US11565498B2 - Accommodating body, buffering material, method for manufacturing buffering material, and buffering material manufacturing apparatus - Google Patents
Accommodating body, buffering material, method for manufacturing buffering material, and buffering material manufacturing apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US11565498B2 US11565498B2 US17/151,712 US202117151712A US11565498B2 US 11565498 B2 US11565498 B2 US 11565498B2 US 202117151712 A US202117151712 A US 202117151712A US 11565498 B2 US11565498 B2 US 11565498B2
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- sheet
- shaped web
- fibers
- buffering
- accommodating body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 278
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 252
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 80
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 47
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 255
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 102
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 77
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 77
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 56
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 41
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 27
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 22
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 18
- -1 synthetic pulp Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 16
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229920006328 Styrofoam Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000008261 styrofoam Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 3
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000704 biodegradable plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002961 polybutylene succinate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004631 polybutylene succinate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001955 polyphenylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004156 Azodicarbonamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- MWRWFPQBGSZWNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N2CN(N=O)CN1CN(N=O)C2 MWRWFPQBGSZWNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000271 Kevlar® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004977 Liquid-crystal polymers (LCPs) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000572 Nylon 6/12 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000817 Petroleum-derived resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930182556 Polyacetal Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004962 Polyamide-imide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000331 Polyhydroxybutyrate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N azodicarbonamide Chemical compound NC(=O)\N=N\C(N)=O XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019399 azodicarbonamide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004761 kevlar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005015 poly(hydroxybutyrate) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920009537 polybutylene succinate adipate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004630 polybutylene succinate adipate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006259 thermoplastic polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 240000008564 Boehmeria nivea Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000146553 Ceiba pentandra Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003301 Ceiba pentandra Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004709 Chlorinated polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Laurolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCCCN1 JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010067482 No adverse event Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920000571 Nylon 11 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000299 Nylon 12 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003189 Nylon 4,6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000305 Nylon 6,10 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004697 Polyetherimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001800 Shellac Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002978 Vinylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- VJRITMATACIYAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonohydrazide Chemical compound NNS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 VJRITMATACIYAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000805 composite resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007561 laser diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000004308 marijuana Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005226 mechanical processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001230 polyarylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000790 scattering method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N shellac Chemical compound OCCCCCC(O)C(O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.C1C23[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC2[C@](C)(CO)[C@@H]1C(C(O)=O)=C[C@@H]3O ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940113147 shellac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006305 unsaturated polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013053 water resistant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
- D21H27/30—Multi-ply
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/28—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer comprising a deformed thin sheet, i.e. the layer having its entire thickness deformed out of the plane, e.g. corrugated, crumpled
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/03—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers with respect to the orientation of features
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/44—Applications of resilient shock-absorbing materials, e.g. foamed plastics material, honeycomb material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
- B65D81/02—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents specially adapted to protect contents from mechanical damage
- B65D81/05—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents specially adapted to protect contents from mechanical damage maintaining contents at spaced relation from package walls, or from other contents
- B65D81/107—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents specially adapted to protect contents from mechanical damage maintaining contents at spaced relation from package walls, or from other contents using blocks of shock-absorbing material
- B65D81/1075—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents specially adapted to protect contents from mechanical damage maintaining contents at spaced relation from package walls, or from other contents using blocks of shock-absorbing material deformable to accommodate contents
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F9/00—Complete machines for making continuous webs of paper
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
- D21H27/10—Packing paper
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
- D21H27/30—Multi-ply
- D21H27/40—Multi-ply at least one of the sheets being non-planar, e.g. crêped
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/20—All layers being fibrous or filamentary
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/56—Damping, energy absorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2553/00—Packaging equipment or accessories not otherwise provided for
- B32B2553/02—Shock absorbing
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to an accommodating body, a buffering material, a method for manufacturing a buffering material, and a buffering material manufacturing apparatus.
- a method for manufacturing a plate-shaped material made of fiber by overlapping non-woven clothes as described in International Publication No. 2007/018051, for example, is known.
- Packaging materials using fiber have an advantage that they have a less environmental burden than that of packaging materials made of styrofoam or the like.
- JP-A-9-019907 discloses a waste paper board shaped by heating and pressurizing a mixture of a spongy waste paper pulp granular material, which is obtained by adding water to waste paper pulp defibrated in a dry method and a synthetic resin in a fiber form or powder form with thermoplasticity.
- An accommodating body includes a first accommodating body that has a first bottom portion, and a first buffering material that has a first pressure receiving surface coming into contact with an accommodated article accommodated in the first accommodating body and that has at least one first sheet-shaped web that contains fibers and a bonding material that bonds the fibers, in the first sheet-shaped web, the fibers are oriented in a plane direction of the first sheet-shaped web, and the first buffering material is used in an orientation with which an end surface of the first sheet-shaped web serves as the first pressure receiving surface.
- a buffering material includes a molded article obtained by molding a sheet-shaped web that contains fibers and a bonding material that bonds the fibers and that has a first surface and a second surface that are opposite to each other, the molded article is molded into a wave shape that has first curved portions projecting on a side of the first surface, second curved portions projecting on a side of the second surface, and intermediate portions located between the first curved portions and the second curved portions, and in the intermediate portions, the fibers are oriented in a direction that intersects a plane direction of the molded article.
- a method for manufacturing a buffering material includes a web forming step of forming a sheet-shaped web, which contains fibers and a bonding material that bonds the fibers and has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, and in which the fibers are oriented in a plane direction of the first surface and the second surface, a first molding step of molding the sheet-shaped web into an intermediate article with a wave shape that has first curved portions projecting on a side of the first surface, second curved portions projecting on a side of the second surface, and intermediate portions located between the first curved portions and the second curved portions, and a second molding step of molding the intermediate article into a molded article by reducing pitches of the wave shape of the intermediate article.
- a buffering material manufacturing apparatus includes a web forming portion that forms a sheet-shaped web, which contains fibers and a bonding material that bonds the fibers and has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, and in which the fibers are oriented in a plane direction of the first surface and the second surface, a first molding portion that molds the sheet-shaped web into an intermediate article with a wave shape that has first curved portions projecting on a side of the first surface, second curved portions projecting on a side of the second surface, and intermediate portions located between the first curved portions and the second curved portions, and a second molding portion that molds the intermediate article into a molded article by reducing pitches of the wave shape of the intermediate article.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of a sheet manufacturing apparatus that manufactures a sheet-shaped web configuring a first buffering material included in an accommodating body according to the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a step for manufacturing a sheet-shaped web.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a fiber orientation direction in the sheet-shaped web.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a fiber orientation direction in the sheet-shaped web.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a test piece for testing a buffering function.
- FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating test results of the buffering function.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic view illustrating an expression state of the buffering function.
- FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of the accommodating body of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 9 is a sectional view along the line IX-IX in FIG. 8 .
- FIG. 10 is a sectional view along the line X-X in FIG. 8 .
- FIG. 11 is a schematic view illustrating an expression state of a buffering function in the first buffering material.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic view illustrating an expression state of a buffering function in the first buffering material.
- FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of a buffering material according to the present disclosure.
- FIG. 14 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the buffering material illustrated in FIG. 13 .
- FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining the buffering function and is a partially enlarged sectional view of the buffering material illustrated in FIG. 13 .
- FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining a buffering function and is a partially enlarged sectional view of the buffering material illustrated in FIG. 13 .
- FIG. 17 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of a buffering material manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing the buffering material illustrated in FIG. 13 .
- FIG. 18 is a sectional view of a first molding portion illustrated in FIG. 17 .
- FIG. 19 is a side view of the first molding portion illustrated in FIG. 17 .
- FIG. 20 is a view of a second molding portion illustrated in FIG. 17 when seen from a +Z-axis side.
- FIG. 21 is a partially enlarged view illustrating a third embodiment of a buffering material manufacturing apparatus according to the present disclosure.
- FIG. 22 is a perspective view of a fourth embodiment of a buffering material according to the present disclosure.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of a sheet manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a sheet-shaped web that configures a first buffering material included in an accommodating body according to the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a step for manufacturing a sheet-shaped web.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 are diagrams for explaining a fiber orientation direction in the sheet-shaped web.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a test piece for testing a buffering function.
- FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating test results of the buffering function.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic view illustrating an expression state of the buffering function.
- FIGS. 1 , 3 , 4 , 5 , and 7 will also be referred to as “above” or an “upper side” while the lower side therein will also be referred to as “below” or a “lower side” for convenience of explanation.
- FIG. 4 illustrates an X axis, a Y axis, and a Z axis as three axes that are orthogonal to each other for convenience of explanation.
- the direction that is parallel to the X axis will also be referred to as an “X-axis direction”
- the direction that is parallel to the Y axis will also be referred to as a “Y-axis direction”
- a direction that is parallel to the Z axis will also be referred to as a “Z-axis direction”.
- the leading end side of each illustrated arrow will be referred to as “+ (positive)” while the base end side thereof will be referred to as “ ⁇ (negative)”.
- a sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 includes a supply portion 10 , a crushing portion 12 , a defibrating portion 20 , a sorting portion 40 , a first web forming portion 45 , a rotating body 49 , a mixing portion 50 , a dispersion portion 60 , a second web forming portion 70 , a web transport portion 79 , a processing portion 80 , and a cutting portion 90 .
- the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 fiberizes a raw material MA containing fiber such as a wood pulp material, kraft pulp, waste paper, and synthetic pulp described later to manufacture a sheet-shaped web S 1 .
- the raw material MA preferably contains a cellulose fiber, and a wood pulp material, kraft pulp, waste paper, synthetic pulp, and the like can be used, for example.
- the wood pulp materials include mechanical pulp made by a mechanical process such as ground pulp, chemical pulp made by a chemical process, semi-chemical pulp and chemiground pulp that are manufactured by using both of these processes.
- the raw material MA may be any of bleached pulp or non-bleached pulp, and examples thereof include virgin pulp such as bleached softwood kraft pulp (N-BKP) and bleached hardwood kraft pulp (L-BKP) and bleached chemithermo-mechanical pulp (BCTMP). Also, a nano-cellulose fiber (NCF) may also be used.
- the waste paper is used paper such as plain paper copy (PPC) paper after printing, magazines, and newspapers. Examples of the synthetic pulp include SWP manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. SWP is a registered trademark.
- the raw material MA may contain carbon fiber, metal fiber, or thixotropic fiber in addition to or instead of the aforementioned wood pulp material, waste paper, synthetic pulp and the like. Therefore, the raw material MA may be a mixture obtained by mixing a plurality of materials selected from the aforementioned wood pulp material, waste paper, synthetic pulp, carbon fiber, metal fiber, and thixotropic fiber.
- the raw material MA, and defibrated articles MB and fiber material MC, which will be described later, may be materials containing fibers.
- the supply portion 10 supplies the raw material MA to the crushing portion 12 .
- the crushing portion 12 is a shredder that cuts the raw material MA by using a crushing blade 14 .
- the raw material MA cut by the crushing portion 12 is transported to the defibrating portion 20 through a pipe.
- the defibrating portion 20 defibrates the crushed pieces cut by the crushing portion 12 into defibrated articles MB by a dry method.
- the defibration is a process of disentangling the raw material MA in a state in which a plurality of the fibers are bound into one or a few fibers.
- the dry method refers to performing a process such as defibration in gas, such as in the air, instead of in a liquid.
- the defibrated articles MB include the fibers contained in the raw material MA.
- the defibrated articles MB may include substances other than the fibers contained in the raw material MA.
- the defibrated articles MB contain constituents such as resin particles, a colorant such as ink or a toner, an anti-bleeding agent, and a paper strengthening agents.
- the defibrating portion 20 is, for example, a mill including a tubular stator 22 and a rotor 24 that rotates inside the stator 22 , and defibrates the crushed pieces with the crushed pieces sandwiched between the stator 22 and the rotor 24 .
- the defibrated articles MB are sent to the sorting portion 40 through a pipe.
- the fibers contained in the raw material MA or the fibers contained in the defibrated articles MB preferably have a fiber length of equal to or greater than 0.1 mm and equal to or less than 100 mm, and more preferably have a fiber length of equal to or greater than 0.5 mm and equal to or less than 50 mm.
- the fiber diameter is preferably equal to or greater than 0.1 ⁇ m and equal to or less than 1,000 ⁇ m and is more preferably equal to or greater than 1 ⁇ m and equal to or less than 500 ⁇ m or less.
- the fiber may include a plurality of types of fiber, and may include fiber that has at least either different fiber lengths or different fiber diameters.
- the fiber lengths and the fiber diameters can be obtained by performing measurement with a fiber tester (manufactured by Lorentzen & Wettre), for example, and calculating length weighted average values therefrom.
- the sorting portion 40 has a drum portion 41 and a housing portion 43 that accommodates the drum portion 41 .
- the drum portion 41 is a sieve having openings such as a net, a filter, or a screen and is rotated by power of a motor, which is not illustrated.
- the defibrated articles MB are loosened inside the rotating drum portion 41 and is lowered through the openings of the drum portion 41 . Substances that do not pass through the openings of the drum portion 41 among the constituents of the defibrated articles MB are transported to the defibrating portion 20 through a pipe.
- the first web forming portion 45 includes an endless mesh belt 46 having a large number of openings.
- the first web forming portion 45 manufactures a first web W 1 by accumulating fiber and the like lowered from the drum portion 41 on the mesh belt 46 . Substances that are smaller than the openings of the mesh belt 46 among the constituents lowered from the drum portion 41 are suctioned and removed by a suctioning portion 48 through the mesh belt 46 . In this manner, fiber that is short and is not suitable for manufacturing of the sheet-shaped web S 1 , resin particles, ink, a toner, an anti-bleeding agent, and the like among the constituents of the defibrated articles MB are removed.
- a humidifier 77 is disposed on a movement path of the mesh belt 46 , and the first web W 1 accumulated on the mesh belt 46 is humidified by mist of water or high-humidity air.
- the first web W 1 is transported by the mesh belt 46 and comes into contact with the rotating body 49 .
- the rotating body 49 decouples the first web W 1 by a plurality of blades to form the fiber material MC.
- the fiber material MC is transported to the mixing portion 50 through a pipe 54 .
- the mixing portion 50 includes an additive supply portion 52 that adds an additive material AD to the fiber material MC and a mixing blower 56 that mixes the fiber material MC and the additive material AD.
- the additive material AD will be described later.
- the mixing blower 56 generates an air flow in the pipe 54 in which the fiber material MC and the additive material AD are transported, mixes the fiber material MC and the additive material AD, and transports a mixture MX to the dispersion portion 60 .
