in the respective yokes between the upper and lower portions of the latter, springs mounted on the shanks between the upper ends of the yokes and the lower portions thereof, adjustable stop members mounted on the shanks and engaged by the lower ends of said springs for adjusting the tension of the latter, cushioning springs mounted between said stops and the lower portions of the yokes to absorb shocks by the impact of said stop member thereagainst under the action of the aforesaid spring, and

a protecting sleeve surrounding said springs and shanks between the portions of said yokes.

5. A digging machine, comprising a supporting frame, a pair of power shafts supported from the frame and having cranks suitably rotated at the same angular speed, a yoke for each pair of cranks of the respec tive shafts, pitman connecting the uppermost of the cranks to the respective yokes near the upper ends of the latter, the other cranks being situated beneath the aforesaid cranks and being connected to the lower portions of the respective yokes, digging members having shank portions longitudinally slidable in the respective yokes between the upper and lower portions of the latter, springs mounted on the shanks between the upper ends of the yokes and the lower portions thereof, adjustable stop members mounted on the shanks and engaged by the lower ends of said springs for adjusting the tension of the latter, cushioning springs mounted between said stops and the lower portions of the yokes to absorb shocks by the impact of said stop member thereagainst under the action of the aforesaid spring, said digging members having fork-like portions adapted to be disposed in substantially vertical positions prior to the penetration of the earth and to move in a downward and upward arcuate path whereby to assume substantially horizontal position and to return in an independent arc above the arc constituting the operative path of the digging member, to again assume said substantially vertical position, and cleaning members cooperating with the digging members to pass between the forks thereof near their bight portions during the latter portion of the operative movement of the digging member and to traverse the path of the claws thereof during the return movements of the digging members as aforesaid.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CARL GUST. VON POST.

Witnesses:

H. HAMMAR, ADA SIMON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

' Washington, D. G.