US1157111A - Electric cooking-range. - Google Patents

Description

w. 1. KEEP. ELECTRIC comma RANGE.

APPLXCATION FILED DEC.Z6, i914.

Patented Oct. 19, 1915.

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APPLICATION FILED Diazs, I9I4.

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APPucATloN 11110 [1150.26.1914.

1,157,1 1 1. Patented 001. 19, 1915.

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W. J. KEEP.

ELECTRIC COOKING RANGE.

APPLCTION FILED DEC. 25,1914. 1,1 57,1 1 1 Patented Oct. 19, 1915.

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APPLlcATloN FILED 950.213.1914.

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APPLICATION FILED DEC. 26,1914. 1,157,1 1 1 Patented Oct. 19, 1915.

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ELECTRIC COOKING RANGE.

APPLICATION FILED DEc.zs, 1914.

1 1 57, 1 1 1 Patent-ed GCI. 19, 1915.

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WILLIAM J'. KEEP, OF DETROIT, MICI-IIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO TI-IE MICHIGAN STOVE COMPANY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

ELECTRIC COOKING-RANGE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 19, 1915.

T0 all whom t may concern Be it known that I, IVILLIAM J. KEEP, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Cooking-Ranges, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to the art of electric cooking ranges and has special reference to improvements in the construction of such ranges, whereby the same shall possess, to the highest degree attainable, safeguards precluding short circuits, heating element insuring expeditious cooking with a minimum expenditure of current, and indicating devices that simplify the use of the range.

A further object of this invention is to provide a range structure embodying a cooking top, a main oven, a broiler, and a warming oven, all constructed and assembled upon a profitable manufacturing basis that insures a maximum heat efficiency in the preparation of food. The cooking top, ovens and broiler include armored heating elements of novel design and construction, and associated with these elements is a terminal box and indicating devices having individual characteristics that will hereinafter appear as the nature of the range is better understood.

The essential features of the range, as enumerated above, will be hereinafter specifically described and then claimed, and reference will now be had to the drawings showing a practical embodiment of the invention, wherein- Figure 1 is a plan of the electric cooking range showing the heating element of the warming oven in dotted lines; Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the range illustrating controlling and indicating devices thereof; Fig.

.3 is a horizontal sectional view of the main oven of the range, taken on or about the line III-III of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the oven, taken on or about the line IV-IV of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional view of the same, taken on or about the line V-V of Fig. 1; Fig. 6 is a plan of the terminal box and conduits thereof; Fig. '7 is a front elevation of the same showing its position relative to the cooking top of the range; Fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the terminal box; Fig. 9 is an enlarged detail of a portion of the same, showing one of the combined switches and indicating devices; Fig. 10 is a front elevation of the same; FiO'. 11 is a. plan of a cooking top heating element, partly broken away; Fig. 12 is a front elevation of the same, partly broken away and partly in section; Fig. 13 is a cross sectional view of the heating element taken on the line XIII- XIII of Fig. 11; Fig. 14- is a sectional view taken on or about the line XIV-XIV of Fig. 11; Fig. 15 is a perspective view of an end of a heating unit adapted to form part of the heating element; Fig. 16 is a plan of the heating element especially designed for the main oven and broiler, showing the same partly broken away; Fig. 17 is a front elevation of the same, partly broken away and partly in section; Fig. 18 is a cross sectional view of the same taken on the line XVIII- XVIII of Fig. 16; Fig. 19 is an enlarged sectional view taken on the line XIX-XIX of Fig. 1G; Fig. 20, is an enlarged cross sectional view taken on the line XX XX of Fig. 16; Fig. 21, is a plan of an end of a. heating unit of the heating element, and Fig. is a diagrammatic view of the wiring or electrical connection of the various heating elements, controlling and indicating devices.

In describing the invention by aid of the views above referred to, I desire to point out that I intend the same as merely illustrative of an example whereby my invention may be applied in practice, and I do not care to confine myself to the precise construction and arrangement of parts shown. The following description is therefore to be broadly construed as including substitute constructions and arrangements of parts which are the obvious equivalents of those to be hereinafter referred to.