- the dispersion portion 60 includes a drum portion 61 and a housing portion 63 that accommodates the drum portion 61 .
- the drum portion 61 is a cylindrical sieve configured similarly to the drum portion 41 and is driven and rotated by a motor, which is not illustrated.
- the mixture MX is disentangled through the rotation of the drum portion 61 and is then lowered inside the housing portion 63 .
- the second web forming portion 70 includes an endless mesh belt 72 having a large number of openings.
- the second web forming portion 70 manufactures a second web W 2 by accumulating the mixture MX lowered from the drum portion 61 on the mesh belt 72 . Substances that are smaller than the openings of the mesh belt 72 among the constituents of the mixture MX are suctioned by a suctioning portion 76 through the mesh belt 72 .
- a humidifier 78 is disposed on a movement path of the mesh belt 72 , and the second web W 2 accumulated on the mesh belt 72 is humidified by mist of water or high-humidity air.
- the second web W 2 is peeled off from the mesh belt 72 by the web transport portion 79 and is transported to the processing portion 80 .
- the processing portion 80 includes a pressurizing portion 82 and a heating portion 84 .
- the pressurizing portion 82 nips the second web W 2 by a pair of pressurizing rollers and pressurizes the second web W 2 with a predetermined nip pressure to form a pressurized sheet-shaped web SS 1 .
- the heating portion 84 applies heat to the pressurized sheet-shaped web SS 1 with the pressurized sheet-shaped web SS 1 nipped by a pair of heating rollers.
- the fibers contained in the pressurized sheet-shaped web SS 1 are bound to each other by the resin contained in the additive material AD, and a heated sheet-shaped web SS 2 is thus formed.
- the heated sheet-shaped web SS 2 is transported to the cutting portion 90 .
- the cutting portion 90 cuts the heated sheet-shaped web SS 2 in at least one of a direction intersecting a transport direction FE and a direction along the transport direction FE to manufacture the sheet-shaped web S 1 with a predetermined size.
- the sheet-shaped web S 1 is stored in a discharge portion 96 .
- the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 includes a control device 110 .
- the control device 110 controls each part of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 including the defibrating portion 20 , the additive supply portion 52 , the mixing blower 56 , the dispersion portion 60 , the second web forming portion 70 , the processing portion 80 , and the cutting portion 90 to execute the method for manufacturing the sheet-shaped web S 1 .
- the control device 110 may control operations of the supply portion 10 , the sorting portion 40 , the first web forming portion 45 , and the rotating body 49 .
- the additive material AD is a bonding material that crosslinks a plurality of fibers to bond the fibers to each other. In this manner, it is possible to precisely mold the fibers into a sheet shape.
- the additive material AD includes a resin that functions as a bonding material that binds the fibers together and specifically includes at least one of a thermoplastic resin and a thermosetting resin.
- the thermoplastic resin may have a core-sheath structure.
- the additive material AD may include a colorant, an aggregation inhibitor, a flame retardant, and the like in addition to the aforementioned resins.
- thermoplastic resin a resin with a melting temperature of equal to or greater than 60° C. and equal to or less than 200° C. and with a deformation temperature of equal to or greater than 50° C. and equal to or less than 180° C., for example, can be used.
- the deformation temperature can also be referred to as a glass transition temperature.
- thermoplastic resin a petroleum-derived resin, biomass plastic, biodegradable plastic, or natural resin can be used.
- examples of the petroleum-derived resin include a polyolefin-based resin, a polyester-based resin, a polyamide-based resin, polyacetal, polycarbonate, modified polyphenylene ether, cyclic polyolefin, an ABS resin, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyurethane, a Teflon resin, an acrylic resin, polyphenylene sulfide, polytetrafluoroethylene, polysulfone, polyether sulfones, amorphous polyarylate, a liquid crystal polymer, polyether ether ketone, thermoplastic polyimide, and polyamideimide.
- a polyolefin-based resin a polyester-based resin, a polyamide-based resin, polyacetal, polycarbonate, modified polyphenylene ether, cyclic polyolefin, an ABS resin, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyurethane,
- biomass plastic and biodegradable plastic include a polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, modified starch, polyhydroxybutyrate, polybutylene succinate, polybutylene succinate, and polybutylene succinate adipate.
- natural resin include rosin. Teflon is a registered trademark.
- thermosetting resin include a phenolic resin, an epoxy resin, a vinyl ester resin, unsaturated polyester, and the like and a natural thermosetting resin such as shellac.
- the additive material AD contains one or a plurality of the aforementioned resins. For example, a plurality of resins with different glass transition temperatures Tg and melting points may be contained.
- the resin contained in the additive material AD is preferably in the form of particles or fiber.
- particles with a weight average particle diameter of equal to or greater than 0.1 ⁇ m and equal to or less than 120 ⁇ m are preferably used, and particles with a weight average particle diameter of equal to or greater than 1 ⁇ m and equal to or less than 50 ⁇ m or are more preferably used.
- the additive material AD may contain a resin material or a polymer material that forms a porous structure through heating, in addition to the aforementioned resins. These materials are, for example, thermally expandable materials that expand through heating. So-called foaming materials can be used as the thermally expandable materials.
- the thermally expandable materials are preferably in the form of particles, and the thermally expandable materials molded in the form of particles can be referred to as foaming particles.
- the particle diameter of the foaming particles contained in the additive material AD is preferably equal to or greater than 0.5 ⁇ m and equal to or less than 1,000 ⁇ m, is more preferably equal to or greater than 1 ⁇ m and equal to or less than 1,000 ⁇ m, is further preferably equal to or greater than 5 ⁇ m and equal to or less than 800 ⁇ m, and is particularly preferably equal to or greater than 5 ⁇ m and equal to or less than 300 ⁇ m in terms of the weight average particle diameter before foaming.
- a capsule-shaped thermally expandable capsule that expands due to heat or a foaming material mixed particles into which a thermally expandable material is mixed can be used.
- thermally expandable capsules include Advancell manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., Kureha microsphere manufactured by Kureha Co., Ltd., Expancel manufactured by Akzo Nobel Co., Ltd., and Matsumoto Microsphere manufactured by Matsumoto Yushi-Seiyaku Co., Ltd. Advancell, Kureha microsphere, Expancel, and Matsumoto Microsphere are registered trademarks.
- the foaming material mixed particles are a particulate preparation manufactured by mixing a thermally expandable material with the aforementioned thermoplastic resin.
- foaming material azodicarbonamide, N, N′-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine, 4,4′-oxybis (benzenesulfonylhydrazide, N, N′-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine, azodicarbonamide, or sodium hydrogen carbonate, for example, can be used.
- the coverage of the foaming particles with the resin is preferably equal to or greater than 10% and equal to or less than 100%.
- the additive material AD may contain an inorganic filler, rigid fiber, or thixotropic fiber, in addition to the aforementioned resin, as a reinforcing material that makes the crosslinked structure in which the fibers are bound to each other more rigid.
- an inorganic filler calcium carbonate or mica, for example, can be used.
- the rigid fiber carbon fiber, glass fiber, or metal fiber, for example, can be used.
- high-rigidity fiber such as Kevlar or other aramid fiber can be used. Kevlar is a registered trademark.
- thixotropic fiber include cellulose nanofiber.
- the additive material AD may be formed as a composite resin material powder by kneading and pulverizing the aforementioned constituents such as the resin, the foaming particles, and the reinforcing material.
- the manufacturing method illustrated in FIG. 2 includes a step of manufacturing the sheet-shaped web S 1 using the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 .
- Step SA 1 is a crushing step of crushing the raw material MA and corresponds to a process performed by the crushing portion 12 of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 , for example.
- the crushing step is a step of cutting the raw material MA into a size that is equal to or less than a predetermined size.
- the predetermined size is, for example, 1 cm to 5 cm square.
- Step SA 2 is a defibration step and corresponds to a process performed by the defibrating portion 20 of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 , for example.
- Step SA 3 is a step of taking out the material composed mainly of fiber from the defibrated articles MB and is referred to as a separation step.
- the separation step is a step of separating particles such as a resin and an additive from the defibrated articles MB including fiber and resin particles and taking out a material containing fibers as a main constituent.
- the separation step corresponds to a process performed by the sorting portion 40 and the rotating body 49 of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 , for example.
- the separation step in Step SA 3 can be omitted.
- the defibrated articles MB are used as they are as the fiber material MC.
- Step SA 4 is an addition step and is a step of adding the additive material AD to the fiber material MC separated in Step SA 3 .
- the addition step corresponds to, for example, the process performed by the additive supply portion 52 of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 .
- Step SA 5 is a mixing step and is a step of manufacturing the mixture MX by mixing the fiber material MC with the additive material AD.
- the mixing step corresponds to, for example, a process performed by the mixing portion 50 of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 .
- Step SA 6 is a sieving step and is a step of sieving the mixture MX to disperse it in the atmosphere and lowering it.
- the sieving step corresponds to, for example, the process performed by the dispersion portion 60 of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 .
- Step SA 7 is an accumulation step and is a step of accumulating the mixture MX lowered in the sieving step in Step SA 6 to form a web.
- the accumulation step corresponds to, for example, a process of forming the second web W 2 by the second web forming portion 70 of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 .
- Step SA 8 is a pressurizing and heating step, in which the web is pressurized and heated.
- the pressurizing and heating step corresponds to, for example, a process of pressurizing and heating the second web W 2 by the processing portion 80 of the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 and forming the sheet-shaped web S 1 through the pressurized sheet-shaped web SS 1 and the heated sheet-shaped web SS 2 .
- the order of pressurization and heating in the pressurizing and heating step is not limited, the pressurization is preferably performed first.
- the fiber orientation direction DS of the sheet-shaped web S 1 becomes the direction along the plane direction of the sheet-shaped web S 1 as will be describe later through such Step SA 7 and Step SA 8 .
- Step SA 9 is a molding step of molding a buffering material, that is, a first buffering material 32 and second buffering materials 34 , using the sheet-shaped web S 1 .
- a fiber structure with a box shape or the like is produced through processes such as coupling, joining, and adhering performed on the sheet-shaped webs S 1 .
- construction methods such as adhesion with an adhesive material, thermal fusion using melting of a thermoplastic resin, skewering with a core material, and binding with a fastening component to join a plurality of sheet-shaped webs S 1 , and simple joining using roughness of the fiber surfaces of the sheet-shaped webs S 1 may be employed.
- the manufacturing step illustrated in FIG. 2 is not limited to the case in which the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 is used, and it is a matter of course that the sheet-shaped web S 1 manufactured by another apparatus can be used. Also, the manufacturing step illustrated in FIG. 2 as a method for manufacturing the buffering material is just an example, and a sheet-shaped web S 1 manufactured by another method may be used.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the fiber orientation direction in the sheet-shaped web S 1 .
- the sheet-shaped web S 1 is a sheet with a thin planar shape or flexibility.
- the sheet-shaped web S 1 is obtained by sieving and accumulating a mixture of fiber contained in defibrated articles obtained by defibrating the raw material MA and a particulate or fiber form resin. Therefore, on the assumption of an X-Y-Z orthogonal coordinate system with the plane of the sheet-shaped web S 1 included as an X-Y plane, fiber F contained in the sheet-shaped web S 1 is directed in random directions in the X-Y plane while being directed in the direction along the plane of the sheet-shaped web S 1 in the Z direction.
- the pieces of fiber F contained in the sheet-shaped web S 1 are laminated and overlap each other, or alternatively, the fiber F comes into point contact with other fiber F to have a structure with a certain orientation. Therefore, since the fiber F is in the plane of the X-Y plane of the sheet-shaped web S 1 , it is possible to state that the X-Y plane is the orientation direction of the fiber F.
- directions of the fiber F may be unevenly distributed in the X-Y plane of the sheet-shaped web S 1 .
- the step of accumulating the mixture MX on the mesh belt 72 with rotation of the cylindrical drum portion 61 is performed.
- this accumulation step (Step SA 7 )
- the fiber contained in the mixture MX is likely to be oriented in the direction along the rotation direction of the drum portion 61 . Therefore, the second web W 2 tends to contain a lot of fibers F with an orientation along the rotation direction of the drum portion 61 . Therefore, the sheet-shaped web S 1 also contains a lot of fibers F oriented in the rotation direction of the drum portion 61 .
- the direction of the fiber F is indicated by the reference sign B in FIG. 3 .
- the fiber F typically has a thin and long shape.
- the size of the fiber F in the longitudinal direction can be referred to as a fiber length L 1
- the size of the fiber F in the shorter side direction can be referred to as a width L 2 .
- the width L 2 corresponds to a fiber diameter.
- the direction of the fiber length L 1 of the fiber F will be referred to as the orientation direction DF.
- the orientation direction DF indicates the direction of one piece of fiber F.
- the fiber orientation direction DS in the sheet-shaped web S 1 can be obtained by integrating the orientation directions DF of the plurality of fibers F contained in the sheet-shaped web S 1 .
- a predetermined number of fibers F are extracted from the fibers F forming the sheet-shaped web S 1 , an average orientation of the orientation directions DF of the plurality extracted fibers F is obtained, and the obtained orientation can be regarded as the fiber orientation direction DS in the sheet-shaped web S 1 .
- the present inventors used a digital microscope (VHX5000 manufactured by KEYENCE CORPORATION) to observe the surface of the sheet-shaped web S 1 or the sheet-shaped web S 2 , which will be described later, under conditions of equal to or greater than 200-fold magnification and equal to or less than 500-fold magnification.
- the present inventors randomly selected 50 fibers F from the fibers F observed with the digital microscope, measured the orientation directions DF with respect to the observed surfaces, calculated an average value, and regarded the average value as the fiber orientation direction DS.
- the predetermined direction in which the proportion of the number of fibers is the largest can be regarded as the fiber orientation direction DS in the sheet-shaped web S 1 .
- the fiber orientation direction DS in the sheet-shaped web S 1 is indicated by the reference sign C in FIG. 3 .
- the sheet-shaped web S 1 has a smaller size in the Z direction indicating the thickness than the size in the X-Y plane. Therefore, the fiber orientation direction DS in the sheet-shaped web S 1 is the direction within the X-Y plane as illustrated in FIG. 3 in most cases.
- the fiber orientation direction DS can be fiber orientation directions DS 3 and DS 4 that are inclined with respect to the X axis and the Y axis or other directions in addition to a fiber orientation direction DS 1 that is parallel to the Y axis and a fiber orientation direction DS 2 that is parallel to the X axis. In other words, it is possible to state that the fiber orientation direction DS is the plane direction of the sheet-shaped web S 1 .
