US1153821A - High-voltage protection. - Google Patents

High-voltage protection. Download PDF

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Publication number
US1153821A
US1153821A US86286714A US1914862867A US1153821A US 1153821 A US1153821 A US 1153821A US 86286714 A US86286714 A US 86286714A US 1914862867 A US1914862867 A US 1914862867A US 1153821 A US1153821 A US 1153821A
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Prior art keywords
resistance
voltage protection
condenser
coil
choking coil
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Expired - Lifetime
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US86286714A
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Waldemar Petersen
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Individual
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/02—Details
    • H04B3/40—Artificial lines; Networks simulating a line of certain length

Definitions

  • Figure 1 shows the arrangement consisting of the combination of a choking coil a and a condenser a commonly employed for protecting transformers, for example, from excess voltages.
  • This arrangement can particularly if the mains have a very low resistance to waves V become the seat of excess voltages whichendanger the protected apparatus.
  • the combination of choking coil and condenser as is known forms a system capable of setting up oscillations which in the limited case upon the approach of a sufiiciently long traveling wave to the protected apparatus can produce an excess voltage of three times the magnitude.
  • any other higher resistance can be taken which damps the natural oscillation to such an extent that in the second half-period of the natural oscillation a certain allowable limit of voltage is not exceeded and thus the known resonance phenomena cannot arise.
  • the insertion of a resistance in parallel has had for its purpose, for example, the possibility of annulling an approaching wave and the magnitude of the resistance must be chosen in a definite ratio to the resistance to waves of the mains, while in the arrangement forming the subject-matterof the invention the parallel resistance in the first place is determined from the properties of the choking coil of the condenser.
  • Fig. 3 the resistance b is in fact connected in parallel with a. part of the protecting choking coil a.
  • the portion (1 of the choking coil lying in front of the resistance prevents traveling waves from passing through, at least for a short time.
  • it is possisistance branching off from the branch Wire and having parallel connection to the choke 15 coil intermediate the ends of the choke coil whereby a portion of the choke ,coil is interposed between the resistance connection and the one end of the line wire.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

w. PETERSEN. HIGH VOLTAGE PROTECTION.
APPLICATION FILED SEPT.Z!| 1914.
Patented Sept. 14, 1915.
Fwy $6 IWwwws: Jkvwar A 4 mafia/ze WWL WALDEMAB PETERSEN, OF DARMSTADT, GERMANY.
HIGH-VOLTAGE PROTECTION.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, WALDEMAR Pnrnnsnn, subject of the German Emperor, and resident at Darmstadt, Grand Duchy of Hesse, German Empire, have invented certain new and useful High-Voltage Protection, of which the following is a specification.
Figure 1 shows the arrangement consisting of the combination of a choking coil a and a condenser a commonly employed for protecting transformers, for example, from excess voltages. This arrangement can particularly if the mains have a very low resistance to waves V become the seat of excess voltages whichendanger the protected apparatus. The combination of choking coil and condenser as is known forms a system capable of setting up oscillations which in the limited case upon the approach of a sufiiciently long traveling wave to the protected apparatus can produce an excess voltage of three times the magnitude. The excess voltage can be still higher if there is a short circuit in the conductors to the ends of which the protecting device is connected at such a distance that the natural period of the short circuited length of conductor is identical with the natural period of the protecting device. This source of danger particularly arising in networks of cables can be avoided by connecting a resistance 6 to destroy the eflect across the ends of the choking coil a (Fig. 2) in known manner; but according-to the invention the magnitude of this resistance must be designed in relation to the selfinduction of the choking coil a and the capacity of the condenser 0, so that the natural oscillation of the protecting device is strongly 'or altogether suppressed. Apart from any damping efiect in the oscillatory circuit a c the following is the differentialequation of this oscillatory circuit:
(Z 6. 1 (it 1 where i is the instantaneous value of the current flowing throu h the choking coil a, R is the resistance of b, is induction of a and C the capacity of the condenser c. The system a 0 is deprived of the capacity to set up oscil- Speciflcation of Letters Patent.
Patented Sept. it, 1915'.
lations as the solution of this differential equation showsif the magniture R of the reslstance b has the value.
For preventing harmful rises in voltage it is not necessary to choose this critical value, any other higher resistance can be taken which damps the natural oscillation to such an extent that in the second half-period of the natural oscillation a certain allowable limit of voltage is not exceeded and thus the known resonance phenomena cannot arise.
Bridging across inductances is as already stated in itself a known procedure many times published, yet in all these cases the object forming the basis of the present invention is not pursued.
The insertion of a resistance in parallel has had for its purpose, for example, the possibility of annulling an approaching wave and the magnitude of the resistance must be chosen in a definite ratio to the resistance to waves of the mains, while in the arrangement forming the subject-matterof the invention the parallel resistance in the first place is determined from the properties of the choking coil of the condenser.
The most favorable bridging over resistance under some circumstances is so low that a considerable portion of an approaching traveling wave passes through the resistance and damages the protected parts of the apparatus before the condenser 0 comes into operation. The effectiveness is therefore still further increased if the arrangement illustrated in Fig. 3 is shown. In this the resistance b is in fact connected in parallel with a. part of the protecting choking coil a. The portion (1 of the choking coil lying in front of the resistance prevents traveling waves from passing through, at least for a short time. Also, in this arrangement it is possisistance branching off from the branch Wire and having parallel connection to the choke 15 coil intermediate the ends of the choke coil whereby a portion of the choke ,coil is interposed between the resistance connection and the one end of the line wire.
In testimony, whereof I have signed my 20 name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.
WALDEMAR PETERSEN.
Witnesses: 4
JEAN GRUND, CARL GRUND.
US86286714A 1914-09-21 1914-09-21 High-voltage protection. Expired - Lifetime US1153821A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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US86286714A US1153821A (en) 1914-09-21 1914-09-21 High-voltage protection.

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US86286714A US1153821A (en) 1914-09-21 1914-09-21 High-voltage protection.

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