Considering Figs. 1 to 8 inclusive, the electric cooking range comprises an oblong horizontally disposed casing having a bottom plate 1, end walls 2 and 3, a rear wall si, a front wall 5, and a top plate 6, said plate closing approximately one half the casing at an end there-ef and constituting a cooking top.7 it the opposite end ot the casing, the end wall 3 and the rear wall il: are previded with vertical extensions 7 and 3 cooperating with a transverse wall 9, a top plate 10, a horizontal partition 11 and front wall 12 in forming an oven housing, which is superimposed relative to the range casing. The even housing accommodates the main oven, to be hereinafter referred to, and the range casing has a hinged transverse partition 13 dividing the casing into two compartments, the compartment beneath the oven housing serving' as a warming oven.

The range casing is supported by suitable legs 1l, and the top plate G of said casing has a rectangular opening 15, and depending ledges 1G and 17 at the edges of said opening. The ledge 1G accommodates-the depending flanges of a grid plate 18 having rectangular openings 19. Below the openings 19 are drip pans 20 removably held by cleats 21 connected to the bottom side of the ledge 17 and to a transverse terminal member 22, that is in a horizontal plane with the ledge 17 and cooperates therewith in supporting heating elements for the cooking top. A heating element is located in each of the openings 19 of the grid plate 13 and the heating surface of each element is slightly above the top surface of the grid plate 1S whereby a utensil can be easily placed upon the heating element.

Reference will now be had to Figs. 11 to 15 inclusive showing one of the heating elements of the cooking top, and in constructing and designing the elements l have aimed to provide a unitary structure that can be bodily removed from the top plate should occasion se require and in designing the element the exposed surfaces thereof have been given such shape as to deflect or shed grease, liquid and foreign matter which may be deposited upon the same. The .various units of the element are armored and provision is made to eliminate buckling and to compensate for expansion and contraction without disturbing terminals of the units or impairing electrical connections thereof.

The heating element comprises a rectangular frame having front and rear rails 55 connected by side bars 23 and supports 24k and 25. The upper faces of the side bars 23 are convex and provided with spaced apertured bosses 26. The apertures 27 of said bosses are in communication with pockets 2S in the under sides of the bars 23 and mounted in the apertures 27 are metallic eyelets 29 having smooth bores. rPhe eyelets 29 are insulated from the side bars 23 by mica washers 30 and 31 at the flanged ends of the eyelets. rlhe mica washers 31 rest upon the bosses 2G and the pockets 28 house the mica washers 30 and small metallic washers 32 employed. to prevent the washers 30 from being injured when the ends of' the eyelets are upset er flanged.

Loosely mounted in the eyelets 29 are the threaded shanlis 33 of terminals 311. rl`he terminals are in the form of screws having nuts adjacentthe heads thereof, that rest upon the upper ends of the eyelets 29. rllhe nuts 35 cooperate with washers 3G in retaining bridge pieces 37, terminal wires 3S, and the ends of heating units in position.

Each heating unit comprises a strip of non-conducting material 39, as mica, and wound around said strip is a resistance 'coil 40 that has the end convolutions thereof terminating beyond the ends of the mica strip. lnclosing the ends of the mica strip and the ends of the resistance coil are binding pieces Ll1 apertured as at -ii2 to receive the shanks 33 of the terminals 34:. lnclosing the mica strip 39, the resistance coil 1-0 and the inner ends of the binding pieces 4-1, is a casing 43, preferably of mica. Surrounding the ends et the mica casing -13 are short flexible armor sleeves -14 and connecting said flexible armor sleeves is a rigid armor Ll5.

The supports 2-1 and 25 are elevated relative to the front and rear rails 55 in order to support the units in a plane above the grid plate 13 and in consequence of this arrangement it is necessary to malte the sleeve la of flexible material in order that the ends of each unit can be bent downwardly toward the terminals The downwardly bent sleeves it tend to deflect liquid and to prevent liquid from passing on to the binding pieces -l-1, the outer ends ot the sleeves i are enlarged to accommodate a non-conducting cement -l-G upon the upper side of the casing Gutters L117 are thus formed at the ends of each unit to carry off any liquid that tends to flow toward the outer ends of' the sleeves 44. [i similar cement is also placed at the juncture of the sleeve 44 and the armor L15 to prevent moisture from entering the ends of the armor, and the unit in its entirety is positively protected. from the action of moisture.

The heating units are arranged in parallelism. as best shown. in Fig. 11 an(v tapped into the support are screws 413, the heads of' which overlie the edges of the units intermediate the ends thereof. and prevent buckling or distortion. The flexible downwardly bent ends of the units permit for eX- pansion and contraction.y and should the usefulness of a unit be impaired, it is an eX- tremely easy matter to remove the injured unit without disturbing the other unit.