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a fiber orientation direction DS in a sheet-shaped web S 2 .
- the sheet-shaped web S 2 is a member cut out from a laminated body 201 in which a plurality of sheet-shaped webs S 1 are laminated along a cutting plane CU so as to have a sheet shape.
- the laminated body 201 is formed by laminating a plurality of sheet-shaped webs S 1 or folding the sheet-shaped web S 1 so that a plurality of layers are in an overlapping state and subjecting the laminated sheet-shaped webs S 1 or the folded sheet-shaped web S 1 to a joining process.
- the joining process is a press process, a pressurizing process and a heating process, a heating process in an oven or a furnace, an adhesive process with an adhesive, or the like.
- the fibers F extending in the X direction is cut into short lengths due to the laminated body 201 being cut in the Y-Z plane. Also, the laminated body 201 does not contain long fibers F extending in the Z direction. Therefore, the fiber orientation direction DS in the sheet-shaped web S 2 is parallel to the Y-axis direction in the drawing, and most of the fibers F that do not follow the fiber orientation direction DS are short fibers.
- the orientation directions DF of a lot of fibers F are parallel to the fiber orientation direction DS, and the orientation directions DF are in a well-ordered state.
- sheet-shaped web S 1 and the sheet-shaped web S 2 will be collectively referred to as a sheet-shaped web S.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a test piece used for a buffering function test.
- the buffering function refers to an action of absorbing or mitigating an impact such that when an impact is applied to the sheet-shaped web S, the impact is not transmitted from the sheet-shaped web S to another object.
- the present inventors produced a test piece 210 and a test piece 220 using the sheet-shaped web S and measured stress and compressibility when an external force was applied to the test pieces 210 and 220 .
- a test piece 230 made of styrofoam was produced, and measurement similar to that for the test pieces 210 and 220 was conducted.
- FIG. 5 illustrates the test pieces 210 , 220 , and 230 , and the direction in which the external force is applied in the test is indicated as PW.
- the test piece 210 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape and has a surface 211 to which the external force PW is applied in the test.
- the fiber orientation direction DS in the test piece 210 intersects the direction of the external force PW at an angle of greater than 45 degrees and is typically perpendicular thereto. In other words, the fiber orientation direction DS is orthogonal to the normal line of the surface 211 .
- the density of the test piece 210 was 0.15, and the content of the resin of the additive material AD contained in the test piece 210 was 30% by weight.
- the test piece 220 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape and has a surface 221 to which an external force PW is applied in the test.
- the fiber orientation direction DS in the test piece 220 forms an angle within 45 degrees with respect to the direction of the external force PW and is typically parallel thereto. In other words, the fiber orientation direction DS is parallel to the normal line of the surface 211 .
- the density of the test piece 220 was 0.15, and the content of the resin of the additive material AD contained in the test piece 220 was 30% by weight.
- test piece 210 and the test piece 220 can be manufactured by laminating and joining the sheet-shaped webs S.
- the test piece 230 is an object with a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape made of styrofoam and has a surface 231 to which the external force PW is applied in the test.
- FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating test results of the buffering function.
- the horizontal axis in FIG. 6 represents the compressibility while the vertical axis represents the stress.
- the compressibility indicates the amount of compression of the test pieces 210 , 220 , and 230 in the external force PW direction due to the application of the external force PW as proportions to the sizes of the test pieces 210 , 220 , and 230 .
- the stress is a stress of the test pieces 210 , 220 , and 230 against the external force PW.
- a curve 251 in FIG. 6 is a compressibility-stress curve of the test piece 210
- a curve 252 is a compressibility-stress curve of the test piece 220
- a curve 253 is a compressibility-stress curve of the test piece 230 .
- FIG. 6 illustrates a curve 254 which is a compressibility-stress curve of a test piece as a control example.
- the curve 254 is an example using a test piece in which the orientation directions DF of the fibers F are disordered, that is, the orientation directions DF are not biased in a specific direction or have a small bias.
- This test piece is configured of the sheet-shaped web S 1 manufactured at a low density by the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 such that the orientation directions DF are dispersed, has a density of 0.09, and contains 33% by weight of the resin of the additive material AD.
- the curves 251 and 254 indicate increases in stress with increases in compressibility. In other words, since the stress against the external force PW increases as the surface 211 is depressed due to the external force PW, the surface 211 is compressed by the external force PW and has a higher density.
- the curve 253 indicates a small increase in stress with an increase in compressibility.
- the test piece 230 made of styrofoam has a trend that the stress does not increase even when the surface 231 is deformed and depressed due to the external force PW.
- the curve 252 indicates a trend similar to the curve 253 as a whole and indicates a trend that an increase in stress with respect to an increase in compressibility is small.
- the test piece 220 and the test piece 230 are deformed when a pressing force or an impact is applied thereto from the outside, but have a trend that the stress does not increase or is unlikely to increase during the deformation process. Therefore, it is possible to state that even if a packaging material or a storage container is deformed or destroyed when an external force or an impact is applied in a state in which an accommodated article is accommodated in the packaging material or the storage container using materials similar to those of the test piece 220 and the test piece 230 , the force is unlikely to be applied to the accommodated article.
- a storage container made of styrofoam is evaluated to have an excellent buffering function, and the test piece 220 is similarly suitable for manufacturing a packaging material or a storage container having an excellent buffering function.
- the test piece 220 is similarly suitable for manufacturing a packaging material or a storage container having an excellent buffering function.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic view illustrating expression states of the buffering functions of the test pieces 210 , 220 , and 230 .
- test piece 210 was compressed by the external force PW in a state in which the fiber F overlapped each other, the hardness and the rigidity thus increased as the compressibility increased, and the stress was expressed.
- the fiber F in the test piece 220 that received the external force PW moved in the DV direction so as to avoid the external force PW, and the entire test piece 220 was thus largely deformed and yielded to the external force PW.
- the sheet-shaped web S can realize an excellent buffering function like a container made of styrofoam when the fiber orientation direction DS is parallel or almost parallel to the direction in which the external force PW or impact is applied.
- a high buffering function can be obtained when the fiber orientation direction DS forms an angle of equal to or greater than ⁇ 45 degrees and equal to or less than +45 degrees with respect to the direction in which the external force PW or the impact acts.
- FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of the accommodating body according to the present disclosure.
- FIG. 9 is a sectional view along the line IX-IX in FIG. 8 .
- FIG. 10 is a sectional view along the line X-X in FIG. 8 .
- FIGS. 11 and 12 are schematic views illustrating an expression state of the buffering function in the first buffering material.
- FIGS. 8 to 10 illustrate an x axis, a y axis, and a z axis as three axes that are orthogonal to each other for convenience of explanation.
- the direction that is parallel to the x axis will also be referred to as an “x-axis direction”
- the direction that is parallel to the y axis will also be referred to as a “y-axis direction”
- the direction that is parallel to the z axis will also be referred to as a “z-axis direction”.
- the leading end side of each illustrated arrow will be referred to as “+ (positive)” while the base end side thereof will be referred to as “ ⁇ (negative)”.
- the +z-axis direction that is, the upper side in FIGS. 8 to 12 will also be referred to as “above” or an “upper side” while the ⁇ z-axis direction, that is, the lower side therein will also be referred to as “below” or a “lower side”, for convenience of explanation.
- the accommodating body 30 includes a first accommodating body 31 , a first buffering material 32 provided in the first accommodating body 31 , a second accommodating body 33 , and second buffering materials 34 .
- the first accommodating body 31 is a so-called inner box and accommodates a plurality of, in this embodiment, three accommodated articles 300 .
- the second accommodating body 33 is a so-called outer box and accommodates the first accommodating body 31 .
- the accommodated articles 300 are long objects, for example, bottles.
- the first accommodating body 31 has a first bottom plate 311 that is a first bottom portion, four side walls 312 , 313 , 314 , and 315 provided to stand from the first bottom plate 311 in the z-axis direction, and partitioning plates 316 and 317 as partitioning portions.
- the first bottom plate 311 has a rectangular shape in a plan view.
- the side walls 312 and 313 are provided along the long side of the first bottom plate 311 , that is, along the x-axis direction and face each other in the y-axis direction.
- the side walls 314 and 315 are provided along the short side of the first bottom plate 311 , that is, along the y-axis direction and face each other in the x-axis direction.
- the space surrounded by the first bottom plate 311 and the side walls 312 to 315 is a first accommodation space 310 for accommodating the accommodated articles 300 .
- the first accommodating body 31 has the first accommodation space 310 .
- the first accommodation space 310 is partitioned into three spaces by the partitioning plates 316 and 317 .
- Each of the partitioning plates 316 and 317 is configured of a long plate member extending in the x-axis direction.
- the partitioning plates 316 and 317 are provided so as to be separated from each other in the y-axis direction in an orientation with which the y-axis direction corresponds to the thickness direction thereof.
- the partitioning plates 316 and 317 are disposed in this order from the +y-axis side.
- the partitioning plate 316 is disposed to be separated from the side wall 312 on the ⁇ y-axis side.
- the partitioning plate 317 is disposed to be separated from the side wall 313 on the +y-axis side.
- the partitioning plates 316 and 317 have notches 318 .
- each of the partitioning plates 316 and 317 has two notches 318 .
- the notches 318 are opened on the +z-axis side. It is possible to easily take out the accommodated articles 300 accommodated in the first accommodating body 31 with fingers inserted into the notches 318 when the accommodated articles 300 are taken out, by including the notches 318 .
- the partitioning plates 316 and 317 are supported and positioned by the first buffering material 32 and a reinforcing portion 319 as will be described later.
- the reinforcing portion 319 is configured of a long member that is disposed on the first bottom plate 311 and extends in the y-axis direction.
- the reinforcing portion 319 has a function of supporting the partitioning plates 316 and 317 and reinforcing strength of the first bottom plate 311 .
- the first buffering material 32 is disposed on the first bottom plate 311 and has a function of mitigating impact applied to the accommodated articles 300 and protecting the accommodated articles 300 by coming into contact with the accommodated articles 300 accommodated in the first accommodating body 31 .
- the first buffering material 32 has a function of preventing or curbing collision between the first accommodating body 31 and the accommodated articles 300 and mitigating the impact even when the accommodated articles 300 are about to move due to inertial force with movement of the accommodating body 30 .
- the first buffering material 32 is a member that is formed by cutting the aforementioned sheet-shaped web S. Specifically, the first buffering material 32 is a member formed by cutting a portion surrounded by the dashed line in FIG. 3 or a portion surrounded by the dashed line in FIG. 4 .
- the first buffering material 32 is disposed on the first bottom plate 311 with an orientation with which the fiber orientation direction DS follows the x-y plane.
- the sheet-shaped webs S are disposed with an orientation with which the thickness direction thereof follows the x-axis direction and end surfaces, that is, side surfaces thereof function as first pressure receiving surfaces a that come into contact with the accommodated articles 300 illustrated in FIG. 9 .
- the first buffering material 32 is configured of a laminated body in which the four sheet-shaped webs S are laminated in the x-axis direction.
- the first buffering material 32 is a laminated body, which has sheet-shaped webs S that are a plurality of first sheet-shaped webs, and in which the plurality of sheet-shaped webs S are laminated in the thickness direction. It is thus possible to increase the buffering effect.
- the first buffering material 32 is disposed on the first bottom plate 311 that is a first bottom portion. In this manner, it is possible to prevent excessive impact from being applied to the accommodated articles 300 even when impact of pressing the accommodated articles 300 against the first buffering material 32 from the +z-axis side to the ⁇ z-axis side is applied to the accommodating body 30 , as will be described later.
- the first buffering material 32 has a shape extending in the y-axis direction and is provided over the entire region of the first bottom plate 311 in the y-axis direction. Also, the first buffering material 32 has three positioning portions 321 and two support portions 322 . In the first buffering material 32 , the positioning portion 321 , the support portion 322 , the positioning portion 321 , the support portion 322 , and the positioning portion 321 are aligned in this order.
- Each positioning portion 321 is a portion, which is configured of a notch opened on the +z-axis side, which the accommodated articles 300 enter. Portions of end surfaces of the sheet-shaped webs S facing the positioning portions 321 abut on the accommodated articles 300 at a plurality of locations, and it is thus possible to position the accommodated articles 300 . In other words, it is possible to prevent the accommodated articles from excessively moving inside the first accommodation space 310 .
- the first buffering material 32 has the positioning portions 321 that position the accommodated articles 300 . It is thus possible to position the accommodated articles 300 . Therefore, it is possible to prevent the accommodated articles 300 from excessively moving inside the first accommodation space 310 .
- portions of the end surfaces of the sheet-shaped webs S facing the positioning portions 321 function as first pressure receiving surfaces a.
- the support portions 322 are configured of notches opened in the +z-axis direction. Also, the width of the notches, that is, the length thereof in the y-axis direction is substantially the same as the thickness of the partitioning plates 316 and 317 . In this manner, it is possible to stably support the partitioning plates 316 and 317 by inserting the partitioning plates 316 and 317 to the notches.
- the first accommodating body 31 has the partitioning plates 316 and 317 as partitioning portions for partitioning the inside, and the first buffering material 32 has the support portions 322 that support the partitioning plates 316 and 317 . It is thus possible to stably support the partitioning plates 316 and 317 .
- the first buffering material 32 is configured of the sheet-shaped webs S, and the sheet-shaped webs S are disposed in an orientation in which the x-axis direction corresponds to the thickness direction, as described above.
- the end surfaces of the sheet-shaped webs S function as the first pressure receiving surfaces a.
- end surfaces 321 A, 321 B, and 321 C of the end surfaces of the sheet-shaped webs S facing the positioning portions 321 serve as the first pressure receiving surfaces a as illustrated in FIG. 9 .
- the fiber orientation direction DS follows the plane direction, that is, the y-z plane.
- Such a first buffering material 32 exhibits an excellent buffering function as follows.
- the fibers move in the +y-axis direction or the ⁇ y-axis direction to avoid the external force, and the first buffering material 32 is deformed such that the end surface 321 A is curved toward the ⁇ z-axis side as described above, in the first buffering material 32 .
- the impact energy of the external force is consumed to disaggregate the fibers from the state in which the fibers are bonded by the bonding material, and the external force is mitigated and absorbed.
- the first buffering material 32 exhibits an excellent buffering function and can effectively protect the accommodated articles 300 .
- the fibers move in the +z-axis direction or the ⁇ z-axis direction to avoid external force as described above, and the first buffering material 32 is deformed such that the end surface 321 B or the end surface 321 C is curved toward the +y-axis side or the ⁇ y-axis side.
