US1154210A - Heating and power-producing system. - Google Patents

Description

wz'l izesscs.

J. V. SANTRY.

HEATING AND POWER PRODUCING SYSTEM.

APPLlCATlON FILED FEB. 2. 1915.

1,154,210. PatentedSept. 21, 1915..

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 2. I915.

Patented Sept. 21; 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

,. UNITED s'rArrE-s PATENT OFFICE. I

JOSEPH V. SANTBY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOB TO CHARLES W. E. CLARKE, OF BROOKLINE, MASSACHUSETTS.

HEATING AND POWER-PRODUCING SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent. I Patnted 21, 1915.

Application filed February 2, 1915: Serial No. 5,801.

'- the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like reference characters on the drawings indicating like parts in the several It has long been a commonpractice to use) i the exhaust steam from a steam engine for heating purposes. 'In the usual arrangement the steam heating system is connected with the exhaust port ofthe engine and a reliefvalve is employed in the system to perinit the escape of steam when the pressure rises above the desired point.- The steam escaping through the relief valve is, of course, wasted;.and-a serious. objection to an arrangement of this, kind is that the quantity of steam delivered to the heating system is controlled by the service requirements of the engine rather than by the de mands of the heating system; and accordingly in mild weather or when unusual service is required of the engine a very substantial percentage of the exhaust steam is wasted. On the other hand, this arrange-i ment frequently is valuable from the stand-' point of economy, particularly where the demand for exhaust steam approximates the amount of steam available from theengine.

The present inventionaims to devise a system of the general character above described which will avoid the disadvantages of this system while still retaining its advantages. Itis proposed to accomplish this objectby controlling the flow of steam to the engine in accordance with the requirements of the heating system. In some cases this arrangement will not interfere materially with the service required from the engine but where this is not the case it is proposed to operate the engine in parallel with another source of power and to control these .two sources of power in the manner required to give the desired service. Provision also is made for maintaining the service required from the heating system when, for any through the conduit 8 to a condenser.

reason, the engine fails to supply it with the I quantity of steam necessary to meet the demands of this service.

The invention will be readily understood from the following description, when read in connection with the accompanying drawlngs, 1n wh1ch a Figure 1 is a view somewhat diagrammatic, of a system embodying the invention; Fig. 2 1s a side elevation of a valve used in the system shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 1s a central, vertical, sectional view of the valve shown in Fig. 2, and Fig. 4: is-a view similar to Fig. 3 of a slightly modified construction of valve which also is used in the system. j 1 a Referring now to the drawings, 2 indicates a main steam supply pipe leading from the boiler equipment of the plant in which the installation is made. Two steam engines of the turbine type are indicated, re-

spectively, at A and B and areboth directly connected to a common load indicated in'the drawings as an alternating current generator G. The turbine A has its admission port connected through a conduit 4 and hand valve 6 to the main steam supply pipe 2 and its exhaust port may be connected The other turbine B has its admission port con nected through a conduit 10 and a hand valve 12 to-the main steam supply 2 and has its exhaust port connected to 'the main supply pipe 14 of the heating system, parts of which are indicated diagrammatically at 16. The turbines A and B may be standard machines equipped with the usual speed governors and will, of course, be selected to meet the requirements of any particular installation to be made. The heating system is directly connected through the conduit 18, the reducing valve 20 and the hand valve 22 with'the main steam supply pipe 2. i

The reducing valve may be of any convenient type but for the purpose of fully disclosing the invention, a valve ofa common construction is shown in Figs- 2 and 3. This valve comprises a casing having an intake port 211, an outlet 25 and a valve seat 26, a valve 27 being mounted on a stem 28 for moyement into and out of engagement with said seat. The casing also is provided with a chamber 29 which communicates with the inlet 24 and the lower end of this chamber is closed by a flexible diaphragm 30 which covers the Whole lower end of the casing and is clamped to the casing by means of a ring 31. The margin of this diaphragm projects beyond the outline of the casing and this free marginal edge of the diaphragm is clamped between a ring 32 and the margin of a head 33 that overlies the bottom of the casing and is provided with a chamber 34. The ring 32 and head 33 are connected to'the casing only by means of the diaphragm. Communication is provided between the chamber 34 and the outlet port through a nipple 35 that extends through the diaphragm and opens at one end into the chamber 34 and at its opposite end into' a passage or duct 39Ethat leads to the outlet 25. The valve stem 28 is threaded through a central aperture in the head 33 and carries a collar 36 pinned thereto and bearing on the outer face of the head and anothercollar 37 which also is pinned to the stem inside the casing and bears against a washer 38 that clamps the middle portion of the diaphragm 30 to a boss or projection on the inner side of the head 33. The area of the diaphragm 30 exposed to the action of the steam on the inlet side of casing is the.