To protect the terminals 31- and the binding pieces 41 from the effects of liquid or iso LA l

other foreign matter, hoods or covers 49 are employed. These hoods have deflecting surfaces 50 and 51, the latter in the form of a gutter having drain spouts 52 between the heating units whereby liquid or other matter deposited upon the hood will drain into the drip pans 20. The hoods or covers are held between studs or pins 53 at the ends of the side bars 23 and said side bars are supported on the ledge 17 and prevented from becoming accidentally displaced by positioning pins or lugs 54C engaging in openings provided therefor in the ledge.

ln the range casing, below the cooking top and contiguous to the front wall 5, is a terminal box including novel conduits and indicating devices. The terminal box is a bench-made proposition, that is, the various devices and structural elem-ents entering into the make up of the terminal box are asseinbled prior to being placed in the range casing, consequently the terminal box can be bodily handled and its installation quickly accomplished. With this same end in view, certain conduits are integral with a switch plate and disposed so that easy access can be had to the same. rlhe conduits are designed to deflect and shed liquid and thereby protect electrical connections in said conduits.

The front wall 5 of the range casing has an oblong opening 5G and secured to the inner side of said wall, as at 57 are the apertured lugs 5S of a switch plate 59. The upper part of the switch plat-e is formed with a plurality of pockets 60 and communicating with the outer ends of said pockets are switches 6l connected to the plate 59 by screw bolts (32. The inner ends of the pockets 60 are in communication with conduits generally designated 63, 6st, G5 and 66. Each conduit comprises a channel member 67 and a cover 68, said cover projecting beyond the edges of the channel member to prevent liquid from entering said member. The channel members of the conduits 63, 64 and 65 are integral with a connecting bar 69, which is secured to the inner side of the switch plate 59, as at 170. The conduits 63, 6i and G5 converge and are integral with a central conduit having for its lid or cover the transverse terminal member 22. The central conduit 70 has a branch 71 in communication with one of the pockets 60, said branch conduit having a detachable lid or cover 72, which also forms an end of the central conduit 70. This is best shown in Fig. 8.

The terminal member 22 is provided with openings 73 communicating with openings in blocks 74 secured to the member 22, said blocks being made of porcelain or other insulation material. rlhe terminal wires 38 extend through the blocks of insulation 7st into the central conduit 70 and to their respective switches through the medium of the conduits (33, 6i, 65 and 7l. The central conduit 70 has an opening 75 intermediate the ends thereof and this opening communicates with a transverse conduit 76 secured to and supported by the central conduit 70. The transverse conduit 7 (i, for the greater part of its length, is an inverted channel member that sheds liquid from terminal wires 77 connecting the outer sides of the heating ele-ments and switches G1.

The switches 61 are of a conventional form, preferably the rotary type, having a plurality of contacts 7S, a central spindle 79, and spring actuated blades S0 adapted to engage the contacts 7S and establish independent circuits. ln order thatthis type of switch can be conveniently used in connection with the range, it is necessary to prolong the spindle 79 of the switch and this is accomplished by placing a member Sl in screw threaded engagement with the spindle. A split washer 82 is clamped between the spindle 79 and the member S1 to rotate therewith and said split washer has an arm 83 extending into a. recess S-l of an indieating member 85 loosely mounted upon the member 8l. The indicating member 85 is cylindrical and extends through an opening S6 in a stationary dial plate 87 secured over the upper part of the opening 56 of the front wall The stationary dial plate 87 is preferably connected to apertured lugs 88 of the switch plate 59, and the walls of the opening S6 are adapted to brace the indicating member 85 should the member 8l be subjected to stresses and strains or an accidental blow. The outer end of the member 85 has a pointer or indicator S9 movable in front of the dial plate S7, and said plate is embossed or marked with such designations as Off, l Full, Medium (Med), Low,77 said designations corresponding to the four contacts of the rotary switch.