- the impact energy of the external force PW is consumed in order to disaggregate the fibers from the state in which the fibers are bonded by the bonding material, and the external force is mitigated and absorbed.
- the first buffering material 32 exhibits an excellent buffering function and can effectively protect the accommodated articles 300 .
- the accommodating body 30 includes the first accommodating body 31 that has the first bottom plate 311 that is the first bottom portion and a first buffering material 32 that has the sheet-shaped webs S that are at least one first sheet-shaped webs that have the first pressure receiving surfaces a that come into contact with the accommodated articles 300 accommodated in the first accommodating body 31 and that contains the fibers and the bonding material that bonds the fibers.
- the sheet-shaped webs S are adapted such that the fibers are oriented in the plane direction of the sheet-shaped webs S, and the first buffering material 32 is used with an orientation with which the end surfaces of the sheet-shaped webs S serve as the first pressure receiving surfaces a. In this manner, the first buffering material 32 can exhibit an excellent buffering function and can effectively protect the accommodated articles 300 .
- the second accommodating body 33 has a second bottom plate 331 as a second bottom portion, four side walls 332 , 333 , 334 , and 335 provided to stand in the z-axis direction from the second bottom plate 331 , and a lid body 336 .
- the second accommodating body 33 is configured of a box body that has a second accommodation space 330 and has such a size with which the second accommodating body 33 can sufficiently accommodate the entire first accommodating body 31 .
- the space surrounded by the second bottom plate 331 , the side walls 332 , 333 , 334 , and 335 and the lid body 336 is the second accommodation space 330 .
- the second bottom plate 331 has a rectangular shape in a plan view.
- the side walls 332 and 333 are provided along the long side of the second bottom plate 331 , that is, along the x-axis direction and face each other in the y-axis direction.
- the side walls 334 and 335 are provided along the short side of the second bottom plate 331 , that is, along the y-axis direction and face each other in the x-axis direction.
- the lid body 336 is configured of a plate-shaped member having substantially the same shape as the second bottom plate 331 .
- the lid body 336 is joined to the edge portion of the side wall 332 on the +z-axis side and is configured to be rotatable around this joined portion as an axis. It is possible to open and close the second accommodation space 330 through the turning.
- the lid body 336 has a folded portion 337 obtained by folding the edge portion other than the portion joined to the side wall 332 .
- the folded portion 337 overlaps with the side walls 333 to 335 . It is thus possible to prevent dirt, dust, or the like from being mixed into the second accommodation space 330 from the outside in the state in which the lid body 336 is closed.
- the lid body 336 is not limited to the aforementioned configuration, may be joined to the side wall 333 , may be joined to the side wall 334 , or may be joined to the side wall 335 , for example. Also, the lid body 336 may be configured as a separate element from the side walls 332 to 335 . In addition, the lid body 336 may be omitted.
- Each second buffering material 34 is a member formed by cutting the aforementioned sheet-shaped web S similarly to the first buffering material 32 . Also, the second buffering materials 34 are disposed on the second bottom plate 331 and the lid body 336 with an orientation with which the fiber orientation direction DS follows the x-y plane. In other words, in each second buffering material 34 , the sheet-shaped webs S are disposed with an orientation with which the thickness directions thereof follow the x-axis direction, and end surfaces, that is, side surfaces function as second pressure receiving surfaces b that come into contact with the first accommodating body 31 .
- the second buffering materials 34 have the sheet-shaped webs S that are at least one second sheet-shaped web that has the second pressure receiving surface b that comes into contact with the first accommodating body 31 and contains fibers and a bonding material that bonds the fibers. Also, the second buffering materials 34 are used in an orientation with which the end surfaces of the sheet-shaped webs S serve as the second pressure receiving surfaces b. In this manner, it is possible to exhibit an excellent buffering effect with a similar principle to that described for the first buffering material 32 . Therefore, it is possible to effectively prevent excessive impact from being applied to the first accommodating body 31 and thus the accommodated articles 300 .
- each second buffering materials 34 is configured of a laminated body in which the four sheet-shaped webs S are laminated in the x-axis direction. It is thus possible to increase the buffering effect.
- the second buffering materials 34 disposed on the second bottom plate 331 have first portions 341 that come into contact with the second bottom plate 331 , second portions 342 that come into contact with the side wall 332 , and third portions 343 that come into contact with the side wall 333 .
- the second buffering materials 34 are disposed on the second bottom plate 331 , the side wall 332 , and the side wall 333 .
- the second buffering materials 34 are disposed on the second bottom plate 331 , the side wall 332 , and the side wall 333 in this embodiment, the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the second buffering materials 34 may be disposed on one or two of these.
- the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and these portions may be configured as separate elements.
- the second accommodating body 33 has the side walls 332 to 335 provided to stand from the second bottom plate 331 that is the second bottom portion.
- the second buffering materials 34 are disposed on at least one of the second bottom plate 331 and the side walls 332 to 335 . It is thus possible to prevent or further effectively prevent an excessive impact from being applied to the first accommodating body 31 and thus the accommodated articles 300 .
- the second accommodating body 33 has the lid body 336 , and the second buffering materials 34 are disposed on the lid body 336 . In this manner, it is possible to exhibit an excellent buffering function when an impact of pressing the first accommodating body 31 against the second buffering materials 34 from the ⁇ z-axis side toward the +z-axis side is applied to the accommodating body 30 .
- the second buffering materials 34 disposed on the lid body 336 are disposed to overlap the second buffering materials 34 disposed on the second bottom plate 331 when seen in the z-axis direction in a state in which the lid body 336 is closed. It is thus possible to sandwich the first accommodating body 31 from the +z-axis side and the ⁇ z-axis side with the second buffering materials 34 . Therefore, it is possible to stably retain the first accommodating body 31 .
- the second buffering materials 34 have unevenness formed at portions at which the second buffering materials 34 come into contact with the first accommodating body 31 . In this manner, it is possible to deform projecting portions of the second buffering materials 34 with priority when the first accommodating body 31 is pressed against the second buffering materials 34 . Therefore, it is possible to further effectively exhibit the buffering function.
- the accommodating body 30 includes the second accommodating body 33 that has the second bottom plate 331 that is the second bottom portion and accommodates the first accommodating body 31 and the second buffering materials 34 that come into contact with the first accommodating body 31 accommodated in the second accommodating body 33 . In this manner, it is possible to further effectively prevent excessive impact from being applied to the first accommodating body 31 and thus the accommodated articles 300 .
- the material configuring the first accommodating body 31 and the second accommodating body 33 is not particularly limited, the first accommodating body 31 and the second accommodating body 33 are preferably configured of fibers as described above, that is, the first accommodating body 31 and the second accommodating body 33 are preferably configured of fibers manufactured by the sheet manufacturing apparatus 100 described above. It is thus possible to incinerate and dispose the entire accommodating body 30 when the accommodating body 30 is discarded.
- the second buffering materials 34 are disposed in the second accommodating body 33 in an orientation with which the fiber orientation direction DS follows the x-y plane similarly to the first buffering material 32 , the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the second buffering materials 34 may be disposed in the second accommodating body 33 with an orientation in which the fiber orientation direction DS follows a plane that is different from the x-y plane. Also, the second buffering materials 34 may be small pieces or the like obtained by cutting a buffering material with a configuration that is different from the aforementioned configuration, for example, styrofoam or a sheet.
- the present disclosure has been described above based on the illustrated embodiment, the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the configuration of each part may be replaced with an arbitrary configuration with a similar function. Also, other arbitrary configurations may be added to the accommodating body according to the present disclosure.
- each of the first accommodating body and the second accommodating body is configured to have four side walls in the aforementioned embodiment, the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and one or a plurality of the four side walls may be omitted, for example.
- the first accommodating body and the second accommodating body may have shapes like trays with lengths of the side walls in the z-axis direction that are shorter than those in the illustrated configurations.
- FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of a buffering material according to the present disclosure.
- FIG. 14 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the buffering material illustrated in FIG. 13 .
- FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining a buffering function and is a partially enlarged sectional view of the buffering material illustrated in FIG. 13 .
- FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining the buffering function and is a partially enlarged sectional view of the buffering material illustrated in FIG. 13 .
- FIG. 13 will also be referred to as “above” or an “upper side” while the lower side therein will also be referred to as “below” or a “lower side” for convenience of explanation.
- FIGS. 13 to 16 illustrate an x axis, a y axis, and a z axis as three axes that are orthogonal to each other for convenience of explanation.
- the direction that is parallel to the x axis will also be referred to as an “x-axis direction”
- the direction that is parallel to the y axis will also be referred to as a “y-axis direction”
- the direction that is parallel to the z axis will also be referred to as a “z-axis direction”.
- the leading end side of each illustrated arrow will be referred to as “+ (positive)” while the base end side thereof will be referred to as “ ⁇ (negative)”.
- the buffering material 1003 can be manufactured by a buffering material manufacturing apparatus 1100 , which will be described later.
- the buffering material 1003 is configured of a material containing fibers and a bonding material that binds the fibers.
- the buffering material 1003 is obtained by molding a sheet-shaped web 100 S manufactured by the buffering material manufacturing apparatus 1100 .
- Examples of the fibers contained in the material configuring the buffering material 1003 include a plant-derived fibers, animal-derived fibers such as wool, resin fibers such as polyamide, tetoron, rayon, cupra, acetate, vinylon, acryl, polyethylene terephthalate, and aramid, glass fibers, carbon fibers, and the like, and mixtures of one or two or more of these fibers.
- the fibers are preferably plant-derived fibers.
- Examples of the plant-derived fibers include cellulose fibers, cotton, linters, kapoks, flax, cannabis , ramie, silk, and the like, and it is possible to use one of these or to use a combination of two or more thereof.
- Cellulose fibers can be easily obtained and have excellent moldability into a wave shape.
- the cellulose fibers cellulose fibers derived from wood-based pulp is preferably used.
- wood-based pulp include virgin pulp, kraft pulp, bleached chemithermo-mechanical pulp, synthetic pulp, pulp derived from waste paper and recycled paper, and the like, and it is possible to use one of these or to use a combination of two or more thereof.
- the cellulose fibers may be any fibers that contain, as a main component, cellulose as a compound, that is, cellulose in a narrow sense and that have a fiber form, and cellulose fibers that contain hemicellulose or lignin corresponds thereto in addition to the cellulose in the narrow sense.
- the average fiber length of the fibers is not particularly limited, is preferably equal to or greater than 0.5 mm and equal to or less than 100 mm, and is more preferably equal to or greater than 0.5 mm and equal to or less than 50 mm. In this manner, binding is satisfactorily achieved by the bonding material, which will be described later, and excellent moldability into the sheet-shaped web 100 S and excellent moldability into the wave shape are achieved. In addition, it is possible to obtain appropriate rigidity after the molding and to satisfactorily exhibit the buffering function.
- the average fiber width of the fibers is not particularly limited, is preferably equal to or greater than 5 ⁇ m and equal to or less than 50 ⁇ m, and is more preferably equal to or greater than 7 ⁇ m and equal to or less than 40 ⁇ m. In this manner, binding is satisfactorily achieved by the bonding material, which will be described later, and excellent moldability into the sheet-shaped web 100 S and excellent moldability into the wave shape are achieved. In addition, it is possible to obtain appropriate rigidity after the molding and to satisfactorily exhibit the buffering function.
- the average aspect ratio of the plant-derived fibers that is, the ratio of the average length with respect to the average width thereof is preferably equal to or greater than 3 and equal to or less than 600 and is more preferably equal to or greater than 10 and equal to or less than 400.
- the fiber length and the fiber width can be obtained by performing measurement by using a fiber tester (manufactured by Lorentzen & Wettre), for example, and calculating a length weighted average value therefrom.
- the content of the fibers in the material configuring the buffering material 1003 is not particularly limited, is preferably equal to or greater than 50% by weight and equal to or less than 80% by weight, and is more preferably equal to or greater than 60% by weight and equal to or less than 75% by weight. With such content, excellent moldability into the sheet-shaped web 100 S and excellent moldability into the wave shape are achieved. In addition, it is possible to obtain appropriate rigidity after the molding and to satisfactorily exhibit the buffering function.
- the content of the plant-derived fibers, particularly, cellulose fibers in the entire fibers in the material configuring the buffering material 1003 is not particularly limited, is preferably equal to or greater than 60% by weight and equal to or less than 100% by weight, and is more preferably equal to or greater than 75% by weight and equal to or less than 100% by weight.
- the material configuring the buffering material 1003 preferably contains a binding resin as a bonding material that binds the fibers.
- a binding resin it is possible to use either a thermoplastic resin or a curable resin, and a binding resin mainly using a thermoplastic resin is preferably used.
- thermoplastic resin examples include polyolefins such as an AS resin, an ABS resin, polyethylene, polypropylene and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), modified polyolefins, acrylic resins such as polymethylmethacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, polyamides such as nylon 6, nylon 46, nylon 66, nylon 610, nylon 612, nylon 11, nylon 12, nylon 6-12, and nylon 6-66 (nylon: registered trademark), polyamideimide, polyphenylene ether, polyacetal, polyether, polyphenylene oxide, modified polyphenylene ether, polyether ether ketone, polycarbonate, polyphenylene sulfide, thermoplastic polyimide, polyetherimide, liquid crystal polymers such as aromatic polyester, fluorine resins such as polytetrafluoroethylene, and various thermoplastic elastomers such as a styrene
- thermoplastic resins include polyester and resins containing polyester.
- the thermoplastic resins may include biomass plastic and biodegradable plastic such as a polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, modified starch, polyhydroxybutyrate, polybutylene succinate, and polybutylene succinate adipate. This improves environmental compatibility.
- the binding resin may contain a curable resin such as a thermosetting resin or a photosetting resin.
- the thermosetting resin may include an epoxy resin and a phenol resin, and the thermosetting resin may contain one of these or two or more thereof.
- the form of the bonding material contained in the material configuring the buffering material 1003 is not particularly limited and preferably the bonding material is added in the form of particles.
- the bonding material is preferably added as powder with an average particle diameter of equal to or greater than 1 ⁇ m and equal to or less than 500 ⁇ m and is more preferably as powder with an average particle diameter of equal to or greater than 3 ⁇ m and equal to or less than 400 ⁇ m.
- the resin is likely to be uniformly dispersed in the fibers, and it is possible to obtain the buffering material 1003 with no irregularity in rigidity and a buffering function.
