US1154393A - Electrode for arc-lights. - Google Patents

Description

C. W. HILL. ELECTRODE FOR ARC LIGHTS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-25, [9H- v Patented Sept. 21, 1915.

m W W C ,5 E

Lakewood, in the county State of Ohio,

CHARLES W.

HILL, OF LAKEWOOD, OHIO, ASSIGE'OR TO OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION NATIONA cannon COMPANY on NEW JERSEY.

EnricrnonE FOR AEo-men'rs.

Specification of Letters Patent.

I Application filed August 25, 1911. Serial No. 6%,915.

To all whom it may concern I Be it known that I, CHARLEs W. HILL, a citizen of the United States, residing at of Cuyahoga and have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Electrodes for Arc-Lights, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to electric arc light carbons and more particularly to those known as flaming arc carbons.

The invention seeks to provide a flaming arc electrode or carbonwhich while carry- .ing any desired amount of flaming arc material, will nevertheless start upon coldelectrode points without assistance or removal of slag.

Generally speaking, the invention comprises elements and combinations thereof set forth in the accompanying clalms.

Reference should be had to the accom-' panyi'ng drawings in which- Figure 1 is an elevation of two electrodes which have been partially consumed. Fig. 2 is a horizontal cross section of one of the electrodes. Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 illustrate modifications of the invention. Fig. 7 shows inclined carbons, as distinguished from vertical carbons, as shown in Fig. 1. Figs. 8

and 9 show modifications of the invention.

. Flaming arc electrodes as at present made present considerable difliculty and annoy-l.

ance in their use, because. of a scoria or 'slagwhich forms as the carbon is burned,.which" slag accumulates upon the points of the electrodes and forms hard beads or a crusfi upon the-carbon points when'the lamp i which the electrodes are employed is out 0 use. When it is again desired to start the lamp the slag thus formed which is insulating when cold, prevents the electrodes from contacting and thus prevents the formation of the are. This slag or crust frequently forms'when the lamp is burning; that is, the slagforms upon that part of the electrode points which are farthest away from the are. When, therefore, electrodes feed the slag portions upon the electrodes will contact and prove t the formation of the arc. i

It has been proposed to incorporate small amounts of flaming inaterial within the flaming arc electrode which it has been found does not form a slag, but such elec trodes when ,used give .an unsteady light of 'may be granular material less intensity than electrodes having a higher percentage of the-flaming material, and further, the color of "the light given is ot satisfactory. ,..,Moreov'er, nclosure afiorded-by flaming arc'la'mps valri es considerably in different lamps, and also difiers 1n the same .lamp with the removal and replacing of the globe when the lamp is trimmed. Therefore with the present typeof electrode it is impossible to prevent the slagging.

In the present invention. the electrode is formed of two conducting bodies, one of which Is more resistant to consumption in the arc, when used than is the other. Therefore, the less resistantmaterial burns away from the more resistant material, leaving a portion of the more resistant material protruding beyond the end of the carbon. The

same phenomena take place upon both the carbons used in a lamp, and therefore when the current is shut off from the lamp, the electrodes will contact with each other upon the protruding portions of the more resistant material. These portions will remain in contact and when the current is again turned on, it will find a ready path through the contacting'portions of the electrode, and

- thus enable the lamp mechanism to properly operate and draw the are between theelectrodes.

There are various ways of embodying this invention in practical form, and for purposes of disclosure I have shown a solid carbon A, such as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, which is provided with a cylindrical opening extending throughout the length thereof. The body portion A of the carbon itself is composed of carbon mixed with flaming are material in any proportion which may be desired. Within the cylindrical or cored out portion of the carbon is placed thematerial B which is more resistant in burning in the arc ,than is the material forming the body of the carbon proper. This more resistant material mayin form assume that of a solid pencil, which is inserted within Patented Sept. 21, 1915.

the degree of the opening in the carbon, or if desired, it

instances 1 would mention petroleum coke,

or retort carbon. This material either in pencil form or granular form may be introduced whilegreen into a green carbon, or it may be introduced after the carbon has i been baked.

. The more resistant portion of the elec trode may be allowed to extend beyond the ends. of the electro e at the time the electrode is formed, so that in the first instance, there will be projecting portions upon the electrodes within a lamp which may contact even before any burning has taken place. This last construction is desirable, although not necessary. Or the'more resistant material may be coextensive in length with the carbon, for as soon as the electrodes are in use, and have. burned for a short time, the more resistant material Wlll form a DI'OJQC- tion C from the electrodes by virtue of the fact that it is not consumed so fast.

lVh-ile the more resistant material is per haps preferable in a cylindrical form as indicated in Figs. 1 and 2, this form is not the only form which it may assume, and Figs. 3 to 6 illustratevarious modifications Which may be employed, Fig. 3 showing an elliptical form; Fig. 4 a star shaped form; Fig. 5

' a ring or annulus; and Fig. 6 an electrode having a plurality of more resistant areas. In Fig. 7 there is illustrated an inclined form of electrode, such as is used upon cerand a good conducting portion of suhstantially pure carbon more'resistant to the action of the arc than is said body portion.

whereby the said good conducting portion extends beyond the body portion as the electrode is consumed in the lamp.

2. An electrode for flaming are lamps, consisting of an outer shell of flaming material and a core of substantially pure, good conducting carbon more resistant to the action of the arc than is said shell. whereby the core extends beyond the shellv as the electrode is consumed in the lamp.

3. In a flaming arc lamp, two electrodes for supporting an are, one of said electrodes having a center of substantially pure, good conducting carbon, and the other having an electrode consisting of an outer shell oi flaming material and a central core of substantially pure carbon, said core being more resistant to the action of the arc than said shell, whereby the core contacts with the conducting center of the other electrode when the arc is ruptured and the electrodes are moved together.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto afliX my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

. CHARLES W. HILL. W itnesses: A. J. HUnsoN,

E. B. GILOHRIST..

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