US115274A - Improvement in machines for converting wood or other fibrous material into pulp - Google Patents

Description

- TENT ErrcE.

JAMES BRIDGE, v0E AUGUSTA, AINE IMPROVEMENT 1M MACHINEsPoR coNvEPmNe woon 0R o'THER EIBRous MATERIAL INT0 PULP.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 115,274, dated May 30, 1871.

` f i To allpcrsons` to whomthcsepresents may come:

:Be it known thatI, `JAiMEs BRIDGE, of Augusta, of the county of Kennebee and State y of Maine, have invented a new and useful or 1 1 Improved Machine for the Conversion of Wood f or various 4other Fibrous Material into Pulp for the manufacture of paperor papier-march;

i and I do hereby declare the same to be fully `described in the following specification and represented in the accompanying drawing, of

"Vwwich- "Figure l is atop view, Fig. 2 a front elevaabove-mentioned parts, and their arrangement `and mode of operation, l shall now proceed-to g p explain' with reference to the aforesaid draw.

" ing, `in whiehl- A is a stationary millstone,havin g a plane or channeled upper surface. V B is a metal or Jwooden case, inclosing andextending above such stone. Gis a sleeve Xed in the stone, watertight, and projecting some distance l l `lboveits grinding-surface.` The shaft Lof the wheel passes throughthe sleeve, the step b of such shaftbeing fastened to alever, c, arranged j undert-he stone. The objectof the sleeve is to aid in forming a reservoir for thewater used i in grinding, `which passes upward through the sleeve in a conduit, F, arranged therein, as

shown, and discharges into the space d, between it and the inner rim E of the wheel, from whence it. must `flow outward, carrying the y pulp with it. The sleeve also serves to pre# vent the escape of the water and pulp into the space in the stone through which the shaft,

. 3 passes. `D is the outerandE the inner rim of the wheel,theylbeing concentric.

Gr and H l. f `are spiders attaching the wheel to its shaft.

\ and L are inclined plates or buckets confined "to theouter and inner rimsV of fthe wheel, and l arranged between them, as shown. The lower edges of 1 such plates should be `as near the f surface of the stone as they can safel y be without touching. The office of such plates is to l draw over the surface of the stone solid wood, partially disintegrated wood, straw, rags, or other material for pulp. They are adjusted at such an angle that the substance to be operated upon will pass around with them and be pressed down by them upon the stone while the wheel may be in revolution. M andN are double plates or slides fastened to the outer and inner rims of the wheel. Between these latter, pieces of wood f, of suitable shape, either sawed `or split, are placed. They will settle by their own gravity until they touch the stone, and will continue to settle as fast as they4 wear away, their inclination being such that the friction of the stone will have a tendency to draw the wood toward itself. A brace-bar, O, arranged at the bottom ofthe plate N, should be strong enough to hold the wood firmly to the face of the stone.

The operation of the slider, if used in connection with the buckets orwsingle plates, will be as follows, viz: The disintegrated wood or other material of insufficient flneness for pulp which may pass under the buckets will be caught and held firmly to the face of the stone by the blocks or pieces of wood until the substance ma-y be reduced to pulp. Thelplates M N mayvalso'be used independently ofthe bucket, their office then" being to hold solid wood of suit-able shape firmly to the grindingsurface, it being drawn over the stone by the 1motion of the wheel and pressed down upon the stone by the weight of the wheel and the inclination ofthe plates, also by further pressure, if desirable, as hereinafter mentioned. The/upper box g, in which the shaft runs, is free, so that the wheel can rise should any unyielding substance get under it. As it, with its rigid partitions, passes over the material to be ground, it will have a tendency to rise and consequently there will be no heating of the lower box, which is often troublesome where a stone revolves with its shaft. Generally no other weight than that of the wheel itself will be needed for pressure upon the surface of the stone; but should more be desired it can conveniently be applied and graduated by a lever, T, arranged to press upon the head of the shaft.

R is a perforated standard, through which passes a screwbolt, h, connected with the steplever of the wheel-shaft. A nut on the upper s Minera end ot' thc screw-bolt enables an attendant to adjust at pleasure the distance 'between the Wheel and the stone. S is a beam, to which the upper end ot the shaft is attached. It may be one of the beams ot' the building in which the machine may be placed. The supports are not necessarily connected with the machine. The lever T, resting on the top of the shalt, may have a rope, K, attached, for the purpose ot' applying pressure or Weight to the lever when necessary. P P are apertures through the case of the Wheel, through which the pulp escapes. When solid Wood is ground no strainers will be necessary in the orice; but when partly-disintegrated substances are ground one or more strainers will be desirable. 'lhe wheel may be driven either by a belt applied to a pulley, U, tired on its shaft, or by gearing; but in either case there should be sufficient play to allow a rise or fall of two or three inches ot' the Wheel.

The advantages to be derived from this inaehinc over any other known to ine are, first, the greatly-increased speed which may safely be adopted for the wheels in comparison with what may be employed in a machine using a. revolving stone, there being no danger of bursting a stationary stone. Second, economy in cost. Then movable, agrinding-stone, if of ordinary thickness, cannot sately be used after it is halt' Worn out; but when stationary and properly bedded, the stone will be equally et'- fectivc as at first when one inch thick or even oi' less thickness. rllhird, the cost of stationary ystone and machinery, as described, will generally be very much less than that of a revolving stone and its machinery. Fourth, the power as rags, straw, partly-disintegrated Wood, dto. My machine will serve as a valuable substitute for the pulp-mills in ordinary use in paper nianutactories. Sixth, a series of double plates or slides similar to M and N is a convenient device for applying solid Wood to a grindingsurface, particularly as the use of all Weights, springs, and other modes of pressure is avoided.

Having thus described my improved machine for the manufacture of paper-pulp, what I claim therein as my invention is as follows, viz:

l. The combination of the stationary stone A and its rim B and sleeve G with the rotary Wheel provided with the inclined bucketsK L, or such, and double-inclined plates M N, or the latter only, all being arranged and combined substantially in manner and to operate as described.

2. The Wheel as made of the two rims, the single buckets or inclined plates, and the double inclined plates, all arranged and applied to a shaft, as set forth.

3. The arrangement and combination of the Water-induct With the sleeve C, the stone A, audits rim B/ furnished with an educt, all being as described.

. 4. The stone as provided with the rim and the sleeve, as set forth.

5. The combination ot1 one or more Wooden slides, as described, with the inclined plate, bucket, and Wheel combined, and to operate with the stationary stone, as described, for the purpose of reducing to paper-pnl p yielding or soft as Well as solid substances.

6. The combination of buckets or plates and slides, each assistingtlle other in disintegrating sott and yielding substances, including cotton rags, straw, and partly-disintegrated Wood shavings, &c.

' JAMES BRIDGE. [1.. s] Witnesses:

R. W. BLACK, S. LANCASTER.

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