- a mean volume diameter (MVD) measured using a laser diffraction-type particle size distribution measurement apparatus for example, as the average particle diameter of the particles.
- the particle size distribution measurement apparatus using a laser diffraction and scattering method as a measurement principle that is, the laser diffraction-type particle size distribution measurement apparatus can measure particle size distribution on a volume basis.
- the content of the bonding material in the material configuring the buffering material 1003 is preferably equal to or greater than 20% by weight and equal to or less than 40% by weight, is more preferably equal to or greater than 25% by weight and equal to or less than 35% by weight, and is further preferably equal to or greater than 27% by weight and equal to or less than 32% by weight. In this manner, excellent moldability into a wave shape is achieved. In other words, it is possible to prevent wrinkles and breakage from occurring at the time of the molding while satisfactorily binding the fibers with no irregularity. Also, the obtained buffering material 1003 has sufficient strength and an excellent buffering function.
- the material configuring the buffering material 1003 may contain components other than the fibers and the bonding material.
- the following additives are exemplified.
- the additives include a neutralizing agent, a fixing agent, a viscous agent, a sizing agent, a paper strengthening agent, a defoaming agent, a water retaining agent, a water resistant agent, an aggregation inhibitor for curbing fiber aggregation and resin aggregation, colorants such as carbon black and white pigments, flame retardants, and the like.
- the density of the material configuring such a buffering material 1003 is preferably equal to or greater than 0.5 g/cm 3 and equal to or less than 2.0 g/cm 3 and is more preferably equal to or greater than 0.7 g/cm 3 and equal to or less than 1.8 g/cm 3 . In this manner, it is possible to effectively prevent wrinkles or breakage from occurring at the time of molding the buffering material 1003 , and the obtained buffering material 1003 has sufficient strength, has appropriate impact absorption properties, and is excellent as a buffering material.
- an average thickness Ta of the sheet-shaped web 100 S is not particularly limited, is preferably equal to or greater than 0.15 mm and equal to or less than 2.0 mm, and is more preferably equal to or greater than 0.2 mm and equal to or less than 1.7 mm. In this manner, the buffering material 1003 has sufficient rigidity.
- the buffering material 1003 has a molded article 1030 obtained by molding the sheet-shaped web 100 S, which has a first surface 1030 A and a second surface 1030 B opposite to each other, into a wave shape.
- the molded article 1030 has first curved portions 1031 , second curved portions 1032 , and intermediate portions 1033 .
- the overall shape of the molded article 1030 is a block shape in the illustrated configuration. However, the shape is not limited thereto and may be any shape such as a plate shape, a block shape, or a box shape, for example.
- the first curved portions 1031 are located on the +z-axis side.
- the first curved portions 1031 are portions of the folded sheet-shaped web 100 S so as to project on the side of the first surface 1030 A.
- Five first curved portions 1031 are provided in the illustrated configuration, and these are aligned in the x-axis direction. Note that it is only necessary to provide at least one first curved portion 1031 and the number thereof may not be limited to that in the illustrated configuration.
- the second curved portions 1032 are located on the ⁇ z-axis side.
- the second curved portions 1032 are portions of the folded sheet-shaped web 100 S so as to project on the side of the second surface 1030 B.
- five second curved portions 1032 are provided in the illustrated configuration, and these are aligned in the x-axis direction.
- the positions of the first curved portions 1031 and the second curved portions 1032 deviate from each other in the x-axis direction.
- the amount of deviation corresponds to a half pitch. Note that it is only necessary to provide at least one second curved portion 1032 and the number thereof is not limited to that in the illustrated configuration.
- first curved portions 1031 or second curved portions 1032 function as pressure receiving portions that come into contact with a buffering target 1200 illustrated in FIG. 14 .
- the intermediate portions 1033 are located between the first curved portions 1031 and the second curved portions 1032 .
- the sheet-shaped web 100 S is disposed in an orientation with which the x-axis direction corresponds to the thickness direction thereof. Therefore, in the intermediate portions 1033 , the fibers are oriented the direction that intersects the plane direction of the y-z plane, that is, the plane direction of the molded article 1030 .
- “The fibers are oriented in the direction that intersects the plane direction of the molded article 1030 ” means that a main orientation direction of the fibers is the thickness direction of the molded article 1030 , that is, the direction that follows the plane direction of the sheet-shaped web 100 S before the molding. In other words, it is possible to state that in the intermediate portions, the fibers are oriented in the plane direction of the first surface 1030 A and the second surface 1030 B at the intermediate portions 1033 .
- the degree of orientation in the x-axis direction is lower than the degree of orientation in the y-axis direction and the degree of orientation in the Z-axis direction. Then, the fibers are randomly oriented in the y-z plane. However, the degree of orientation in the z-axis direction may be larger than the degree of orientation in the y-axis direction.
- the surface of the sheet-shaped web 100 S or a sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 which will be described later, is observed under conditions of equal to or greater than 200-fold magnification and equal to or less than 500-fold magnification using a digital microscope (VHX5000 manufactured by KEYENCE CORPORATION). Also, fifty fibers are randomly selected from the fibers observed with the digital microscope, orientation directions with reference to the observed surface are measured, and an average value thereof is calculated and regarded as an orientation direction of the fibers.
- the proportion of the number of fibers in a predetermined direction can be obtained by obtaining T1/T2 on the assumption that the number of fibers that have orientation directions in a predetermined orientation direction is T1 and the number of fibers that have orientation directions different from the predetermined direction is T2. Then, a predetermined direction at which a maximum proportion of the number of fibers is obtained can be regarded as the orientation direction of the fibers in the sheet-shaped web 100 S.
- the sheet-shaped web 100 S is laminated in plural in the thickness direction thereof at the intermediate portions 1033 .
- Adjacent intermediate portions 1033 are not secured in this embodiment.
- the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the adjacent intermediate portions 1033 may be secured.
- the securing method is not particularly limited, examples thereof include methods such as adhesion, pressure bonding, fusion, securing via a securing member, and the like.
- the sheet-shaped web 100 S is laminated in the thickness direction of the sheet-shaped web 100 S at the intermediate portions 1033 . In this manner, it is possible to increase the buffering function as will be described later in accordance with the number of laminated layers and to further increase a range in the buffering material 1003 that exhibits the buffering function.
- the first curved portions 1031 are deformed to collapse first. Since the first curved portions 1031 have a curved shape, the first curved portions 1031 are likely to be deformed and have an excellent buffering function. The same also applies to the second curved portions 1032 .
- the fibers are oriented in the plane direction of the y-z plane as described above. Therefore, when an external force is applied to the intermediate portions 1033 from the +z-axis side, the fibers with an orientation in the z-axis direction, in particular, move on the ⁇ x-axis sides or the ⁇ y-axis sides to avoid the external force. Impact energy of the external force is consumed by the movement of the fibers to disaggregate the fibers from a state in which the fibers are bonded by the bonding material, and the external force is mitigated and absorbed. As a result, it is possible to exhibit an excellent buffering function.
- the fibers move in a direction that is different from the direction in which the fibers have received the external force, the density of the fibers is unlikely to increase. Therefore, it is possible to sufficiently exhibit a buffering function even when the buffering material 1003 is repeatedly used.
- the buffering material 1003 can exhibit an excellent buffering function. Since the buffering material 1003 is manufactured by the buffering material manufacturing apparatus 1100 , which will be described later, there are no adverse effects on an environment, and excellent recyclability can also be achieved.
- the buffering material 1003 is configured of the molded article 1030 obtained by molding the sheet-shaped web 100 S that contains the fibers and the bonding material that bonds the fibers and that has the first surface 1030 A and the second surface 1030 B opposite to each other.
- the molded article 1030 is molded into a wave shape that has the first curved portions 1031 projecting on the side of the first surface 1030 A, the second curved portions 1032 projecting on the side of the second surface 1030 B, and the intermediate portions 1033 located between the first curved portions 1031 and the second curved portions 1032 .
- the fibers are oriented in directions that intersect the plane direction of the molded article 1030 at the intermediate portions 1033 .
- the buffering material 1003 when an impact is applied to the buffering material 1003 , the first curved portions 1031 and the second curved portions 1032 are deformed and can exhibit the buffering function. Also, when an impact is applied to the buffering material 1003 , the fibers in the intermediate portions 1033 are likely to move, and it is possible to exhibit the buffering function through the movement. Due to these synergistic effects, the buffering material 1003 can exhibit an excellent buffering function.
- the first curved portions 1031 or the second curved portions 1032 are used as the pressure receiving portions that come into contact with the buffering target 1200 . In this manner, it is possible to deform the first curved portions 1031 and the second curved portions 1032 with priority and to achieve an excellent buffering function.
- the present disclosure is not limited to the aforementioned configuration, and the side surface of the molded article 1030 on the +y-axis side or the side surface thereof on the ⁇ y-axis side may be used as the pressure receiving portion, for example.
- the adjacent intermediate portions 1033 are not secured in this embodiment as described above.
- the adjacent intermediate portions 1033 are able to be relatively move.
- the intermediate portions 1033 are separated from each other, the first curved portions 1031 and the second curved portions 1032 are more likely to be deformed, for example, and a further excellent buffering function is achieved.
- an impact energy of an external force is consumed due to friction between the intermediate portions 1033 , for example, and a further excellent buffering function is achieved.
- the direction in which the first curved portions 1031 and the second curved portions 1032 are connected is a second direction, namely, the z-axis direction
- the direction orthogonal to the x-axis direction and the z-axis direction is a third direction, namely a y-axis direction
- the area C of a shape of the molded article 1030 projected in the y-axis direction satisfy relationships of B>A and B>C.
- buffering materials 1003 may be used alone, or a plurality of such buffering materials 1003 may be used in an overlapping or aligned manner.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of the buffering material manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing the buffering material illustrated in FIG. 13 .
- FIG. 18 is a sectional view of a first molding portion illustrated in FIG. 17 .
- FIG. 19 is a side view of the first molding portion illustrated in FIG. 17 .
- FIG. 20 is a view of a second molding portion illustrated in FIG. 17 when viewed from the +Z-axis side.
- FIG. 17 will also be referred to as “above” or an “upper side” while the lower side therein will also be referred to as “below” or a “lower side” for convenience of explanation.
- FIGS. 17 to 20 illustrate the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis as three axes that are orthogonal to each other for convenience of explanation.
- the direction that is parallel to the X axis will also be referred to as an “X-axis direction”
- the direction that is parallel to the Y axis will also be referred to as a “Y-axis direction”
- a direction that is parallel to the Z axis will also be referred to as a “Z-axis direction”.
- the leading end side of each illustrated arrow will be referred to as “+ (positive)” while the base end side thereof will be referred to as “ ⁇ (negative)”.
- the buffering material manufacturing apparatus 1100 illustrated in FIG. 13 includes a raw material supply portion 1011 , a crushing portion 1012 , a defibration portion 1013 , a sorting portion 1014 , a first web forming portion 1015 , a fine sorting portion 1016 , a mixing portion 1017 , a dispersion portion 1018 , an accumulating portion 1019 , and a molding portion 1020 .
- the buffering material manufacturing apparatus 1100 includes a humidifying portion 1251 , a humidifying portion 1252 , a humidifying portion 1253 , a humidifying portion 1254 , a humidifying portion 1255 , a humidifying portion 1256 , a blower 1261 , a blower 1262 , and a blower 1263 .
- each of the portions included in the buffering material manufacturing apparatus 1100 for example, each of the raw material supply portion 1011 , the crushing portion 1012 , the defibration portion 1013 , the sorting portion 1014 , the first web forming portion 1015 , the fine sorting portion 1016 , the mixing portion 1017 , the dispersion portion 1018 , the accumulating portion 1019 , the molding portion 1020 , and the like is electrically coupled to a control portion 1028 . Also, operations of each of these portions are controlled by the control portion 1028 .
- the control portion 1028 includes a central processing unit (CPU) 1281 and a storage portion 1282 .
- the CPU 1281 can execute various determinations and various commands, for example.
- the storage portion 1282 stores, for example, various programs such as a program regarding operations up to the molding of the fiber molded article.
- the control portion 1028 may be incorporated in the buffering material manufacturing apparatus 1100 or may be provided in an external device such as an external computer. Also, there may be a case in which the external device communicates with the buffering material manufacturing apparatus 1100 via a cable or the like, a case in which wireless communication is performed therebetween, and a case in which the external device is coupled to the buffering material manufacturing apparatus 1100 via a network such as the Internet, for example.
- the CPU 1281 and the storage portion 1282 may be integrated and configured as a single unit, for example, or the CPU 1281 may be incorporated in the buffering material manufacturing apparatus 1100 while the storage portion 1282 may be provided in an external device such as an external computer, or the storage portion 1282 may be incorporated in the buffering material manufacturing apparatus 1100 while the CPU 1281 may be provided in an external device such as an external computer.
- the buffering material manufacturing apparatus 1100 executes a raw material supply step, a crushing step, a defibration step, a sorting step, a first web forming step, a decoupling step, a mixing step, a web forming step, a first molding step, a second molding step, and a cutting step in this order.
- the web forming step, the first molding step, and the second molding step are steps included in the method for manufacturing a buffering material according to the present disclosure. Note that steps other than these may be included in the method for manufacturing a buffering material according to the present disclosure.
- the raw material supply portion 1011 is a portion that performs the raw material supply step of supplying a raw material 10 M 1 to the crushing portion 1012 .
- a sheet-shaped material containing the aforementioned plant-derived fibers that is, cellulose fibers is preferably used.
- the raw material 10 M 1 may be in any form such as a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric.
- the raw material 10 M 1 may be, for example, recycled paper manufactured by defibrating waste paper or synthetic paper, representative examples of which include YUPO paper. YUPO paper is a registered trademark.
- the crushing portion 1012 is a portion that performs the crushing step of crushing the raw material 10 M 1 supplied from the raw material supply portion 1011 in gas such as in atmosphere.
- the crushing portion 1112 is usually configured of a shredder and has a pair of crushing blades 1121 and a chute 1122 .
- the pair of crushing blades 1121 can crush, that is, cut the raw material 10 M 1 therebetween into crushed pieces 10 M 2 that are small strip-shaped pieces, that is, shredded pieces by rotating in mutually opposite directions.
- the shape and the size of the crushed pieces 10 M 2 are preferably suitable for the defibration process performed by the defibration portion 1013 , are preferably small pieces with a length of a side of equal to or less than 100 mm, and are preferably small pieces with a length of a side of equal to or greater than 10 mm and equal to or less than 70 mm.