same as the'area of the valve 27 which also is exposed to this pressure. this pressure does-not tend tomove the valve 27 in either. direction. The inner side of the head 33, is exposed to' the pressure of the steam'on the outlet side of the valve, this pressure'being admitted through the nipple 35 and duct 39 and tending to hold the valve 27 on its seat 26. -This tendency is opposed by a spring 40 outside the casing which has one end connected to an eye bolt 41 adjustably mounted in a stationary part of the valve casing and its other end connected: to

one end of a lever 42 fulcrumed on-a sta- I,

the valve has raised to. a point prede termined by the adjustment of the spring 40, this pressure acting on the'head 33 will move the head downwardly, carrying the valve stem with it and thus-seating the valve and preventing any further flow of steam. The

valve then will tend-to takeisuch a position that it wi ll maintain a substantially constant pressure in the outlet side 25 of the casing,

' admitting-just enough steam,- -w11en this Consequently,

pressure falls below a predetermined point,

to bring the pressure up again to that point.

A similar valve is connected in the steam line leading to the turbine B; but in this case there is no connection between the outlet- I which communicates through the ni ple 35 with the chamber 34, see Fig. 4. his arrangement, therefore, instead of making the valve responsive to pressure changes in its outlet, makes it responsive to pressure changes in the heating system.

The valve 45 preferably is set to maintain the required pressure on the heating system, this setting being made according to a scale 48 and an indicator 49 with which valves of this character usually are equipped, as indicated in Fig. 2; but the valve 20 is set to operate at a lower pressure than the valve 45. It is preferred also to set the governor-for the turbine B for a higher speed than the governor of the turbine A. Assuming now. that the hand valves 6, 12 and 22'are all open, that normal steam pressure is maintained on the steam supply system and that the turbines A'and B are in operation, the turbine B will tend to take the load away from the turbine A because its governor is set to operate at a higher speed. If the load is such that the turbine B 'can carry it at the required speed without the aid of the turbine A, then the'governor of the turbine A will cut the latter turbine out of operation and it will run idly. The exhauststeam from the turbine B will be delivered to the main supply pipe 14 of the heating sinc'e this valve controls the flow of steam to the turbine B, it will vary the supplyof steam to the turbine in accordance with "the requirements of the heating system. That is,'if'the pressure in the heating systemfalls .turbine, consequently supplying more steam to the heating systemand thereby raising the pressure in the heating system. This increasein pressure, however,, will be transmitted through the pipe 46 to the chamber 34 and'will operate on the head 33' and the valve stem 45 to close the valvemore or less depending on the, degree of rise in pressure in the heating system. In other words, this ,valve' willfautomatically vary, the" supply of steam to the turbine B. in such. a mannerv as .to.maintaina-substantially constant steampressure on theheating system. If the load consequent reduction in speed will cause the "increases to such a valuethat the turbine B cannotcarry it at the required speed, the" through alone.

' the spirit or scope of this ing system has been specifically mentioned governor of the turbine A tocut in this turbine allowing it to maintain the generator speed at substantially the speed for which the governor of the turbine A is set; but as soon as the load drops off again, the consequent increase in speed will cause the governor of the turbine A to cut this turbine out again and permit the turbine B to carry all the load.

The governor of the turbine B of course acts entirely independently of the valve-4:5. Accordingly, if the load decreases so far that the governor of the turbine B cuts down the flow of steam through this turbine to such a point thatit passes an insuflicient .quantity of steam to maintain the desiredpressure on the heating system, then the valve 45 will be unable to remedythe deficiency and when the-pressure has dropped to a point predetermined by theadjustment of the spring 40 of the-valve 20, this valve will be opened and will admit steam directly from the supply main 2. to the heating system, the steam pres sure, however, being reduced as it passes the valve 20 to substantially the pressure which normally is maintained on the heating system. In case the demand-for exhaust steam falls off, the turbine B of course will not carry its proportion of the load, due'to. the fact that the heating system will not allow it to required for this purpose, This of course tends to reduce the speed of the unit and in turn to throw the load on to the turbine A. The turbine A willbe designed to develop suflicient power to carry the entire 'load The pressure which it is desired to have maintained on the heating system varies in different plants but usually is somewhere be- ,tween ten and fifty pounds. the moment that it is twenty pounds and that the steam pressure in the main supply pipe 2 is two hundred pounds, it will be evi; dent that the'turbine B is operating under a pressure range of from two hundred to twenty pounds. Considerations of economy, therefore, may require that a difierent type of steam engine than that shown be used over this range While another type be used at A to operate in parallel with the engine B.

quired from the engine. and the nature of the.

load that ,it carries.