An operating button 90 is mounted upon the outer end of the member 8l whereby a rotary movement can be imparted to the spindle 79 and as said spindle is rotated, the arm 83 of the washer 82 imparts movement to the indicating member S5. Simultaneous with this operation, a spring 91 connected to the washer S2 is placed under tension. Vhen the spindle 79 has been rotated a quarter of a revolution, and the pointer or indicator S9 positioned at one of the designations of the dial plate S7, then the tension of the spring 91 is released and said spring shifts the blades SO of the switch. lt is therefore apparent that the pointer er indicator 89 moves in advance of an actuation of the blades 80, it being possible to place the pointer indicator at a designation before the switch snaps and completes or breaks a desired circuit. lt is therefore apparent that an operator of the range must swing the pointer 89 to a desired position before the switch is actually operated,consequently a movement of the pointer must be fully determined and actually accomplished before there is a change in heat. lith the pointer 89 large and of a decided color, as black, against the nickel plated and highly polished surface of the dial plate S7, the position of the pointer can be readily observed from a distance and should the operator of the switch inadvertently turn the button 90 counter clockwise, the button or the member 81 will unscrew and thereby prevent possible injury to the switch.

Associated with the stationary dial plate 87 is a hinged dial plate 92, carried by the front wall 5. This dial plate closes the remainder of the opening` 5G and is provided with such designations as left back, right back, left front" and right front, these designations being associated with the heating elements of the cooking top; also baking and broiler, associated with heating elements of the main oven of the range. The hinged plate `92 is retained in a closed position by a turn button 93 or suitable fastening means, and said plate is hinged whereby easy access can be had to the lower part of the switch plate 59, which is provided with a plurality of plug fuse blocks 94:, one for each switch. The fuse blocks 91 have connections 95 with the switches G1 and one of said fuse blocks has connections 96 with a socket 97, carried by the front wall 5 of the range. This socket permits of an electrical connection for operating electrical devices, for instance, an electric iron.

Connected to the plug fuse blocks 9-/l are bus bars 98 connected to a cartridge fuse block 99, carried by a transverse wall 100 supported by the switch plate 59. Service wires to the cartridge fuse block 99 can enter the range casing at any desirable point, preferably through the bottom plate 1 contiguous to the wall 100.

By reference to Figs. 7 and 8, it will be observed that the accessories of the terminal box are snugly and compactly arranged and that the switch plate 59 is designed whereby positive electrical connections can be made between the switches, the heating elements and the fuse blocks. A portion of the switch plate 59 is oflset in order that the switches 61 controlling the baking and broiler circuits can be of larger size than the remainder of the switches, since the heatingelements of the oven, to be hereinafter described require a greater voltage than the heating elements of the cooking top.

In the oven housing is an inner shell or oven proper that s spaced from the rear, side, top and bottom walls of the housing and comprises side walls 101 and 102, a rear wall 103 and top and bottom walls 101 and 105 respectively. These walls are comparatively thick relative to the housing walls and form a rectangular compartment in communication with a doorway 10G in the front wall 12. The walls 101 to 105 inclusive are made of cast aluminum, which possesses characteristics indispensable in an oven heated by electricity. In the first place, cast aluminum of considerable thickness will hold more heat than any common metal and to melt it, aluminum absorbs as much heat as cast iron, though its melting point by a pyrometer is only 1100. On account of the high specific heat of aluminum, the walls of the oven absorb heat and maintain a uniform temperature throughout the oven. The molecular composition of the metal is such that each crystal has mirror like or reflecting facets and as air is excluded, the crystals reflect heat, particularly after a desired temperature has been reached, and it is through the medium of such metallic walls that the temperature within the oven can be quickly raised and maintained by electrical elements employed for such purpose. By providing an air space between the oven housing and the oven proper the heating elements first heat the oven walls proper and then the air in the space surrounding said walls, and it is unnecessary to use asbestos or a non-conductor of heat, and by eliminating packing there is a material reduction in the weight and greater facility in assembling. Furthermore, the inner sides of cast aluminum walls, after a few days use in connection with an oven become coated or stained a dark brown or black and pro vide a good heat absorbing and radiating surface, while the outer sides of the walls retain the original luster and retard heat radiation. It is therefore apparent that an aluminum walled oven has a capacity of storing heat that is new and useful, and as the heat is given back into the oven without radiating from the outer walls thereof, the temperature of the oven can be quickly raised and maintained. The air space surrounding the oven is chambered by a horizontally disposed partition 107 mounted upon a flange 108 of the top wall 10st. This partition prevents an unequal distribution of hot air around the oven particularly at the top thereof, and said partition i ssist in properly spacing the oven proper relative to the housing. The side walls 101 and 102 of the oven are provided with spacing lugs 109 connected to the walls 7 and 9 of the housing by screws or other fastening means.

The inner sides of the walls 101 and 102 are provided with grid supports or brackets 110 and the edges of the walls 101, 102, 1011 and 105 are connected to the front wall 12.