- the chute 1122 is disposed below the pair of crushing blades 1121 and has a funnel shape, for example. In this manner, the chute 1122 can receive the crushed pieces 10 M 2 crushed by and dropping from the crushing blades 1121 .
- the humidifying portion 1251 is disposed above the chute 1122 to be adjacent to the pair of crushing blades 1121 .
- the humidifying portion 1251 is for humidifying the crushed pieces 10 M 2 in the chute 1122 .
- the humidifying portion 1251 has a filter containing water, which is not illustrated, and is configured of a humidifier of a vaporization type or a warm wind vaporization type that supplies humidified air with increased humidity to the crushed pieces 10 M 2 by causing air to pass through the filter. It is possible to curb adhesion of the crushed pieces 10 M 2 to the chute 1122 due to static electricity by the humidified air being supplied to the crushed pieces 10 M 2 .
- the chute 1122 is coupled to the defibration portion 1013 via a pipe 1241 configuring a flow path.
- the crushed pieces 10 M 2 collected in the chute 1122 pass through the pipe 1241 and are transported to the defibration portion 1013 .
- the defibration portion 1013 is a portion that performs the defibration step of defibrating the crushed pieces 10 M 2 in the air, that is, in a dry method. It is possible to generate defibrated articles 10 M 3 from the crushed pieces 10 M 2 through the defibration process performed by the defibration portion 1013 .
- “defibrating” means disentangling the crushed pieces 10 M 2 obtained by the plurality of fibers being bonded into each one piece. Then, the disentangled articles are the defibrated articles 10 M 3 .
- the shape of the defibrated articles 10 M 3 is a line shape or a strip shape.
- the defibration portion 1013 is configured of an impeller mill that has a rotor rotating at a high speed and a liner located at an outer periphery of the rotor in the present embodiment, for example.
- the crushed pieces 10 M 2 that have flowed into the defibration portion 1013 are pinched and defibrated between the rotor and the liner.
- the defibration portion 1013 can generate an air flow directed from the crushing portion 1012 to the sorting portion 1014 through the rotation of the rotor. In this manner, it is possible to suction the crushed pieces 10 M 2 from the pipe 1241 to the defibration portion 1013 . Also, it is possible to send the defibrated articles 10 M 3 to the sorting portion 1014 via a pipe 1242 after the defibration process.
- a blower 1261 is placed at a midpoint of the pipe 1242 .
- the blower 1261 is an air flow generating device that generates an air flow directed to the sorting portion 1014 . In this manner, the transport of the defibrated articles 10 M 3 to the sorting portion 1014 is promoted.
- the sorting portion 1014 is a portion that performs the sorting step of sorting the defibrated articles 10 M 3 depending on how long the fibers are.
- the defibrated articles 10 M 3 are sorted into first sorted articles 1 M 4 - 1 and second sorted articles 1 M 4 - 2 that are greater than the first sorted articles 1 M 4 - 1 .
- the fibers in the first sorted articles 1 M 4 - 1 have sizes suitable for the manufacturing of the sheet-shaped web 100 S performed thereafter or further the manufacturing of the buffering material 1003 . This value is as described above.
- the second sorted articles 1 M 4 - 2 include, for example, articles that have insufficiently been defibrated, articles in which the defibrated fibers are excessively aggregated, and the like.
- the sorting portion 1014 has a drum portion 1141 and a housing portion 1142 that accommodates the drum portion 1141 .
- the drum portion 1141 is a sieve configured of a net with a cylindrical shape and rotates about a center axis thereof.
- the defibrated articles 10 M 3 flow into the drum portion 1141 through the pipe 1242 .
- the defibrated articles 10 M 3 that are smaller than the mesh of the net are sorted as the first sorted articles 1 M 4 - 1
- the defibrated articles 10 M 3 with a size of greater than the mesh of the net are sorted as the second sorted articles 1 M 4 - 2 , through the rotation of the drum portion 1141 .
- the first sorted articles 1 M 4 - 1 drop from the drum portion 1141 .
- the second sorted articles 1 M 4 - 2 are sent to a pipe 1243 coupled to the drum portion 1141 .
- the pipe 1243 is coupled to the pipe 1241 on the opposite side of the drum portion 1141 , that is, on the side downstream in the transport direction.
- the second sorted articles 1 M 4 - 2 that have passed through the pipe 1243 meet the crushed pieces 10 M 2 in the pipe 1241 and flow into the defibration portion 1013 along with the crushed pieces 10 M 2 .
- the second sorted articles 1 M 4 - 2 are returned to the defibration portion 1013 and are subject to the defibration process along with the crushed pieces 10 M 2 .
- the first sorted articles 1 M 4 - 1 that have passed through the drum portion 1141 drop when being dispersed in the air, and are directed to the first web forming portion 1015 as the separation portion located below the drum portion 1141 .
- the first web forming portion 1015 is a portion that performs the first web forming step of forming a first web 10 M 5 from the first sorted articles 1 M 4 - 1 .
- the first web forming portion 1015 has the mesh belt 1151 , three tension rollers 1152 , and a suctioning portion 1153 .
- the mesh belt 1151 is an endless belt, on which the first sorted articles 1 M 4 - 1 are accumulated.
- the mesh belt 1151 is hung around the three tension rollers 1152 .
- the tension rollers 1152 are coupled to a drive portion including a drive source such as a motor, a transmission, and the like, which is not illustrated, are driven to rotate by the driving of the drive portion, and the first sorted articles 1 M 4 - 1 on the mesh belt 1151 are transported downstream.
- the first sorted articles 1 M 4 - 1 have a size of greater than the mesh of the mesh belt 1151 . In this manner, passing of the first sorted articles 1 M 4 - 1 through the mesh belt 1151 is restricted, and it is thus possible to accumulate the first sorted articles 1 M 4 - 1 on the mesh belt 1151 . Also, the first sorted articles 1 M 4 - 1 are transported downstream along with the mesh belt 1151 when being accumulated on the mesh belt 1151 , thereby forming a layered first web 10 M 5 .
- foreign matters 10 CM that is, dirt, dust, or the like may be mixed in the first sorted articles 1 M 4 - 1 .
- the foreign matters 10 CM may be generated through the crushing or the defibration, for example.
- Such foreign matters 10 CM are then collected by a collecting portion 1027 , which will be described later.
- the suctioning portion 1153 can suction the air from the lower side of the mesh belt 1151 . In this manner, it is possible to suction the foreign matters 10 CM passing through the mesh belt 1151 along with the air.
- the suctioning portion 1153 is coupled to the collecting portion 1027 via a pipe 1244 .
- the foreign matters 10 CM suctioned by the suctioning portion 1153 are collected to the collecting portion 1027 .
- a pipe 1245 is further coupled to the collecting portion 1027 .
- the blower 1262 is placed at a midpoint of the pipe 1245 . It is possible to generate a suctioning force in the suctioning portion 1153 through the operation of the blower 1262 . In this manner, the formation of the first web 10 M 5 on the mesh belt 1151 is promoted.
- the first web 10 M 5 is a product from which the foreign matters 10 CM have been removed.
- the dirt and the dust pass through the pipe 1244 and reach the collecting portion 1027 through the operation of the blower 1262 .
- the humidifying portion 1252 is coupled to a housing portion 1142 .
- the humidifying portion 1252 is configured of a humidifier of a vaporization type that is similar to the humidifying portion 1251 . In this manner, humidified air is supplied into the housing portion 1142 .
- the humidified air can humidify the first sorted articles 1 M 4 - 1 , and it is thus possible to curb adhesion of the first sorted articles 1 M 4 - 1 to the inner wall of the housing portion 1142 due to static electricity.
- the humidifying portion 1255 is disposed downstream the sorting portion 1114 .
- the humidifying portion 1255 is configured of an ultrasonic humidifier that sprays water. It is thus possible to supply water to the first web 10 M 5 , and therefore, the amount of water in the first web 10 M 5 is adjusted. Adsorption of the first web 10 M 5 to the mesh belt 1151 due to static electricity can be curbed through the adjustment. In this manner, the first web 10 M 5 is easily peeled off from the mesh belt 1151 at the position at which the mesh belt 1151 is folded back at the tension rollers 1152 .
- the fine sorting portion 1116 is disposed downstream the humidifying portion 1255 .
- the fine sorting portion 1116 is a portion that performs the decoupling step of decoupling the first web 10 M 5 that has been peeled off from the mesh belt 1151 .
- the fine sorting portion 1116 has a propeller 1161 rotatably supported and a housing portion 1162 accommodating the propeller 1161 . It is possible to decouple the first web 10 M 5 by the rotating propeller 1161 .
- the decoupled first web 10 M 5 forms finely sorted articles 10 M 6 . Further, the finely sorted articles 10 M 6 are lowered in the housing portion 1162 .
- the humidifying portion 1253 is coupled to the housing portion 1162 .
- the humidifying portion 1253 is configured of a humidifier of a vaporization type that is similar to the humidifying portion 1251 . In this manner, humidified air is supplied into the housing portion 1162 . It is also possible to curb adhesion of the finely sorted articles 10 M 6 to the inner walls of the propeller 1161 and the housing portion 1162 due to static electricity with the humidified air.
- a mixing portion 1117 is disposed downstream the fine sorting portion 1116 .
- the mixing portion 1117 is a portion that performs the mixing step of mixing the finely sorted articles 10 M 6 and a resin 100 P.
- the mixing portion 1117 has a resin supply portion 1171 , a pipe 1172 , and a blower 1173 .
- the pipe 1172 couples the fine sorting portion 1016 to the dispersion portion 118 of the web forming portion 120 A and serves as a flow path through which a mixture 10 M 7 of the finely sorted articles 10 M 6 and the resin 100 P passes.
- the resin supply portion 1171 is coupled at a midpoint of the pipe 1172 .
- the resin supply portion 1171 has a screw feeder 1174 . It is possible to supply the resin 100 P as powder or particles to the pipe 1172 by the screw feeder 1174 being driven to rotate.
- the resin 100 P that has been supplied to the pipe 1172 is mixed with the finely sorted articles 10 M 6 and forms a mixture 10 M 7 .
- the resin 100 P is a binder that binds the fibers in a post-step, that is, a bonding material, and the content, the composition, and the particle diameter thereof are as described above.
- what is supplied from the resin supply portion 1171 may include the aforementioned additives as needed in addition to the resin 100 P.
- the additives may be supplied separately from the resin 100 P or may be contained in the resin 100 P in advance and may be supplied from the resin supply portion 1171 .
- the blower 1173 is placed at a midpoint of the pipe 1172 downstream the resin supply portion 1171 .
- the finely sorted articles 10 M 6 and the resin 100 P are mixed through an action of a rotating portion such as a blade included in the blower 1173 .
- the blower 1173 can generate an air flow directed to the dispersion portion 1018 that performs the next step.
- the finely sorted articles 10 M 6 and the resin 100 P can be stirred and mixed in the pipe 1172 using the air flow.
- the mixture 10 M 7 can flow into the dispersion portion 1018 of the web forming portion 1020 A in a state in which the finely sorted articles 10 M 6 and the resin 100 P are uniformly dispersed.
- the finely sorted articles 10 M 6 in the mixture 10 M 7 are disentangled into a finer fiber form in a process of passing through the pipe 1172 .
- a blending ratio of the fibers and the resin 100 P in the mixture 10 M 7 by adjusting the amount of supplied resin 100 P from the resin supply portion 1171 with respect to the finely sorted articles 10 M 6 flowing into the pipe 1172 from the fine sorting portion 1116 .
- the setting can be achieved by adjusting the rotation speed of the screw feeder 1174 to adjust the amount of supplied resin 100 p per unit time through the control performed by the control portion 1028 , for example. It is possible to set the content of fibers in the material configuring the buffering material 1003 or the content of resin to the appropriate value as described above through such setting.
- the web forming portion 120 A is a portion that forms the sheet-shaped web 10 S 1 and a portion that executes the web forming step.
- the web forming portion 120 A has the dispersion portion 1018 and the accumulating portion 1019 .
- the dispersion portion 1018 executes the dispersion step
- the accumulating portion 1019 executes the accumulation step.
- the web forming step includes the dispersion step and the accumulation step.
- the dispersion portion 1018 is a portion that performs the dispersion step of disentangling and dispersing the entangled fibers in the mixture 10 M 7 .
- the dispersion portion 1018 has a drum portion 1181 and a housing portion 1182 that accommodates the drum portion 1181 .
- the drum portion 1181 is a sieve configured of a net with a cylindrical shape and rotating about the center axis.
- the mixture 10 M 7 flows into the drum portion 1181 . Fibers and the like that are smaller than the mesh of the net in the mixture 10 M 7 can pass through the drum portion 1181 by the drum portion 1181 rotating. At that time, the mixture 10 M 7 is disentangled.
- drum portion 1181 is not limited to the rotating drum shape, the drum portion 1181 may be a sieve vibrating in the in-plane direction and having a mesh or may be configured to spray the mixture 10 M 7 as a spray.
- the accumulating portion 1019 is a portion that performs the web forming step of forming the sheet-shaped web 10 S 1 from the mixture 10 M 7 .
- the accumulating portion 1019 has a mesh belt 1191 , tension rollers 1192 , and a suctioning portion 1193 .
- the mesh belt 1191 is an endless belt, on which the mixture 10 M 7 is accumulated.
- the mesh belt 1191 is hung around four tension rollers 1192 . Then, the mixture 10 M 7 on the mesh belt 1191 is transported downstream by the tension rollers 1192 being driven to rotate.
- a most part of the mixture 10 M 7 on the mesh belt 1191 has a size of greater than the mesh of the mesh belt 1191 . In this manner, passing of the mixture 10 M 7 through the mesh belt 1191 is restricted, and it is thus possible to accumulate the mixture 10 M 7 on the mesh belt 1191 . Also, since the mixture 10 M 7 is transported downstream along with the mesh belt 1191 when being accumulated on the mesh belt 1191 , the mixture 10 M 7 forms a layered sheet-shaped web 1051 .
- the tension rollers 1192 are coupled to a drive portion with a drive source such as a motor, a transmission, and the like, which is not illustrated, and can rotate at a predetermined rotation speed through the operation of the drive portion. Operations of the drive portion are controlled by the control portion 1028 , and it is possible to make rotation speed of the tension rollers 1192 variable, in particular, it is possible to set the rotation speed in multiple stages or in no stage.
- a drive source such as a motor, a transmission, and the like
- the suctioning portion 1193 can suction the air from the lower side of the mesh belt 1191 . In this manner, it is possible to suction the mixture 10 M 7 on the mesh belt 1191 , that is, the sheet-shaped web 1051 downward, the accumulation of the mixture 10 M 7 on the mesh belt 1191 is thus promoted, and it is possible to promote the adjustment of the thickness of the sheet-shaped web 1051 , which will be described later.