.It is obvious that theJeXhaust steamfrom the turbine B may be used for other purposes than heating without departing from invention.- A heatto take enough of the load pass the amount of steam Assuming for The selection of the proper steam en gines for any particular installation obvi-' second. engine.

steam heating system, a steam engine connectedto said supply and said heating system to receive steam from said supply and deliver exhaust steam to said heating system, means operative automatically to control the flow of steam to said engine in accordance with the requirements of the heating system, and a source of power operating in parallel with said engine. I

2. The combination of a steam supply, a steam heating system, a steam engine connected to said supply and said heating system to receive steam from said supply and deliver exhaust steam to said heating system, means operative automatically to control the flow ofsteam to said engine in accordance with the requirements of the heating system, a source of power operating in parallel with said engine, and direct connections between said supply and said heating systemincluding pressure responsive means operative automatically when the engine fails to supply the desired quantity of steam to the heating system to deliver steam directly from said 100 supply to said heatingsystem;

The combination with a high pressure steam supply and'a low pressure heating system, of a steam engine connected to said sup ply and heating system to receive its steam 105 fromsaid supply and deliver exhaust steam to said heating system, means for controlling the flow of steam to said engine in accordance with the requirements of the heating system, a second steam engine, a common 11'0 load driven by said engines and governing means forthe engines operative to cause the A second engine to aid in carrying the load "only when the first engine is unable to carry the load at the required speed. l. Thecombination with a high pressure steam supply and a low pressure heating system, of a steam engine-connected to-said supply and said heating system to receive its steam from said supply and deliver eiihaust steam to said heating system, means for controlling the flow ofsteam to said engine in accordance with the requirements of the heating system, a second steamv engine, a

common load driven .by said engines. and in- 121! dependent speed governors for said engines, the governor for the first enginebeing set at a higher speed. than the governor for the 5. The combination of 'a' steam supply, a 1 0 ,heating systemincluding pressure responsteam heating system, a steam engine arranged to receive steam from said supply and deliver exhaust steam. to said heating system, a valve responsive; to changes in pressure inthe heating system arranged to control the supply of steam to said engine in accordance with the requirements of the heating system, direct connections between said supply and said heatinglsystem including a pressure reducing valve operative au tomatically, when the engine failsto supply the desired quantity of steam to the heating system, to deliver steam-directly fromsaid supply to said heating system, a second steam engine, a common load driven by saidengines,

and speed governing means for the engines operative to cause the second engine to aid in carrying the load when the first engine is unable to carry it at the required speed.

- .6. The combination of a steam supp1y,-'a steam heating system, a steam engine connected to said supply and said heating-system to receive steam from said supply. and deliver exhaust steam to said heating system, means operative automatically to control the flow of steam to said engine in accordance,

vwith the requirements of the heating system,

a load for said engine, and additional means operative automatically to carry any part of the load which said engine is unable to carry at the required speed.

7. The combination with a steam supply and a steam heating system, of asteam en;

gine connected to said supply and heating system to receive its steam ,from said supply and deliver exhaust steam to said heating 'system,-means for controlling the flow of steam to said engine in accordance with the requirements of the heating system, direct connections between said supply. and said sive means operative automatically, when the engine fails to supply the desired quantity of steam to the heating system, to deliver steam directlyfrom said supply to said heating system at substantially the pressure I, normally maintained on said system, a second steam engine, a common load driven by said engines and governing means for the engines operative to cause the second engine to aid in carrying the load only when the first engine is unable to carry the load at the required speed. v

8. A system of the character described, comprising a steam supply, a steam heating system, a steam engine arranged to receive steam from said supply and deliver exhaust steam to said heating system, a valve controlling the supply of steam to said engine,

of steam'to said engine and arranged to --allo \v the engine to take only enough steam to meet the requirements of. the heating system, and speed governing means operative to I control the flow of steam to said-engine.

10. The combination of a steam supply, a steam heatingsystem, a steam engine arranged to receive steam from said supply anddeliver exhaust steam to said heating system, automatic means controlling the flow of steam to said engine and arranged to allow the engine to take only enough steam to meet the requirements of the heating system, speed governingmeans also operative to control the flow of steam to said engine,

and additional means connecting said steam supply and said heating system and operative automatically when the engine fails to supply the desired quantity'of steam to the heating system to deliver steam directly to said system.

In testimony-whereof I have afiixed my signature, inpresence oftwo witnesses.

, JOSEPH V. SANTRY. Witnesses-z v STOUGHTON BELL, J. H. MCGREADYJ

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