Closing the doorway 106 is a hinged door 111 having a spaced lining 112 made of aluminum, said lining coperating with the walls of the oven in maintaining a baking temperature within the oven with a minimum expenditure of current.

Hinged or trunnioned in the upper part of the oven is a broiler heating element generally designated 113 that is maintained normally in parallelism with the top wall 101 of the oven by a button or catch 111 that can be laterally shifted to release the iiree edge of the heating element, whereby said heating element can be swung into or through the doorway 106 for repair purposes or for utilizing the heating element as a toaster.

Hinged or trunnioned in the lower part of the oven, adjacent the rear wall 103, is an oven heating element generally designated 115. This element rests normally upon the bottom wall 105 of the oven, but can be raised for repair purposes or when it is desired to cleanse the oven. rEhe broiler and oven heating elements are identical in construction, with the exception that the broiler heating element is of a less length than the oven heating element, which is necessary in order that the broiler heating element can be swung clear of the oven heating element.

Reference will now be had to Figs. 16 to 21 inclusive showing the detail construction of either of the heating elements. A rectangular frame having channel side bars 116, a channel rear bar 117 and a solid front bar 118 supports spaced parallel heating units 119. The general make up of the heating units 119 is similar to the units of the heating elements forming the cooking top of the range. r1`he heating units 119 rest upon a brace 120 connecting the rear bar 117 and the solid bar 118, said units being retained in engagement with the brace by turn buttons 121. The turn buttons 121 prevent the units 119 from buckling and the ends of said units are connected to terminals 122 in the channel side bars 116. The terminals 122 are constructed upon the same principle as the terminals 31 of the cooking top heating elements, and said terminals are supported by longitudinal strips 123 mounted upon transverse ribs 121 within the channel side bars 116. The strips 123 are secured to some of the ribs 121 by screws 125 or other fastening means. Bridge pieces 126 connect said terminals and said bridge pieces are disposed whereby leading in wires 127 can be connected to the terminals 122 in one of the channel side bars 116.

The side bars 116 are provided with covers 128 and the rear bar 117 with a cover 129, the ends of which overlap the ends of the covers 128. The inner edges of the covers 128 are provided with extensions 130 for the ends of the heating units 119, and all of said covers and the extensions thereof are shaped to deflect and shed liquid or Jr`oreign matter that might be deposited upon the heating element. The covers 128 and 129 are retained in position by swiveled clamps or buttons 131 and 132, the former being on the front bar 118 and the latter upon webs or corner pieces 133 at the juncture of the side and rear bars 116 and 117.

One end of the rear bar 117 has a solid trunnion or pivot pin 131 and the opposite end of said bar has a hollow trunnion or pivot pin 135 through which extends the leading in wires 127. The trunnions 131 and 135 extend into porcelain bushings or bearings 136 at the juncture of the walls 101 and 105 with the walls 101 and 102. (See Fig. 3).

The leading in wires 127 oi the heating element 113 extend into a junction or receptacle box 137 connect-ed to the wall 9 of the oven housing, said junction box having a detachable cover 138. The junction box 137 is in communication with the conduit 139 that extends through the partition 11. The leading in wires within the conduit 139 extend into a pocket 60 of the switch plate 59 and are connected to the switch 61, which controls the broiler heating element.

The leading in wires of the heating element 115 extend into a junction or receptacle box 110 and from said junction box into the conduit 66 and to the switch 61 controlling the operation of the oven heating element.

1n the warming oven is a heating element comprising two units 111 connected by wires 112 to one of the fuse blocks 91 and to an ordinary knir'e switch 113. r1`he knife switch 113 is mounted upon a bracket or an extension 111 oi the switch plate 79, and the kniie of said switch extends through an opening and an escutcheon plate 115 of the front wall 5. The warming oven has a hinged door 116 and it is through the medium of this door and the hinged partition 13 that access is had to the cartridge fuse block 99. A grid 117 is detachably mounted in the warming oven above the heating element thereof.

As an instance of the operation of the electric range, see Figs. 2 and The switch for the right back heating element of the cooking top is shown as swung on full and the live circuit is indicated by a heavy line and the direction of current indicated by arrows. The switches for the left front and right front are shown as swung to medium and low. The circuits are indicated in connection with Fig. 22, also the complete wiring of the electric range, and it is thought these circuits will be clearly understood without entering into a detailed description of the same.