- a pipe 1246 is coupled to the suctioning portion 1193 .
- the blower 1263 is placed at a midpoint of the pipe 1246 . It is possible to generate a suctioning force by the suctioning portion 1193 through the operations of the blower 1263 .
- the operations of the blower 1263 are controlled by the control portion 1028 .
- a part of the mixture 10 M 7 that has passed through the mesh belt 1191 due to the air flow suctioned by the suctioning portion 1193 is returned to an upstream path, which is not illustrated, due to the air flow from the blower 1263 and is supplied into the pipe 1241 and the housing portion 1162 , for example, and it is thus possible to recycle the part of the mixture 10 M 7 .
- the buffering material manufacturing apparatus 1100 has the suctioning portion 1193 that suctions the sheet-shaped web 1051 on the mesh belt 1191 via the mesh belt 1191 .
- the accumulation of the mixture 10 M 7 on the mesh belt 1191 is promoted, and it is possible to promote the adjustment of the thickness of the sheet-shaped web 10 S 1 .
- the fibers are randomly oriented along the X-Y plane on the surface of the mesh belt 1191 .
- the obtained sheet-shaped web 10 S 1 has a first surface 130 A and a second surface 130 B opposite to each other. In the sheet-shaped web 10 S 1 , the fibers are oriented in the plane direction of the first surface 130 A and the second surface 130 B.
- the web forming step is a step of forming the sheet-shaped web 10 S 1 , which contains the fibers and the resin 100 P as the bonding material that bonds the fibers and has the first surface 130 A and the second surface 130 B opposite to each other, and in which the fibers are oriented in the plane direction of the first surface 130 A and the second surface 130 B.
- the size of the fibers, in particular, the average fiber length of the fibers in the mixture 10 M 7 passing through the mesh belt 1191 can be finely adjusted within a further appropriate range by selecting the mesh of the mesh belt 1191 , adjusting the strength of the suctioning performed by the suctioning portion 1193 , and the like. In this manner, it is possible to cause the size of the fibers, in particular, the average fiber length of the fibers in the material configuring the buffering material 1003 to approach the appropriate value as described above.
- the web forming portion 120 A may further have a roller located upstream a roller, which will be described later, to perform at least either heating or pressurization, which is not illustrated. In this manner, it is possible to effectively adjust the thickness of the sheet-shaped web 1051 , the density of the configuring material, and the like.
- the humidifying portion 1254 is coupled to the housing portion 1182 .
- the humidifying portion 1254 is configured of a humidifier of a vaporization type that is similar to the humidifying portion 1251 . In this manner, humidified air is supplied into the housing portion 1182 .
- the humidified air can humidify the inside of the housing portion 1182 , and it is thus possible to curb adhesion of the mixture 10 M 7 to the inner wall of the housing portion 1182 due to static electricity.
- the humidifying portion 1256 is disposed downstream the dispersion portion 1018 .
- the humidifying portion 1256 is configured of an ultrasonic humidifier that is similar to the humidifying portion 1255 . In this manner, it is possible to supply water to the sheet-shaped web 10 S 1 , and the amount of water in the sheet-shaped web 1051 is thus adjusted. It is possible to curb adsorption of the sheet-shaped web 10 S 1 to the mesh belt 1191 due to static electricity through the adjustment. In this manner, the sheet-shaped web 10 S 1 is easily peeled off from the mesh belt 1191 at a position at which the mesh belt 1191 is folded back at the tension rollers 1192 .
- the amount of water added by the humidifying portions 1251 to 1256 is preferably equal to or greater than 0.5 parts by mass and equal to or less than 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the material before the humidification, for example.
- the first molding portion 120 B is disposed downstream the accumulating portion 1019 .
- the first molding portion 120 B is a portion that performs the first molding step of processing the sheet-shaped web 10 S 1 into a wave shape and molding the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 that is an intermediate article.
- the first molding portion 120 B has a pair of molding rollers 1021 .
- the pair of molding rollers 1021 are for heating and pressurizing the sheet-shaped web 1051 and are disposed above and below a transport path of the sheet-shaped web 1051 with the transport path interposed therebetween.
- the sheet-shaped web 1051 is heated, pressurized, and molded into a wave shape by passing between the pair of molding rollers 1021 .
- the molding rollers 1021 have a shape in which small diameter portions 1211 and large diameter portions 1212 are alternately disposed in an axis O direction. In other words, the molding rollers have a shape in which peaks and valleys are alternately disposed.
- the molding roller 1021 on the upper side is provided with five small diameter portions 1211 and with six large diameter portions 1212 .
- the molding roller 1021 on the lower side is provided with six small diameter portions 1211 and with seven large diameter portions 1212 .
- the molding roller 1021 on the upper side and the molding roller 1021 on the lower side are disposed with a deviation of a half pitch such that the small diameter portions 1211 and the large diameter portions 1212 overlap each other.
- the large diameter portions 1212 of the molding roller 1021 on the upper side enter the small diameter portions 1211 of the molding roller 1021 on the lower side, and the large diameter portions 1212 of the molding roller 1021 on the lower side enter the small diameter portions 1211 of the molding roller 1021 on the upper side. Also, the molding rollers 1021 on the upper side and the molding roller 1021 on the lower side are separated from each other with no contact.
- the sheet-shaped web 10 S 1 passes between the pair of molding rollers 1021 , the sheet-shaped web 10 S 1 is pressed by the large diameter portions 1212 of one of the molding rollers 1021 against the small diameter portions 1211 of the other molding roller 1021 to form folded-back portions, and also, the sheet-shaped web 1051 is pressed by the large diameter portions 1212 of the other molding roller 1021 against the small diameter portions 1211 of the one molding roller 1021 to form folded-back portions, thereby forming a sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 .
- the folded-back portions are formed in the Y-axis direction, and adjacent folded-back portions have different folded-back directions.
- the folded-back portions projecting on the +Z-axis side correspond to the first curved portions 1031
- the folded-back portions projecting on the ⁇ Z-axis side correspond to the second curved portions 1032 .
- the intermediate portions 1033 are in a state in which they are inclined in the Z-axis direction.
- the orientation direction of the fibers in the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 is the plane direction of the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 and is in a state along the irregularity of the molding rollers 1021 as represented by the dashed line in FIG. 18 .
- the orientation direction of the fibers in the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 is a direction along the wave shape formed in the first surface 130 A and the second surface 130 B and is the plane direction of the first surface 130 A and the second surface 130 B.
- one of the pair of molding rollers 1021 is a driving roller that is driven through operations of a motor, which is not illustrated, while the other molding roller 1021 is a driven roller.
- the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and both the pair of molding rollers 1021 may be coupled to a motor or may not be coupled to any motor.
- a pressing force that is, a molding load of the pair of molding rollers 1021 is preferably equal to or greater than 100 kgf and equal to or less than 20,000 kgf and is more preferably equal to or greater than 300 kgf and equal to or less than 10,000 kgf. In this manner, it is possible to more significantly express the wave shape of the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 .
- a pressure applied to the sheet-shaped web 10 S 1 at the time of the molding is preferably equal to or greater than 0.1 kgf/cm 2 and equal to or less than 100 kgf/cm 2 and is more preferably equal to or greater than 0.5 kgf/cm 2 and equal to or less than 50 kgf/cm 2 . In this manner, it is possible to more significantly express the wave shape of the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 .
- the pair of molding rollers 1021 also perform heating of the sheet-shaped web 10 S 1 in addition to the pressurization as described above. In this manner, the resin 100 P that is a binding agent is melted, and the fibers are bound via the melted resin 100 P in the sheet-shaped web 10 S 1 . Therefore, the shape of the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 molded into the wave shape is more likely to be maintained.
- the pressurization temperature of the molding rollers 1021 is preferably equal to or greater than 100° C. and equal to or less than 250° C. and is more preferably equal to or greater than 150° C. and equal to or less than 210° C. In this manner, it is possible to satisfactorily melt the resin 100 P and to more reliably perform the binding of the fibers.
- the transport speed of the sheet-shaped web 10 S 1 is preferably such a speed that allows the heating time of the molding rollers 1021 to be equal to or greater than 3 seconds and equal to or less than 400 seconds and is more preferably such a speed that allows the heating time to be equal to or greater than 10 seconds and equal to or less than 360 seconds. In this manner, it is possible to more reliably melt the resin 100 P.
- the molding rollers 1021 may be configured to perform either the heating or the pressurization.
- the molding rollers 1021 may omit the heating when the aforementioned web forming portion 1020 A has a roller that performs heating, in particular. Also, one of the pair of molding rollers 1021 may be omitted.
- the resin 100 P in the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 may be a state in which an entirety or a part of the resin 100 P is in a half-melted state and the fibers are not completely bound, in addition to the case in which the resin 100 P is completely solidified to bind the fibers.
- the first molding portion 120 B molds the sheet-shaped web 10 S 1 into the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 with a wave shape. Also, the molded sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 is transported to the second molding portion 120 C provided downstream the first molding portion 120 B.
- the second molding portion 1020 C is a portion that reduces the pitches of the wave shape of the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 that is an intermediate article and molding the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 into a sheet-shaped web 100 S that is a molded article 1030 .
- the second molding portion 120 C has a pair of guide members 1022 that are separated from each other in the Y-axis direction with the transport path of the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 interposed therebetween. Also, the pair of guide members 1022 have guide surfaces 1221 that come into contact with the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 that is being transported to narrow the width of the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 .
- the guide surfaces 1221 have a separation distance therebetween that decreases downstream in the transport direction, that is, on the +X-axis side.
- the separation distance between the guide members 1022 reaches the maximum separation distance 10 W 1 at an end on the ⁇ X-axis side and is longer than the width of the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 , that is, the length thereof in the Y-axis direction. In this manner, it is possible to more reliably cause the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 to pass between the pair of guide members 1022 .
- the minimum separation distance 10 W 2 is reached at the end on the +X-axis side and is shorter than the width of the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 , that is, the length thereof in the Y-axis direction. In this manner, the compression is performed in the direction of narrowing the width in the process in which the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 passes between the pair of guide members 1022 . Therefore, the pitches of the wave shape of the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 are narrowed.
- the guide surfaces 1221 are configured of curved surfaces that are curved in the mutually approaching direction. It is thus possible to more smoothly reduce the width of the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 .
- the second molding portion 120 C is compressed until the adjacent folded-back portions 1301 of the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 come into contact with each other. In this manner, intermediate portions 1302 are oriented in the up-down direction, and the intermediate portions 1033 are formed. In other words, the orientation direction of the fibers at the intermediate portions 1033 becomes the orientation along the X-Z plane.
- the sheet-shaped web 100 S as illustrated in FIG. 1 is molded.
- the sheet-shaped web 10 S 3 obtained through the second molding portion 120 C is transported toward the cutting portion 1205 disposed downstream.
- the cutting portion 1205 is a portion that performs the cutting step of cutting the sheet-shaped web 10 S 3 into a predetermined length to form the sheet-shaped web 100 S.
- the cutting portion 1205 has a pair of cutting blades 1206 disposed above and below a transport path of the sheet-shaped web 10 S 3 with the transport path interposed therebetween. Both the cutting blades 1206 operate to approach and be separated from each other and cut the sheet-shaped web 10 S 3 in a direction that intersects the transport direction, in particular, an orthogonal direction. Both the cutting blades 1206 operate at a predetermined timing corresponding to the transport speed of the sheet-shaped web 10 S 3 to cut the sheet-shaped web 10 S 3 into a desired length.
- the cutting blades may cut the sheet-shaped web 100 S in the direction that is parallel to the transport direction to adjust the width of the sheet-shaped web 100 S into a desired length. In this manner, one end and the other end of the sheet-shaped web 100 S in the width direction are cut and removed to adjust the sheet-shaped web 100 S into a desired web. As described above, the sheet-shaped web 100 S, that is, the buffering material 1003 is manufactured.
- the method for manufacturing a buffering material includes: the web forming step of forming the sheet-shaped web 10 S 1 which contains the fibers and the bonding material that bonds the fibers and has the first surface 130 A and the second surface 130 B opposite to each other, and in which the fibers are oriented in the plane direction of the first surface 130 A and the second surface 130 B; the first molding step of molding the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 that is an intermediate article with a wave shape that has the first curved portions 1031 projecting on the side of the first surface 130 A, the second curved portions 1032 projecting on the second surface 130 B, and the intermediate portions 1033 located between the first curved portions 1031 and the second curved portions 1032 ; and the second molding step of molding the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 into the sheet-shaped web 10 S 3 that is the molded article 1030 by reducing the pitches of the wave shape of the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 .
- the buffering material 1003 it is thus possible to easily and simply manufacture the buffering material 1003 according to the present disclosure. Also, it is possible to more effectively prevent or curb breakage or wrinkles at the time of the molding by molding the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 as the intermediate article once and then adjusting the pitches of the wave shape in the second molding step.
- the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 that is the intermediate article is molded by pressing the molding rollers 1021 with the small diameter portions 1211 and the large diameter portions 1212 alternately aligned in the axial direction against the sheet-shaped web 10 S 1 that is being transported in the first molding step. It is thus possible to collectively perform the molding and the transport and to manufacture the sheet-shaped web 10 S 1 and the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 without stopping the transport thereof at the time of the molding.
- the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 that is the intermediate article is caused to pass between the pair of guide members 1022 separated from each other by a distance that is narrower than the width of the sheet-shaped web 1052 .
- the buffering material manufacturing apparatus 1100 includes: the web forming portion 120 A that forms the sheet-shaped web 10 S 1 which contains the fibers and the bonding material that bonds the fibers and has the first surface 130 A and the second surface 130 B opposite to each other, and in which the fibers are oriented in the plane direction of the first surface 130 A and the second surface 130 B; the first molding portion 120 B that molds the sheet-shaped web 10 S 1 into the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 as the intermediate article with a wave shape that has the first curved portions 1031 projecting on the side of the first surface 130 A, the second curved portions 1032 projecting on the second surface 130 B, and the intermediate portions 1033 located between the first curved portions 1031 and the second curved portions 1032 ; and the second molding portion 120 c that molds the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 into the molded article by reducing the pitches of the wave shape of the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 .
- the buffering material 1003 it is thus possible to easily and simply manufacture the buffering material 1003 according to the present disclosure. Also, it is possible to more effectively prevent or curb breakage or wrinkles at the time of the molding by molding the sheet-shaped web 10 S 2 as the intermediate article once and then adjusting the pitches of the wave shape in the second molding step.
- FIG. 21 is a partially enlarged view illustrating a third embodiment of the buffering material manufacturing apparatus according to the present disclosure.
- the buffering material manufacturing apparatus 1100 has a cooling portion 120 D as a third molding portion downstream the second molding portion 120 C in this embodiment.
- the cooling portion 120 D has a function of cooling the sheet-shaped web 100 S.
- the resin 100 P as a binding agent in particular, is cooled, and it is thus possible to firmly bind the fibers. It is thus possible to fix the wave shape of the sheet-shaped web 100 S.
- the cooling portion 120 D is configured of a nozzle that sprays air, for example.
- the nozzle may be configured to spray the air onto the sheet-shaped web 100 S from the +Z-axis side, may be configured to spray the air onto the sheet-shaped web 100 S from the ⁇ Z-axis side, or may be configured to spray the air onto the sheet-shaped web 100 S from both the +Z-axis side and the ⁇ Z-axis side.
- the cooling temperature of the cooling portion 120 D depends on the composition of the resin 100 P, is preferably equal to or greater than 10° C. and equal to or less than 60° C., and is more preferably equal to or greater than 17° C. and equal to or less than 40° C., for example.
- the buffering material manufacturing apparatus 1100 has the cooling portion 120 D that cools the sheet-shaped web 100 S. It is thus possible to more effectively fix the wave shape of the sheet-shaped web 100 S.
- FIG. 22 is a perspective view of a fourth embodiment of the buffering material according to the present disclosure.
- the buffering material 1003 has two molded articles 1030 in this embodiment.
- the two molded articles 1030 are laminated in the Z-axis direction.
- the two molded articles 1030 are disposed in an orientation with which the first curved portions 1031 are located on the +Z-axis side and the second curved portions 1032 are located on the ⁇ Z-axis side.
- the direction in which the first curved portions 1031 are aligned and the direction in which the second curved portions 1032 are aligned are the Y-axis direction.
- the direction in which the first curved portions 1031 are aligned and the direction in which the second curved portions 1032 are aligned are the X-axis direction.
- the direction in which the first curved portions 1031 are aligned and the direction in which the second curved portions 1032 are aligned are different from each other, and in particular, the directions are orthogonal to each other.
- the orientation direction of the fibers at the intermediate portion 1033 is the plane direction of the X-Z plane.
- the orientation direction of the fibers at the intermediate portion 1033 is the plane direction of the Y-Z plane.
- the buffering material 1003 according to this embodiment can exhibit a further excellent buffering function against an impact from the Z-axis direction in accordance with the lamination of the two molded articles 1030 by the molded articles being disposed in such an orientation.
- the molded article 1030 on the upper side can exhibit an excellent buffering function against an impact from the X-axis direction as well.
- the molded article 1030 on the lower side can exhibit an excellent buffering function against an impact from the Y-axis direction as well.
- the buffering material 1003 can exhibit an excellent buffering function against impacts from the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction.
- the buffering material, the method for manufacturing the buffering material, and the buffering material manufacturing apparatus according to the present disclosure have been described above based on the illustrated embodiments, the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and a configuration of each part can be replaced with an arbitrary configuration with a similar function. Also, other arbitrary configurations or steps may be added to the buffering material, the method for manufacturing the buffering material, and the buffering material manufacturing apparatus according to the present disclosure.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (8)
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JPJP2020-007409 | 2020-01-21 | ||
JP2020-007405 | 2020-01-21 | ||
JPJP2020-007405 | 2020-01-21 | ||
JP2020007409A JP2021113082A (en) | 2020-01-21 | 2020-01-21 | Casing body |
JP2020-007409 | 2020-01-21 | ||
JP2020007405A JP7459521B2 (en) | 2020-01-21 | 2020-01-21 | Cushioning material manufacturing method and cushioning material manufacturing device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20210221096A1 US20210221096A1 (en) | 2021-07-22 |
US11565498B2 true US11565498B2 (en) | 2023-01-31 |
Family
ID=74194556
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US17/151,712 Active US11565498B2 (en) | 2020-01-21 | 2021-01-19 | Accommodating body, buffering material, method for manufacturing buffering material, and buffering material manufacturing apparatus |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11565498B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3854939B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN113215850A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2023074815A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2023-05-30 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | cushioning material |
Citations (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3648920A (en) * | 1968-11-20 | 1972-03-14 | Clevepak Corp | Tubular member |
US3777882A (en) * | 1971-05-20 | 1973-12-11 | D Mcintyre | Multi-tray instrument case |
US5040678A (en) * | 1990-06-07 | 1991-08-20 | Transpan Company | Biological sample transport container |
JPH0919907A (en) | 1995-07-10 | 1997-01-21 | New Oji Paper Co Ltd | Waste paper board |
US6341708B1 (en) * | 1995-09-25 | 2002-01-29 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Blast resistant and blast directing assemblies |
US6347700B1 (en) * | 1999-05-05 | 2002-02-19 | The Ensign-Bickford Company | Composite package for explosive items |
US20020033352A1 (en) * | 2000-09-15 | 2002-03-21 | Stephen Levin | Anti-motor fret package for multiple disk drives |
US20040060843A1 (en) * | 2002-09-30 | 2004-04-01 | Matt Sabol | Foam transportation tray |
WO2007018051A1 (en) | 2005-08-09 | 2007-02-15 | Nichimen Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | Process for production of laminated materials |
US7395922B1 (en) * | 2004-09-14 | 2008-07-08 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Container for grenades |
US7584851B2 (en) * | 2004-10-08 | 2009-09-08 | Seagate Technology Llc | Container for disk drives |
JP2010036945A (en) | 2008-08-01 | 2010-02-18 | Nihonsekiso Corp | Paper material for transportation |
US7810639B2 (en) * | 2006-02-10 | 2010-10-12 | Seagate Technology Llc | Container for consumer electronics |
US20110056868A1 (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2011-03-10 | Au Optronics Corporation | Packing Structure |
US20110089072A1 (en) * | 2009-10-16 | 2011-04-21 | Gillam Robert J | Custom impression case or tray |
US20110253589A1 (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2011-10-20 | Innovative Enterprises, Inc | Impact-absorbing package |
US8807341B2 (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2014-08-19 | Au Optronics Corporation | Cushion |
US9072653B2 (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2015-07-07 | Linda Nemard | Medication support case having removable and form-fitting support |
CN109969612A (en) | 2019-05-07 | 2019-07-05 | 周惠娟 | The packing box and its packing method of Puer Bulk Tea |
US20190232606A1 (en) | 2018-01-30 | 2019-08-01 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Sheet manufacturing apparatus and sheet manufacturing method |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4409274A (en) * | 1982-02-24 | 1983-10-11 | Westvaco Corporation | Composite material |
JPH05169576A (en) * | 1991-12-20 | 1993-07-09 | Yoshiki Tawada | Packing buffer material and production thereof |
JP3828637B2 (en) * | 1996-06-12 | 2006-10-04 | 久史 吉井 | Cushion material |
CN100480040C (en) * | 2005-03-02 | 2009-04-22 | 李士才 | Paper-mold hollow honeycombed package products and method for manufacturing the same |
DE602005009943D1 (en) | 2005-07-04 | 2008-11-06 | Cimsa Ingenieria De Sist S S A | Parachute control system |
CN102009786B (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2012-03-28 | 友达光电股份有限公司 | Buffer structure, packaging module and related shelf thereof |
CN101717014B (en) * | 2009-12-23 | 2012-04-18 | 友达光电股份有限公司 | Packing box structure |
JP6413522B2 (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2018-10-31 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Sheet manufacturing apparatus, sheet manufacturing method, sheet manufactured by these, composite used for these, and container for the same |
CN204250534U (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-04-08 | 河南华丽纸业包装股份有限公司 | A kind of Portable notebook computer box |
JP6645510B2 (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2020-02-14 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Sheet manufacturing apparatus, sheet manufacturing apparatus control method, and sheet manufacturing method |
CN206750342U (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-12-15 | 浙江机电职业技术学院 | A kind of emerald hand string packing box |
CN110092092A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-08-06 | 胜高股份有限公司 | Buffer component |
JP7109284B2 (en) | 2018-07-04 | 2022-07-29 | リケンテクノス株式会社 | Stain-removable paint for forming coating film, and decorative sheet using the same |
JP2020007409A (en) | 2018-07-04 | 2020-01-16 | 東レ株式会社 | Epoxy resin composition, prepreg and fiber-reinforced composite material |
CN209758012U (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-12-10 | 洛阳市雅浩义齿有限公司 | Packing carton for artificial tooth |
-
2021
- 2021-01-18 CN CN202110061107.7A patent/CN113215850A/en active Pending
- 2021-01-19 US US17/151,712 patent/US11565498B2/en active Active
- 2021-01-20 EP EP21152526.6A patent/EP3854939B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3648920A (en) * | 1968-11-20 | 1972-03-14 | Clevepak Corp | Tubular member |
US3777882A (en) * | 1971-05-20 | 1973-12-11 | D Mcintyre | Multi-tray instrument case |
US5040678A (en) * | 1990-06-07 | 1991-08-20 | Transpan Company | Biological sample transport container |
JPH0919907A (en) | 1995-07-10 | 1997-01-21 | New Oji Paper Co Ltd | Waste paper board |
US6341708B1 (en) * | 1995-09-25 | 2002-01-29 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Blast resistant and blast directing assemblies |
US6347700B1 (en) * | 1999-05-05 | 2002-02-19 | The Ensign-Bickford Company | Composite package for explosive items |
US20020033352A1 (en) * | 2000-09-15 | 2002-03-21 | Stephen Levin | Anti-motor fret package for multiple disk drives |
US20040060843A1 (en) * | 2002-09-30 | 2004-04-01 | Matt Sabol | Foam transportation tray |
US7395922B1 (en) * | 2004-09-14 | 2008-07-08 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Container for grenades |
US7584851B2 (en) * | 2004-10-08 | 2009-09-08 | Seagate Technology Llc | Container for disk drives |
WO2007018051A1 (en) | 2005-08-09 | 2007-02-15 | Nichimen Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | Process for production of laminated materials |
US7810639B2 (en) * | 2006-02-10 | 2010-10-12 | Seagate Technology Llc | Container for consumer electronics |
JP2010036945A (en) | 2008-08-01 | 2010-02-18 | Nihonsekiso Corp | Paper material for transportation |
US20110056868A1 (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2011-03-10 | Au Optronics Corporation | Packing Structure |
US20110089072A1 (en) * | 2009-10-16 | 2011-04-21 | Gillam Robert J | Custom impression case or tray |
US20110253589A1 (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2011-10-20 | Innovative Enterprises, Inc | Impact-absorbing package |
US8807341B2 (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2014-08-19 | Au Optronics Corporation | Cushion |
US9072653B2 (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2015-07-07 | Linda Nemard | Medication support case having removable and form-fitting support |
US20190232606A1 (en) | 2018-01-30 | 2019-08-01 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Sheet manufacturing apparatus and sheet manufacturing method |
CN110093805A (en) | 2018-01-30 | 2019-08-06 | 精工爱普生株式会社 | Sheet producing device and method of producing sheet |
CN109969612A (en) | 2019-05-07 | 2019-07-05 | 周惠娟 | The packing box and its packing method of Puer Bulk Tea |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20210221096A1 (en) | 2021-07-22 |
CN113215850A (en) | 2021-08-06 |
EP3854939B1 (en) | 2023-07-12 |
EP3854939A1 (en) | 2021-07-28 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US11306439B2 (en) | Fiber material accumulating apparatus and sheet manufacturing apparatus | |
CN113459236B (en) | Raw material for producing fiber molded body and method for producing fiber molded body | |
TWI703026B (en) | Net material forming device and sheet material manufacturing device | |
US20200114594A1 (en) | Fiber molded article and method of manufacturing fiber molded article | |
US11565498B2 (en) | Accommodating body, buffering material, method for manufacturing buffering material, and buffering material manufacturing apparatus | |
JP7459521B2 (en) | Cushioning material manufacturing method and cushioning material manufacturing device | |
US20210087727A1 (en) | Fiber structure and fiber structure block | |
JP2021113082A (en) | Casing body | |
EP3859082B1 (en) | Equipment for manufacturing fiber structure, method for manufacturing fiber structure, and fiber structure | |
US20200077215A1 (en) | Fiber molded product, fiber molding device, and manufacturing method of fiber molded product | |
JP2024048094A (en) | Fiber structure manufacturing device and fiber structure manufacturing method | |
US20200077216A1 (en) | Speaker vibration plate, speaker vibration plate manufacturing device, and manufacturing method of speaker vibration plate | |
EP4306701A2 (en) | Cushioning material | |
JP7271923B2 (en) | Defibrillation equipment and regeneration processing equipment | |
US20230150232A1 (en) | Buffer material | |
EP4019697B1 (en) | Fiber body forming apparatus and control method of fiber body forming apparatus | |
JP2023053538A (en) | Fiber body manufacturing method | |
JP2024010313A (en) | Buffer material | |
JP2024008404A (en) | Buffer material and buffer material structure | |
JP2024008405A (en) | Buffer material and buffer material structure | |
JP2023072262A (en) | cushioning material | |
JP2022010644A (en) | Molding production method, molding, and eraser | |
JP2020036236A (en) | Speaker and method for manufacturing speaker | |
JP2020015026A (en) | Shredder and sheet manufacturing device |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: SEIKO EPSON CORPORATION, JAPAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:OTA, TSUKASA;TAKANO, HIDEHIRO;YOSHIOKA, SATOMI;SIGNING DATES FROM 20201116 TO 20201119;REEL/FRAME:054948/0170 |
|
FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: ENTITY STATUS SET TO UNDISCOUNTED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: BIG.); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: DOCKETED NEW CASE - READY FOR EXAMINATION |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: NON FINAL ACTION MAILED |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: RESPONSE TO NON-FINAL OFFICE ACTION ENTERED AND FORWARDED TO EXAMINER |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: NON FINAL ACTION MAILED |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: RESPONSE TO NON-FINAL OFFICE ACTION ENTERED AND FORWARDED TO EXAMINER |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: NOTICE OF ALLOWANCE MAILED -- APPLICATION RECEIVED IN OFFICE OF PUBLICATIONS |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: PUBLICATIONS -- ISSUE FEE PAYMENT RECEIVED |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: PUBLICATIONS -- ISSUE FEE PAYMENT VERIFIED |
|
STCF | Information on status: patent grant |
Free format text: PATENTED CASE |