That I claim is 1. 1n an electric range, a heating top, heating elements in said heating top, a terminal box below said top and having electrical connections with all of said heating elements, said terminal box being bodily removable from said heating top, and indicating devices in front of said terminal box for predetermining the operation of said heating elements.

2. In an electric range, a heating top, a main oven, a warming oven, heating elements in said ovens and said heating top, a unitary terminal box for said heating elements and having closed conduits extending in the direction of said heating elements, and indicating devices in front of said terminal box for predetermining the operation of said heating elements.

3. In an electric range, a casing having a heating top, heating elements in the heating top of said casing, a terminal box in said casing below said heating elements, said terminal box being bodily removable from said casing and comprising a switch plate, switches carried thereby, a transverse member, liquid shedding conduits connecting said plate and said member, and wires in said conduits connecting said switches and said heating elements.

4L. In an electric range, the combination with a plurality of heating elements, of a unitary terminal box detachably mounted in said range and bodily removable therefrom, said terminal box including grouped liquid shedding conduits extending in the direction of said heating elements.

5. In an electric range, the combination with a casing and a plurality of heating elements, of a unitary terminal box detachably mounted in said casing and bodily remov-v able therefrom, said terminal box including switches, liquid shedding conduits extending from said switches in the direction of said heating elements, and indicating devices for predetermining the operation of said switches.

6. In an electric range, a casing, an oven housing supported thereby, trunnioned broiler and oven heating elements in said housing, and a unitary terminal box detachably mounted in said casing and bodily removable therefrom and including switches and liquid shedding conduits containing wires extending from said switches to said heating elements.

7. In an electric range, a casing, superimposed ovens, heating elements in said ovens, a unitary terminal box in said casing and bodily removable therefrom, said terminal box including switches, liquid shedding conduits containing wires leading from said switches to said heating elements, and indicating devices for predetermining the operation of said switches.

8. In an electric range, a casing, a dial plate carried thereby, a unitary terminal box in the rear of said dial plate and bodily removable from said casing, switches forming part of said terminal box, and indicating devices operatable in front of said dial plate and connected to said switches.

9. In an electric range, a heating top, heating elements in said heating top, and a terminal box below said top and having electrical connections with all of said heating elements, said terminal box being bodily removable from said heating top.

10. In an electric range, the combination with a plurality of heating elements, of a unitary terminal box detachably mounted in said range and bodily removable therefrom, said terminal box including channel conduits extending in the direction of said heating units, and covers on said channel conduits having overhanging edges to prevent liquid from entering said conduits.

11. The combination with an oven housing, of an aluminum oven therein with the walls of said oven spaced from the walls of said housing, trunnioned heating elements in parallelism and at the top and bottom walls of said aluminum oven, and conduits and junction boxes in said oven structure adapted to house wires leading to said elements.

12. The combination with an oven housing, of an oven having the walls spaced from the walls of said housing and in communication with a doorway of said housing, an electric heating element trunnioned in said oven and resting normally upon the bottom thereof and capable of being raised at the front and swung toward the back of the oven, and an electric heating element trunnioned at the top of said oven and capable of being swung downward toward the doorway of said oven.

13. In an electric range, an oven housing, an oven therein and spaced from the walls of said housing, a horizontal partition at the top of said oven connected to the walls of said housing, an electric heating unit upon the bottom of said oven, and a broiler heating unit trunnioned at the top of said oven and normally maintained in parallelism therewith.

14. The combination with an oven, of the heating elements therefor, comprising a rectangular frame composed of covered end and back troughs, trunnions at the ends of the back trough of said frame, one of which is hollow to communicate with an opening in the side of said oven, and leading in Wires extending through the hollow trunnion into the back trough of said frame.

15. In an electric range, a heating top, heating elements forming part thereof, each element comprising rigid armors located above the surface of said heating top, and iiexible armors at the ends of said rigid armors bent downwardly beneath said top and then upwardly to deflect liquid sidewise from the ends of said units.

'16. In a range, an oven electrically heated comprising the space below the oven body from within and having a door side, a tight and around the sides of the oven. l0 shell surrounding said oven on all sides ex- In testimony whereof l affix my signature cept the door side and providing' an air in presence of two witnesses.

5 chamber between said shell and the oven VILLIAM J. KEEP.

wall and a division plate dividing said air Witnesses: chamber into two air spaces, one comprising CHAS. W. KEMPT, the space above the oven top and the other KARL H. BUTLER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

` Washington, D. C.

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